甘肃省高寒阴湿区农业气候区划与资源利用研究

从分析甘肃省高寒阴湿区农业气候资源入手，划分出高寒阴湿区的气候界线，研究了种植业的气候资源优劣及其农业气象灾害，提出了合理利用途径。     

寻找金伯利岩的合理工作程序

通过实例简要概括了金伯利岩体上物探异常的特点,重点论述了使用综合地球物理方法的原则,并提出了寻找金伯利岩的合理工作程序。     

基于伴随方法的线性台阵背景噪声面波和远震体波联合成像研究

伴随层析成像（Adjoint Tomography）通过求解全波方程来准确模拟地震波在复杂介质中的传播,并利用波形信息来反演地下结构,是新一代的高分辨率成像方法.其中3-D伴随层析成像需要庞大的计算资源,而2-D反演相对更具计算效率.面波和远震体波是研究地壳上地幔速度结构的重要方法,它们对S波速度及Moho面的敏感度不同,通过联合反演,可以得到更为准确的S波速度结构及Moho面.通过两种数据的高度互补性,本文提出基于伴随方法的线性台阵背景噪声面波和远震体波联合成像方法,同时约束台阵下方S波速度结构及Moho面形态.我们将该方法应用到符合华北克拉通岩石圈典型结构特征的理论模型上,测试结果表明联合反演方法优势明显,相比于面波伴随层析成像,能获得更高分辨率的S波速度结构,同时能精准约束Moho面形态.相比于体波伴随层析成像,联合反演能有效压制高频假象,降低波形反演过程中的非线性化程度.本研究有望提供一种更为高效精准的线性台阵成像方法,搭建联合伴随层析成像理论框架,提升岩石圈成像分辨率,并为后续其他类型波形数据的引入提供思路和方法.     

多旋翼无人机航磁系统误差综合补偿研究

多旋翼无人机磁通门航磁系统以其安全、稳定、高效等特点可广泛应用于中大比例尺矿产资源探测领域,但由于磁通门传感器存在三轴不严格正交,灵敏度、零偏不一致造成的转向差,且系统作业中存在固定场干扰、感应干扰和涡流干扰,需要进行流程繁琐的标定和补偿测试.本文根据实测数据分析出航磁系统机电干扰主要来自机载设备高频干扰,针对机电干扰高频特性设计相应低通滤波器进行误差处理,并基于Tolles-Lawson模型建立仪器转向误差和飞行平台机动误差补偿模型,根据两者结构相似的特点,建立综合补偿模型,该模型简单,实用性强,可通过野外一次补偿测试求取补偿参数进而对工区航磁数据进行补偿处理.最后,将综合补偿研究应用到辽宁省兴城市夹山地区航磁数据,综合补偿后的处理有效去除了航磁数据中的条带状干扰异常,并与地面磁测数据异常形态具有良好的一致性,验证了该研究方法有效性和实用性.     

区域时间和震级可预报模型在华北及西南地区的应用

应用能把不同精度和完整性的地震资料甚至考古地震资料结合起来,估计震源区的地震矩年变化率的方法,计算了地震矩年变化率．在此基础上,把区域时间震级可预报模型应用到华北地区和西南地区,地震时间间隔和上次地震的震级正相关,表明该模型是成立的．其震源应力积累参数之一的c值小于全球板缘地震得到的平均值0.33,说明地震复发周期与上次地震震级的相关性较弱,体现了中国大陆地震不同于板缘地震,意味着板缘地震和内陆地震模型存在差别．并用此模型对华北地区和西南地区的地震危险性作了分析．      

1989年8月17日耀斑后环系速度场分析

本文给出了１９８９ 年８ 月１７ 日耀斑后环的观测视向速度场,在环内物质在太阳重力、磁场梯度和大气压力梯度联合作用下沿环腿螺旋上升和环内物质密度由环腿向环顶和环足线性递增的假设下,理论上计算了该环系的视向速度场,理论计算和观测结果基本相符,似乎为耀斑物质由色球蒸发作上升运动的观点提供了间接的例证     

LSQRD及解的分辨分析

较详细地介绍了ＬＳＱＲＤ（Ｌｅａｓｔ Ｓｑｕａｒｅ ＱＲ Ｄｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ） 反演方法以及“检测版”分辨分析方法,并举实例检验其应用。对于大型稀疏方程组的求解,ＬＳＱＲＤ 是一种内存需求小、计算效率高和抗噪能力较强的算法。“检测版”试验表明,ＬＳＱＲＤ也可以对迭代解进行有效的可靠性估计,以指导对反演结果的利用。     

Flow Characteristics of Large-Scale Liquefaction-Slip of the Loess Strata in Shibei Tableland, Guyuan City, Induced by the 1920 Haiyuan M8 1/2 Earthquake

Based on the dynamic triaxial liquefaction test of the loess samples which are taken from Shibei tableland, Guyuan City, Ningxia, China, the characteristics of dynamic strain, dynamic stress and pore water pressure are studied under cyclic loading. Triaxial shear test is conducted immediately after the sample reaches liquefaction point. During the test, the property of the liquefied soil is analyzed through fluid mechanics method, whereby the fluidity of the liquefied soil is represented by apparent viscosity.The results show that the fluidity of liquefied loess changes from "shear thickening" to "shear thinning" as the shear force continues, and the fluidity of liquefied loess is closely related to its structure. In addition, in the process of forming a new stable state, the apparent viscosity and deviant stress change with axial strain in a similar approach. When the sample reaches its stable state, it meanwhile shows a relatively stable apparent viscosity. According to the fluid mechanics and the law of conservation of energy, the slip distance of the liquefied soil is estimated, and the results are in good agreement with the field investigation results.     

Estimation of PM_(2.5) Mass Concentration from Visibility

Aerosols in the atmosphere not only degrade visibility, but are also detrimental to human health and transportation. In order to develop a method to estimate PM_(2.5) mass concentration from the widely measured visibility, a field campaign was conducted in Southwest China in January 2019. Visibility, ambient relative humidity(RH), PM_(2.5) mass concentrations and scattering coefficients of dry particles were measured. During the campaign, two pollution episodes, i.e., from 4-9 January and from 10-16 January, were encountered. Each of the two episodes could be divided into two periods. High aerosol hygroscopicity was found during the first period, when RH was higher than 80% at most of the time, and sometimes even approached 100%. The second period experienced a relatively dry but more polluted condition and aerosol hygroscopicity was lower than that during the first period. An empirical relationship between PM_(2.5) mass concentration and visibility(ambient aerosol extinction) under different RH conditions could thus be established. Based on the empirical relationship,PM_(2.5) mass concentration could be well estimated from visibility and RH. This method will be useful for remote sensing of PM_(2.5) mass concentration.     

Kinetic study of the hydrocarbon generation from Upper Paleozoic coals in Ordos Basin

When organic matter during geological processes is affected by a variety of factors such as paleotemperature, and time, complicated chemical reactions will occur, finally resulting in the generation of petroleum and natural gas. These reactions leading to…