云南广南县老寨湾金矿地质特征及找矿标志

广南县老寨湾金矿位于滇、黔、桂“金三角”重要成矿区带上,金矿体矿体呈似层状赋存于断层构造破碎带或层间构造破碎带中,构造控矿明显。矿体围岩均为下泥盆统坡松冲组第一段(D1ps1)硅化石英砂岩;矿床成因属中-低温热液叠加改造型金矿床,断层构造、硅化等矿化蚀变及地球化学异常是重要的找矿标志。     

山东即墨地区下白垩统灰岩地球化学特征及沉积环境分析

为研究山东即墨周戈庄剖面下白垩统灰岩地球化学特征及沉积环境,对周戈庄剖面灰岩进行了系统的沉积学和元素地球化学测试.研究结果显示,周戈庄剖面灰岩样品中SiO₂和CaO含量较高,其平均含量分别为17.18%和39.10%,且SiO₂、Al₂O₃与CaO的值呈现负相关,表明灰岩沉积时期受陆源影响较大.微量元素中,Zr含量较低,Ti含量远大于碳酸盐岩中平均含量,表明其沉积作用主要受陆源影响.稀土总量丰富,重稀土富集,Gd和Eu显示轻微正异常,Ce轻微负异常,且Ce/Ce^*与Eu/Eu^*、ΣREE呈明显的相关性.MgO/Al₂O₃为0.33～0.74,Sr/Ba值为0.10～0.94,反映了陆相沉积环境.V/Cr值为1.64～1.92,Ni/Co值为1.83～2.45, U/Th值为0.48～0.84,反映了氧化沉积特征.MgO/CaO的值为0.03～0.14,Sr/Cu值为16.46～20.45,指示了干旱炎热的气候条件,表明周戈庄剖面灰岩沉积环境为炎热干旱的氧化陆相沉积环境.对周戈庄地区沉积环境的研究可以用来重建古气候、恢复古环境.     

黄河流域气候与农业种植面积变化对径流的影响

根据黄河流域1960—2005年5个水文站逐日流量、77个气象站1959—2013年逐日降水数据,结合流域内主要农作物种植面积及大型水库资料,全面探讨气候与农业面积变化及人类活动对黄河流域径流变化的影响.研究表明:黄河流域所有流量分位数总体呈下降趋势,并于1980s中后期到1990s中期发生突变.降水变化是黄河流域径流变化的主要影响因素.在考虑不同流量分位数情况下,农作物种植面积变化对不同分位数径流变化的影响也有差异性.花园口站农作物种植面积变化对径流量量级和可变性均有显著影响;其余4站各项气候变化与农作物种植指标参数较大,虽均未达到10%的显著性水平,但仍会对径流的量级变化产生影响.对唐乃亥站,农作物耕作面积的下降减少了灌溉用水,在0.5流量分位数时有高达60%增加径流量的间接作用.对于头道拐站,农作物耕作面积的增加使得流域总蒸发量增加,灌溉用水增加,在0.3流量分位数时有高达40%减少径流量的间接作用.该研究为气候变化与人类活动影响下黄河流域水资源优化配置提供重要理论依据.     

温度对宽频地震计观测资料影响的研究方法

本文以具有力平衡反馈结构的甚宽频地震计BBVS-120为分析对象, 通过台站观测实验和实验室温控实验的相关分析, 得到了温度对输出信号影响的频带范围和水平, 定义了温度灵敏度参数, 从定量的角度分析了温度对地震计观测资料的影响。     

物联网技术在地震受困人员应急搜救中的应用研究

为能在搜救地震受困人员时,实时监测灾区情况,增强实时性及降低搜救误差,研究物联网技术在地震受困人员应急搜救中的应用,设计基于物联网的地震应急搜救系统,采用RFID识读器将采集的数据通过互联网传输至数据处理中心服务器上,再反馈至灾区信息处理子系统中的监测防御模块中,若出现异常情况则开启射频模块,命令现场报警装置响应报警应急搜救信号;通过蚁群算法获取最优搜救路线,及时搜救地震受困人员。实验结果表明,设计系统可有效搜救地震受困人员,且系统的吞吐率高达90%,搜救准确率均值高达97.6%,耗时均值仅为0.88 h,具有较高的搜救准确率和搜救效率。     

痕量氢观测环境及供电系统建设

应用ATG-6118H痕量氢在线自动分析仪在水井类观测点观测过程中发现,外界观测环境的变化对于痕量氢浓度的观测存在一定干扰。文章依据宁河痕量氢观测井的观测环境及供电系统的改造过程,对2017年11月11日井房改造完成前后的痕量氢浓度数据进行分析论述,为该仪器的后续观测提供一些借鉴经验。     

Radiolarian fauna from the Chiungchussuan Shuijingtuo Formation(Cambrian Series 2) in Western Hubei Province,South China

Little is known regarding characteristics and evolution of radiolarian fossils in the early Cambrian due to its rarity and poor preservation. Here we report a new radiolarian fauna from the Cambrian Shuijingtuo Formation corresponding to the Chiungchussuan Stage(Cambrian Series 2) in western Hubei, China. It contains over 300 radiolarian tests and these fossils belong to 4 morphotypes, including Paraantygopora porosa gen.et sp. nov., Braunosphaera sinensis gen.et sp. nov., Tetrasphaera? sp. and incertae spherical radiolarians. In taxonomy, Spumellaria predominates in the fauna and comprises 92% of the total. In shell structure, about 73% of all specimens are similar to the early Ordovician radiolarian fossils, with the shell walls characterized by perforated plate structures. The spherical radiolarians with latticed shells constitute another feature of the early Cambrian radiolarian fauna. The radiolarian fauna reported here contains many fossil specimens and covers different taxonomical taxa. These specimens usually consist of distinctive concentric multi-layers with complex structure. These characteristics indicate that Radiolaria had already thrived during the Cambrian Chiungchussuan Stage(Series 2, Stage 3), which may have occurred synchronously with the explosion and prosperity of macrobiota recorded in the strata deposited in shallower water condition.     

行星际磁场B_y对弓激波影响的MHD结果

利用全球磁流体模拟的结果,本文研究了行星际磁场B_y对弓激波位型的影响.结果显示:随着行星际磁场B_y绝对值的增大,弓激波的日下点距离、旋转对称张角、南北非对称性以及旋转非对称性均随之增加.其中,B_y对弓激波日下点距离的影响可达5 RE左右.东向B_y和西向B_y对弓激波位型影响具有对称性,东向B_y和西向B_y大小相同时弓激波日下点距离、旋转对称张角以及旋转非对称性参数均相同,而南北非对称性参数大小相同正负相反.行星际磁场B_y占主导时弓激波尾部横截面在南北方向上拉伸,并且拉伸程度随着B_y绝对值的增大而增大,弓激波尾部横截面的拉伸现象与磁声波马赫数密切相关.     

RESEARCH ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF QUATERNARY ACTIVITIES OF SU-XI-CHANG FAULT

Running across the urban areas of Changzhou, Wuxi and Suzhou, the NW-trending Su-Xi-Chang Fault is an important buried fault in Yangtze River Delta. In the respect of structural geomorphology, hilly landform is developed along the southwest side of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault, and a series of lakes and relatively low-lying depressions are developed on its northeast side, which is an important landform and neotectonic boundary line. The fault controlled the Jurassic and Cretaceous stratigraphic sedimentary and Cenozoic volcanic activities, and also has obvious control effects on the modern geomorphology and Quaternary stratigraphic distribution. Su-Xi-Chang Fault is one of the target faults of the project "Urban active fault exploration and seismic risk assessment in Changzhou City" and "Urban active fault exploration and seismic risk assessment in Suzhou City". Hidden in the ground with thick cover layer, few researches have been done on this fault in the past. The study on the activity characteristics and the latest activity era of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault is of great significance for the prevention and reduction of earthquake disaster losses caused by the destructive earthquakes to the cities of Changzhou, Wuxi and Suzhou. Based on shallow seismic exploration and drilling joint profiling method, Quaternary activities and distribution characteristics of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault are analyzed systematically. Shallow seismic exploration results show that the south branch of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault in Suzhou area is dominated by normal faulting, dipping to the north-east, with a dip angle of about 60° and a displacement of 3~5m on the bedrock surface. The north branch of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault in Changzhou area is dominated by normal faulting, dipping to the south, with a dip angle of about 55°~70° and a displacement of 4~12m on the bedrock surface. All breakpoints of Su-Xi-Chang Fault on the seismic exploration profiles show that only the bedrock surface was dislocated, not the interior strata of the Quaternary. On the drilling joint profile in the Dongqiao site of Suzhou, the latest activity of the south branch of Su-Xi-Chang Fault is manifested as reverse faulting, with maximum displacement of 2.9m in the upper part of Lower Pleistocene, and the Middle Pleistocene has not been dislocated by the fault. The fault acts as normal fault in the Pre-Quaternary strata, with a displacement of 3.7m in the Neogene stratum. On the drilling joint profile in the Chaoyang Road site of Changzhou, the latest activity of the north branch of Su-Xi-Chang Fault is manifested as reverse faulting too, with maximum displacement of 2.8m in the bottom layer of the Middle Pleistocene. The fault acts as normal fault in the Pre-Quaternary strata, with a displacement of 10.2m in the bedrock surface. Combining the above results, we conclude that the latest activity era of Su-Xi-Chang Fault is early Middle Pleistocene. The Su-Xi-Chang Fault was dominated by the sinistral normal faulting in the pre-Quaternary period, and turned into sinistral reverse faulting after the early Pleistocene, with displacement of about 3m in the Quaternary strata. The maximum magnitude of potential earthquake on the Su-Xi-Chang Fault is estimated to be 6.0.     

水草腐烂引发的黑臭水体应急处置技术研究

水草腐烂加速水体耗氧和水体还原性物质的溶出进程,在夏、秋季高温条件下极易引发局部水体黑臭.以太湖沉水植物优势种马来眼子菜(Potamogeton malaianus)、苦草(Vallisneria natans)及浮叶植物优势种莕菜(Nymphoides peltatum)为受试材料,利用太湖原位底泥培养模拟水草腐烂形成的黑臭水体,考察不同的环境材料处置方式(壳聚糖(CTS)、聚合氯化铝(PAC)、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)、CTS+PAC和PAC+PAM)对黑臭水体浊度、溶解氧浓度、挥发性硫化物等黑臭水体特征污染物的絮凝沉降规律及去除机理.结果表明:(1)絮凝处理24 h后,CTS+PAC组合对黑臭水体的浊度去除效果最佳,浊度去除率达70.3%,上覆水溶解氧浓度明显提高,增加率为261.5%;(2)加石英砂悬浊液加速絮体沉淀,形成絮体之后加石英砂使水体浊度稳步下降,4 h之后,浊度去除率达74.9%,显著高于与絮凝剂一起加入的处理组(29.8%);(3)植物腐烂释放的含硫特征嗅味物质主要为硫化氢(H_2S)、甲硫醚和二甲基三硫醚.不同植物体腐烂释放的含硫挥发性有机物浓度差异显著,马来眼子菜释放的4种含硫有机物总和分别为莕菜和苦草释放的319.8%和252.2%;(4)CTS+PAC处理后苦草及马来眼子菜腐烂水体中挥发性有机硫化物浓度较对照组分别降低了18.6%和44.5%.PAC+PAM组合絮凝处理组对莕菜腐烂水体中H2S有较好的去除效果,去除率达到52.4%.CTS+PAC絮凝剂组合处理的H2S浓度均低于对照组,苦草、马来眼子菜和莕菜腐烂后黑臭水体中H2S浓度分别降低了27.4%、41.0%和28.6%.CTS+PAC组合对H2S和二甲基硫醚类物质等致臭物释放的抑制效果优于PAC+PAM组合絮凝处理.