DCMT活动光栅控制系统

ＤＣＭＴ活动光栅的控制系统是主测微器的主要部分，本控制系统操作灵活，它既能联机工作又能脱机工作，并具有自动报警和自动复位功能。主测微器承担测定天体和５个自准直像的位置，要比传统的活动光栅复杂得多．本设计的独特之处在于用分区、分时并配以光栏控制诸方法确定全部像的位置。保证了所有的观测在同一个系统之内．经一年来的实际观测证明，本系统精度优于０”．０３，达到了同类别微器的先进水平．     

Low-mass and high-mass supermassive black holes in radio-loud AGNs are spun-up in different evolution paths

How supermassive black holes(SMBHs) are spun-up is a key issue in modern astrophysics. As an extension to the study in Wang et al., here we address the issue by comparing the host galaxy properties of nearby(z 0.05) radio-selected Seyfert 2 galaxies. With the two-dimensional bulge+disk decompositions for the SDSS r-band images, we identify a dichotomy in various host galaxy properties for radio-loud SMBHs. By assuming that radio emission from the jet reflects a high SMBH spin, which stems from the well-known Blandford-Znajek mechanism of jet production, high-mass SMBHs(i.e., MBH 107.9 M⊙)have a preference for being spun-up in classical bulges, and low-mass SMBHs(i.e., MBH = 106-107 M⊙)in pseudo-bulges. This dichotomy suggests and confirms that high-mass and low-mass SMBHs are spun-up in different ways, i.e., a major "dry" merger and a secular evolution respectively.     

Risk assessment of maize drought disaster in southwest China using the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model

The East Asian monsoon has a tremendous impact on agricultural production in China. An assessment of the risk of drought disaster in maize-producing regions is therefore important in ensuring a reduction in such disasters and an increase in food security. A risk assessment model, EPIC(Environmental Policy Integrated Climate) model, for maize drought disasters based on the Erosion Productivity Impact Calculator crop model is proposed for areas with the topographic characteristics of the mountainous karst region in southwest China. This region has one of the highest levels of environmental degradation in China. The results showed that the hazard risk level for the maize zone of southwest China is generally high. Most hazard index values were between 0.4 and 0.5,accounting for 47.32% of total study area. However,the risk level for drought loss was low. Most of the loss rate was 0.1, accounting for 96.24% of the total study area. The three high-risk areas were mainlydistributed in the parallel ridge–valley areas in the east of Sichuan Province, the West Mountain area of Guizhou Province, and the south of Yunnan Province.These results provide a scientific basis and support for the reduction of agricultural drought disasters and an increase in food security in the southwest China maize zone.     

云南省防洪空间信息系统构建

通过讨论应用地理信息系统（GIS）技术，立足现实对相关空间数据进行集成和整合处理，实现防洪空间信息的数字化、标准化，为优化防汛指挥工作手段提供基础。系统数据库饭知不同比例尺精度的空间基础数据以满足不同目的的需求，对相关水文、防洪设施、全省洪涝风险和重点区风险图、土地利用等图件进行系统整合。系统有较强的管理功能和分析功能，可提高云南省防洪空间信息的共享度和系统有效管理，为政府统一组织和指挥抗洪救灾提供重要的辅助决策支持手段。     

基于“城—村—地”三维视角的农村居民点整理策略——以江苏省新沂市为例

农村居民点作为当前国土资源利用效率提升的重要潜力空间,对其进行调控研究是促进可持续乡村建设的重要内容。城镇作为区域社会经济文化中心,村城关系在一定程度上影响着农村居民点发展的空间潜力;土地作为农村居民点发展的支撑条件和空间载体,村地关系在一定程度上体现了农村居民点布局的适宜性及资源利用的协调性。在扎实推进新农村建设、统筹城乡发展、促进土地集约节约利用的背景下,将“城—村—地”纳入统一分析框架,有利于统筹不同空间尺度要素对居民点整理的影响。本研究立足农村行为主体的空间关联性,综合“城—村—地”三级空间对象,提出农村居民点整理策略分析框架;基于对农村居民点地域系统要素构成和结构层次的分析,从城镇发展辐射性、村域布局适宜性、土地利用协调性等三方面构建了农村居民点整理潜力评价体系,进而探讨了相应的农村居民点整理途径。最后选取江苏省新沂市进行实证分析,将其划分为优先整理区、重点整理区、适度挖潜区、优化调整区及特殊整理区等居民点用地整理类型,提出相应的整理模式及优化路径,以期为农村居民点的整理优化提供有益借鉴,助推可持续的城乡空间重构。     

东北温带旱作农业主要作物生产潜力及资源利用效率评价——以黑龙江海伦市为例

将作物生产潜力模型(PS123模型)与常规方法相结合,对1999~2001年海伦市玉米、大豆、小麦作物生产潜力进行计算;选取产量损失量、资源满足率和资源组合利用率,定量评价资源利用效率,寻找影响资源集约高效利用的限制性因子及其定量制约程度。结果显示,自然资源中温度对于产量的限制最大,其次为水分和土壤,如果把光温生产潜力作为目标产量,玉米、大豆、小麦的光温生产潜力分别为11998、7068、8813 kg/hm²,资源利用率分别为51.0%、29.0%、20.2%,海伦市粮食生产仍有较大潜力。在特定自然资源状况下,海伦市的社会经济状况是限制潜力实现的重要因素,在实地调查基础上,本文提出了提高该市作物产量的主要措施。     

Analysis of city centrality based on entropy weight TOPSIS and population mobility: A case study of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Based on statistical data and population flow data for 2016,and using entropy weight TOPSIS and the obstacle degree model,the centrality of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)together with the factors influencing centrality were measured.In addition,data for the population flow were used to analyze the relationships between cities and to verify centrality.The results showed that:(1)The pattern of centrality conforms closely to the pole-axis theory and the central geography theory.Two axes,corresponding to the Yangtze River and the Shanghai-Kunming railway line,interconnect cities of different classes.On the whole,the downstream cities have higher centrality,well-defined gradients and better development of city infrastructure compared with cities in the middle and upper reaches.(2)The economic scale and size of the population play a fundamental role in the centrality of cities,and other factors reflect differences due to different city classes.For most of the coastal cities or the capital cities in the central and western regions,factors that require long-term development such as industrial facilities,consumption,research and education provide the main competitive advantages.For cities that are lagging behind in development,transportation facilities,construction of infrastructure and fixed asset investment have become the main methods to achieve development and enhance competitiveness.(3)The mobility of city populations has a significant correlation with the centrality score,the correlation coefficients for the relationships between population mobility and centrality are all greater than 0.86(P<0.01).The population flow is mainly between high-class cities,or high-class and low-class cities,reflecting the high centrality and huge radiating effects of high-class cities.Furthermore,the cities in the YREB are closely linked to Guangdong and Beijing,reflecting the dominant economic status of Guangdong with its geographical proximity to the YREB and Beijing's enormous influence as the national political and cultural center,respectively.     

松辽盆地太东斜坡区葡萄花油层油水分布规律及主控因素

太东斜坡区为松辽盆地大庆长垣向三肇凹陷倾没的单倾斜坡.利用岩心、测井和地震等资料,研究葡萄花油层油藏类型和油水分布规律.结果表明:斜坡区油平面受4条近南北向"断层带"分割,具有东西分带特征,且受源外油源供给不足和油东西向运移影响,自东向西单一"断阶带"含油性逐级变差;油垂向分布受沉积演化和优势输导通道控制表现为"双峰"特征,主要分布在葡萄花油层中部;油藏类型主要为东南倾斜坡背景下的近南北向断层与北西向河道砂体匹配形成的断层—岩性油藏.在油水分布规律研究的基础上,结合单一圈闭内断层与单砂体匹配样式,提出源外斜坡区油聚集机制受构造部位、优质储层、断层封闭性和断层与砂体匹配样式控制,即单一"断阶带"高点控制油气聚集部位;浅水三角洲水下分流河道和河控席状砂构成油气优质储层;断层侧向封闭性影响油气垂向富集高度和平面"互补"特征;断层与单砂体匹配样式决定油气富集层位.     

中国北方酿酒葡萄气候适宜性区划

根据中国北方地区183个气象台站1971-2000年逐旬气象资料,结合北方六省区酿酒葡萄取样化验结果和其它区划指标,采用主导因子法以7～8月水热系数为一级区划指标,以7～9月≥10℃积温为二级区划指标,另外考虑了年≥10℃的活动积温、冬季1月份月平均气温,将中国北方酿酒葡萄适宜区划分为4级,即最优区、适宜区、次适宜区和不适宜区,利用MCAPS系统图形分析功能,制作了中国北方地区酿酒葡萄品质的气候适宜性区划图,提出各区域酿酒葡萄发展的限制气候因子和生产建议,为中国发展优质酿酒葡萄产业化发展和基地选择提供理论参考.     

Researches on the Internal Molecular Weight Uniformity of Chitosan Biomaterials

Uniform molecular weight(Mw)chitosan(CS)is highly demanded in medical biomaterial industry.This present article described heterogeneous degradation of CS in aqueous HCl/ethanol solution,in which progress uniform Mw CS was successfully prepared.The Mw distribution of CS was measured by gel permeation chromatography(GPC)analysis.Moreover,the structure and properties of degraded CS were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(^1H NMR),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and thermogravimetric(TG)analysis.In addition,the biocompatibility of degraded CS was also assessed by hemolysis rate(HR)measurement.The Mw of CS dramatically decreased from 246 KDa to 76 k Da at the initial 30 min,and stabilized at 18 kDa after 24 h.GPC analysis results showed that the degraded CS molecular become homogenization.FT-IR and 1 H NMR analysis confirmed the basic structure of CS molecular backbone was not destroyed during this progress.Besides,the water solubility of CS was not significantly influenced by this reaction.Moreover,the XRD analysis revealed that crystallinity of degraded CS increased from 70.32% to 99.25%with time.The TG analysis showed improved thermal stability of degraded CS.HR measurement demonstrated the degraded CS possessed excellent biocompatibility.This simple and efficient heterogeneous degradation would open up a new route to produce uniform Mw CS.