改进Mein-Larson模型的花岗岩残积土边坡降雨入渗研究

在我国发生的众多滑坡灾害中,最为突出的一个致灾因素是降雨。针对降雨诱发滑坡的研究一般是将边坡失稳的机制作为着手点,研究湿润锋向下发展的运移规律。针对Mein-Larson降雨入渗模型在模拟水分入渗过程中未充分考虑初始含水率分布的非线性这一不足,引入考虑初始含水率分布的非线性即指数分布进行土体含水率分布、土体累计入渗雨量的修正,并进行改进Mein-Larson降雨入渗模型的研究,通过试验验证了改进之后的降雨入渗模型的正确性与合理性。     

基于技术经济评价的取心钻进方法设计

提出了一种进行取心钻进设计的新方法,其特点是将技术经济学的思想引入钻探工程设计中,从而实现取心钻进方法的优选。该方法具有通用性,可用于任何钻探项目取心钻进方法的选择。在研究中,建立了评价取心钻进施工的技术经济评价指标体系;推导了钻进时间和成本的计算公式,并以一个5000m取心钻进项目的设计为例,对CCSD科钻一井的取心钻进方法进行了评价,证明由中国大陆科学钻探工程中心发明和研制成功的螺杆马达-液动锤-提钻取心法是一种高效、优质、低成本和安全的取心钻进方法。     

Spatial variations of dimethylsulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate in the surface microlayer and in the subsurface waters of the South China Sea during springtime

Spatial variations in dimethylsulfide (DMS) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) were surveyed in the surface microlayer and in the subsurface waters of the low productivity South China Sea in May 2005. Overall, average subsurface water concentrations of DMS and DMSP of dissolved (DMSPd) and particulate (DMSPp) fractions were 1.74 (1.00-2.50), 3.92 (2.21-6.54) and 6.06 (3.40-8.68) nM, respectively. No enrichment in DMS and DMSPp was observed in the microlayer. In contrast, the microlayer showed a DMSPd enrichment, with an average enrichment factor (EF, defined as the ratio of the microlayer concentration to subsurface water concentration) of 1.40. In the study area, none of the sulfur components were correlated with chlorophyll a. An important finding in this study was that DMS, DMSP and chlorophyll a concentrations in the surface microlayer were respectively correlated with those in the subsurface water, suggesting a close linkage between these two water bodies. The ratios of DMS:Chl-a and DMSPp:Chl-a showed a gradually increasing trend from North to South. This might be due to changes in the proportion of DMSP producers in the phytoplankton community with the increased surface seawater temperature. A clear diurnal variation in the DMS and DMSP concentrations was observed at an anchor station with the highest concentrations appearing during the day and the lowest concentrations during the night. The higher DMS and DMSP concentrations during daytime might be attributed to the light-induced increase in both algal synthesis and exudation of DMSP and biological production of DMS. The mean flux of DMS from the investigated area to the atmosphere was estimated to be 2.06 micromo lm(-2)d(-1). This low DMS emission flux, together with the low DMS surface concentrations was attributed to the low productivity in this sea.     

基于GIS与三维激光扫描的占建筑保护研究

以三维激光扫描点云数据作为基础数据,以河南大学明伦校区近代建筑群为研究对象,结合地理数据库和三维建模技术.建立了古建筑数据库.利用ArcGIS Engine二次开发平台,设计了基于GIS的古建筑数字化保护系统,并同时探讨了系统建立过程中的若干技术问题.研究结果说明.基于三维激光扫描和GIS的新技术手段,为古建筑的数字化保护带来了新的契机.     

基于自动匹配的高分辨率遥感影像校正方法

介绍了采用人工选点与计算机自动匹配选点相结合获取一定数量的地面控制点的方法,该方法满足了Thin plate spline校正模型校正的要求．解决了一些高分辨率遥感数据无法用传感器物理模型进行校正的问题。试验证明：在山区采用该方法比常规多项式校正更快捷而且校正效果更好,并具有很好的可操作性和实用性。     

土石坝GNSS监测水平位移与库水压荷载建模分析

为揭示水库水位变化与土石坝表面位移的关系并建立相应的模型,该文收集了茜坑水库主坝体上下游多个监测点近半年的GNSS监测数据,通过解算短基线获取了各测站毫米级精度水平位移序列。结合坝体结构和水库水位监测结果,分析了库水位变化产生的面板水压荷载变化与监测站水平位移变化序列之间的关系。基于两者正相关特征,推导了水压载荷与监测点水平位移变化间简化的线性模型,并利用实测数据和最小二乘方法估计了模型参数。拟合结果表明,该模型较好地反映了水库调水期间,监测点水平位移的趋势和规律。     

衰减补偿的黏弹性最小二乘逆时偏移

地震勘探是发现和认识油气藏的重要方法,随着国内油气勘探领域、勘探对象的日趋复杂化,油气勘探迫切需求地震成像的精准度、分辨率和保真度的大幅度提升.相比于常规逆时偏移方法,最小二乘逆时偏移成像有较少的伪像,成像振幅均衡,成像分辨率高.目前常用弹性最小二乘逆时偏移方法来对地下介质进行成像.但由于地下介质通常表现出黏弹性性质,...     

宁夏土壤电阻率时空分布观测试验

通过在宁夏地区选择3种典型的土质结构,分别设置了3种不同结构的防雷接地体,经过1年的对比观测,用回归方法来分析平均气温和土壤湿度变化对不同土壤电阻率和不同结构接地电阻的影响,说明不同土质结构在不同时间（或季节）内、不同的温湿度条件下,对土壤电阻率的影响和不同结构防雷接地体的变化特点和规律,从而提出了防雷接地体的敷设和结构性能最优要求。     

The HⅠ Gas Fraction Scaling Relation of the Green Pea Galaxies

Green Pea galaxies are compact galaxies with high star formation rates. However, limited samples of Green Pea galaxies have H I 21 cm measurements. Whether the H I gas fraction( fH I≡ MH I/M) of Green Pea galaxies follows the existing scaling relations between the fH Iand NUV-r color or linear combinations of color and other physical quantities needs checking. Using archival data of H I 21 cm observations, we investigate the scaling relation of the NUV-r color with the MH I/M