LANDSLIDE ANALYSIS IN TAIWAN

I.INTRODUCTIONForagrowingandprogressivesocietywitheconomicadvancement.Wehavetodoourbesttomanageintensivelyoursoilandwaterresources.Wehavetousethemforgenerationstocomeandthereforewemustprotectandimprovethematthesametime.TaiwanisanislandlocatedintheweSternPacificOcean,andhasanareaof36,000Km2.ItresemblesashapeoftobaccoleafandiscomPOsedoftwo-thirdsmountains.Theaverageannualrainfallisconcentrated70%ofitstotal2510nunintheperiodofMaytoSeptember,theothermonthsaremostlydry.Becauseoftheprecipi…     

Reefs in the Early Paleozoic Taebaek Group, Korea: A Review

Various early Paleozoic (Cambrian Series 3–Middle Ordovician) reefs are found in the Taebaek Group, eastern Korea, located in the eastern margin of the Sino-Korean Block. They occur in every carbonate-dominant lithostratigraphic unit of the group, but their morphology and composition differ markedly. The Daegi Formation (middle Cambrian: Cambrian Series 3) contains siliceous sponge-Epiphyton reefs formed in a shallow subtidal environment, which is one of the earliest metazoan-bearing microbial reefs after the archaeocyath extinction. The Hwajeol Formation (upper Cambrian: Furongian) encloses sporadic dendrolites consisting of Angulocellularia, which developed in a relatively deep subtidal environment, representing a rare deeper water example. The onset of the Ordovician radiation resulted in the formation of microbialite–Archaeoscyphia–calathiid patch reefs in shallow subtidal deposits of the Lower Ordovician Dumugol Formation. Subsequent late Early Ordovician relative sea-level fall established extensive peritidal environments, forming microbial mats and stromatolites of the Lower–Middle Ordovician Makgol Formation. Ensuing Ordovician radiation resulted in one of the earliest metazoan skeletal reefs of the Middle Ordovician Duwibong Formation, constructed by stromatoporoid Cystostroma and bryozoan Nicholsonella, and developed around shallow shoals. These reefs reflect ongoing evolution and sea-level change during the early Paleozoic, and exemplify a rare glimpse of peri-Gondwanan records of reef evolution, which warrant detailed investigations and comparison with their counterparts in other regions.     

台湾崩塌地调查研究方法综述

近年来，在经济的快速发展与人口不断增加的双重压力下，台湾平地开发已达饱和；而对于崩塌地之关注与研究，亦至少有三十几年的历史。本文首先针对崩塌地形成之种类与原因加以分类并探讨；其次，再就崩塌地传统地面之现场研究调查项目和结果分析加以说明；最后，则列举地理信息系统、遥感探测技术与航溯技术在崩塌地调查与研究上的应用。如何防止灾害的发生和避免生命财产的损失，以及防止自然灾害于未然，确立和应用此类调查研究方法，实为当务之急。     

新疆西昆仑库地混杂带中基性火山岩构造环境分析

库地北一些克沟基性火山岩是西昆仑库地蛇绿岩的重要组成单元之一，而有关其形成的构造环境仍存在很多争议，由此影响了对该蛇绿岩性质、形成和演化方面的深入认识。笔者在野外对一些克沟基性火山岩地质剖面进行了详细的观察，在综合前人研究资料的基础上，利用地球化学(主量、微量及稀土元素)及Sm／Nd同位素分析等数据对其构造背景进行了多种手段相结合的判别和分析，确定其形成的构造环境为洋内弧，从而为进一步确定库地蛇绿岩的形成环境提供了新的佐证。     

公元1430年前中国测绘美洲——《坤舆万国全图》探秘

定性与定量分析《坤舆万国全图》和同时期的欧洲绘世界地图:墨卡托(1569)、奥特里乌斯(1570)、墨卡托(1595)北极圈地图和普兰修斯(1594)地图,揭示《坤舆万国全图》内容并非采自欧洲地图.《坤舆万国全图》显示文艺复兴前的欧洲,而美洲一半的地名在同时期的欧洲绘地图上没有出现,部分是利玛窦去世至少200年后欧洲人才知道的地理.《坤舆万国全图》准确标示今日的加利福尼亚、雷尼尔山(雪山)、阿拉斯加的冰川峡湾(美湾)、安克拉治附近的水潮与北美最高峰迪纳利(水潮峰)纬度与地理特征完全符合,南美智利与秘鲁的经度比较正确.普兰修斯与墨卡托的地图严重错误和不确定.《坤舆万国全图》的中国地名地理不是利玛窦年代的,是公元1430年以前的,比哥伦布到达美洲早60年以上.传教士卫匡国1655年出版的《中国新地图集》不可能是他测绘,只能翻译中国原数据,说明明代中国有能力测绘大面积有准确经纬度和球形投影的地图.这两种地图证实中国的世界地理知识和地图学并非来自西方.《坤舆万国全图》证明中国明代大航海是世界地理大发现与地图学的先行者.     

Geohemical Interpretation on the Salt Deposits in Szechuan

正 I. INTRODUCTION Innumerable common salt deposits are found in the earth crust and they have been divided into five groups by A. W. Grabau [I]. Every one of them     

關於西域及西蜀之古氣候與古地理

西域一名,起自前漢。有廣狹二義,從廣義言,奄有今天山南北路及葱嶺外中央亞西亚、印度、高加索及黑海以北一帶之地。從狹義言,僅指天山、葱嶺及崑崙三山間之塔里木盆地是也。本文所論之西域,為狹義之西域,即今新彊省天山南路之塔里木盆地也。至題中不言四川而言西蜀,則因大部論證皆以川西為言故也。在未入正文之前,請先略述本文研究之經過。作者於二十八年五月隨氣象研究所遷北碚,是年秋冬。雨澤稀少。九月上半月且極燠熱,有似盛夏。同事薛君鐵虎(二十九年四月死難於民用輪)適任繪裂天氣圖事,就予叩其故。予初亦茫然,經數次商討後,遂引起研究四川天氣及氣候之興趣。二十九年初寫成‘控制四川雨量的三個主因’一文(註1),其中一个主因,予創其名为‘天漏’。此篇中國氣象上特有之新例。後根據此理引申之而有‘巴山夜雨’之作(註2)。‘天漏’之根據為西藏高原,高原面積之大,世無其匹,西蜀天氣一部分既受此大高原之影響,則此高原上之氣象情形,自為一極有興味之問题。予遂因此而有西藏高原上雨量與氣壓等之研究(註     

The Eafly Tediary Deposits of the Yuanchü Basin on the Honan-Shansi Border

Ⅰ.INTRODUCTION The early Tertiary deposits of Yuanchü,Shansi and of Mienchih,Honan were discovered in 1916 and restudied in 1921 by J.G.Andersson~1.     

Experiments With Clay on Shear Fractures

正 In view of theoretical as well as practical importance in geotectonicconsiderations of the angular relation between the shear fractures developedin rocks that have undergone more or less plastic deformation and theprincipal stresses called into play during such a deformation,it may be of