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991.
By the Volume of Fluid (VOF) rnultiphase flow model two-dimensional gravity currents with three phases including air are numerically simulated in this article. The necessity of consideration of turbulence effect for high Reynolds numbers is demonstrated quantitatively by LES (the Large Eddy Simulation) turbulence model. The gravity currents are simulated for h ≠ H as well as h= H, where h is the depth of the gravity current before the release and H is the depth of the in-truded fluid. Uprising of swell occurs when a current flows horizontally into another lighter one for h ≠ H. The problems under what condition the uprising of swell occurs and how long it takes are considered in this article. All the simulated results are in reasonable agreement with the experimental results available. 相似文献
992.
993.
The seasonal movement and jumping of subtropical high ridge line were simulated in the previous paper by using the two-dimensional zonal average model to consider the solar radiation heating. In this paper, the simulation is made by means of the same model considering water vapor condensation heating released from the rainfall belt north of subtropical high in addition to the solar radiation heating.The basic characteristics such as the northward seasonal jumping can still be simulated, and the condensation heating in the model can make the subtropical high ridge line move to the position a little further south than that without the condensation heating. Therefore, it may be realized that the basic characteristics of seasonal movement of subtropical high depend mainly on the solar radiation heating, but the meridional departure of ridge line from its normal latitude position is due to the feedback of drought-waterlogging in the precipitation area to the north of subtropical high. 相似文献
994.
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996.
997.
This paper presents new high-resolution proxies and paleoclimatic reconstructions for studying climate changes in China for the past 2000 years. Multi-proxy synthesized reconstructions show that temperature variation in China has exhibited significant 50–70-yr, 100–120-yr, and 200–250-yr cycles. Results also show that the amplitudes of decadal and centennial temperature variation were 1.3℃ and 0.7℃, respectively, with the latter significantly correlated with long-term changes in solar radiation, especially cold periods, which correspond approximately to sunspot minima. The most rapid warming in China occurred over AD 1870–2000, at a rate of 0.56°± 0.42℃(100 yr)~(-1); however, temperatures recorded in the 20 th century may not be unprecedented for the last 2000 years, as data show records for the periods AD 981–1100 and AD1201–70 are comparable to the present. The ensemble means of dryness/wetness spatial patterns in eastern China across all centennial warm periods illustrate a tripole pattern: dry south of 25°N, wet from 25°–30°N, and dry to the north of 30°N. However, for all centennial cold periods, this spatial pattern also exhibits a meridional distribution. The increase in precipitation over the monsoonal regions of China associated with the 20 th century warming can primarily be attributed to a mega El Nino–Southern Oscillation and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. In addition, a significant association between increasing numbers of locusts and dry/cold conditions is found in eastern China. Plague intensity also generally increases in concert with wetness in northern China, while more precipitation is likely to have a negative effect in southern China. 相似文献
998.
结合南四湖下级湖抬高蓄水位影响项目中1∶2 000 DOM生产实际情况,介绍了ADS80航空摄影测量系统的优势和DOM生产的自动化软件EPT,详细阐述了基于EPT的数字正射影像的快速制作方法以及涉及的关键技术.试验结果表明,ADS80数据和EPT软件都能提高生产DOM的效率. 相似文献
999.
Horizontal wind measured by wind profiling radar (WPR) is based on uniform wind
assumption in volume of lateral beam. However, this assumption cannot completely meet in the
real atmosphere. The subject of this work is to analyze the influence of atmospheric
inhomogeneities for wind measurement. Five-beam WPR can measure two groups of horizontal wind
components U and V independently, using the difference of horizontal wind components U and V
can evaluate the influence of the inhomogeneity of the atmospheric motion on wind measurement.
The influences can be divided into both inhomogeneous distribution of horizontal motion and
vertical motion. Based on wind measurements and meteorological background information, a new
means of coordinate rotation the two kinds of inhomogeneous factor was separated, and the
impact in different weather background was discussed. From analysis of the wind measured by
type of PB-II WPR (445MHz) during 2012 at Yanqing of Beijing, it is shown that the
inhomogeneity of horizontal motion is nearly the same in U and V direction. Both the
inhomogeneities of horizontal motion and vertical motion have influence on wind measurement,
and the degrees of both influences are associated with changes of wind speed. In clear air,
inhomogeneity of horizontal motion is the main influence on wind measurement because of small
vertical velocity. In precipitation, the two influences are larger than that in clear air. 相似文献
1000.
利用青藏高原北麓河观测站(退化高寒草甸)和玛曲观测站(高寒草原)2014年地面观测资料,通过组合分类法,对比分析了两类下垫面生长季土壤含水量、水汽压差和净辐射对地表能量分配的直接影响和间接影响,并且利用路径分析法研究了影响地表能量分配的关键气候因子。结果表明:北麓河站和玛曲站潜热占比(潜热通量与地表可利用能量的比值)对土壤含水量的响应分别处于土壤水分抑制阶段和能量抑制阶段。其中,北麓河站潜热占比在水汽压差较大时随土壤含水量增长较快,受净辐射的影响较小;而玛曲站潜热占比随土壤含水量的变化趋势受水汽压差和净辐射的影响均较小。北麓河站潜热占比随水汽压差的增大先减小后趋于不变,并且潜热占比对水汽压差的敏感性随土壤含水量的增大而减小;而玛曲站潜热占比随水汽压差的增大先增大后趋于不变,几乎不受土壤含水量和净辐射的影响。北麓河站和玛曲站潜热占比均随净辐射的增大趋于稳定,其稳定值分别与土壤含水量和水汽压差有关。路径分析结果显示,降水是影响北麓河站潜热占比的主要气候因子,而气温是影响玛曲站潜热占比的主要气候因子。 相似文献