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41.
布鲁斯台辉长岩位于中天山南缘缝合带中段古洛沟蛇绿岩以北30km,是该带上出露的为数不多的较大的基性侵入岩体。辉长岩主要由斜长石(35%~45%)、单斜辉石(20%~25%)和角闪石(30%~35%)组成,角闪石主要为交代辉石后的产物。岩石化学成分显示,辉长岩具有高Al2O3(15.43%~23.20%)和CaO(12.96%~14.48%),低碱K2O(0.13%~0.19%)、Na2O(1.47%~3.00%)、P2O5(0.03%~0.07%)和TiO2(0.34%~0.61%)的特征。辉长岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式与E-MORB相似,但ΣREE低(12.91×10-6~23.14×10-6),微量元素具有Ba、U、K、Sr等LILE富集和Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th等HFSE亏损的特点。锆石原位εHf(t)值为+9.7~+15.0。上述特征反映辉长岩形成的构造背景为活动大陆边缘,源区为受俯冲流体影响的亏损地幔橄榄岩,且在上升的过程中未遭受地壳的明显混染。La、Sm、Yb判别图解显示岩石可能是亏损的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩发生5%~10%的部分熔融的产物。锆石LA-ICP-MS测年表明,辉长岩形成年龄为316.8±2.1Ma(MSWD=3.4,n=36)。结合区域地质、年代学和地球化学的资料,我们提出至少在晚石炭世,南天山洋还存在洋内和洋陆俯冲事件,南天山洋闭合的时间可能在更晚的早二叠世,而不是志留纪或者早泥盆世。 相似文献
42.
DING Guoan CHAN Chuenyu GAO Zhiqiu YAO Wenqing LI Yoksheung CHENG Xinghong MENG Zhaoyang YU Haiqing WONG Kamhang WANG Shufeng MIAO Qiuju 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(Z2)
The vertical structures and their dynamical character of PM2.5 and PM10 over Beijing urban areas are revealed using the 1 min mean continuous mass concentration data of PM2.5 and PM10 at 8, 100, and 320 m heights of the meteorological observation tower of 325 m at Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAP CAS tower hereafter) on 10―26 August, 2003, as well as the daily mean mass concentration data of PM2.5 and PM10 and the continuous data of CO and NO2 at 8, 100 (low layer), 200 (middle layer), and 320 m (high layer) heights, in combination with the same period meteorological field observation data of the meteorological tower. The vertical distributions of aerosols observed on IAP CAS tower in Beijing can be roughly divided into two patterns: gradually and rapidly decreasing patterns, I.e. The vertical distribution of aerosols in calm weather or on pollution day belongs to the gradually decreasing pattern, while one on clean day or weak cold air day belongs to the rapidly decreasing pattern. The vertical distributive characters of aerosols were closely related with the dynamical/thermal structure and turbulence character of the atmosphere boundary layer. On the clean day, the low layer PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were close to those at 8 m height, while the concentrations rapidly decreased at the high layer, and their values were only one half of those at 8 m, especially, the concentration of PM2.5 dropped even more. On the clean day, there existed stronger turbulence below 150 m, aerosols were well mixed, but blocked by the more stronger inversion layer aloft, and meanwhile, at various heights, especially in the high layer, the horizontal wind speed was larger, resulting in the rapid decrease of aerosol concentration, I.e. Resulting in the obvious vertical difference of aerosol concentrations between the low and high layers. On the pollution day, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 at the low, middle, and high layers dropped successively by, on average, about 10% for each layer in comparison with those at 8 m height. On pollution days, in company with the low wind speed, there existed two shallow inversion layers in the boundary layer, but aerosols might be, to some extent, mixed below the inversion layer, therefore, on the pollution day the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 dropped with height slowly; and the observational results also show that the concentrations at 320 m height were obviously high under SW and SE winds, but at other heights, the concentrations were not correlated with wind directions. The computational results of footprint analysis suggest that this was due to the fact that the 320 m height was impacted by the pollutants transfer of southerly flow from the southern peripheral heavier polluted areas, such as Baoding, and Shijiazhuang of Hebei Province, Tianjin, and Shandong Province, etc., while the low layer was only affected by Beijing's local pollution source. The computational results of power spectra and periods preliminarily reveal that under the condition of calm weather, the periods of PM10 concentration at various heights of the tower were on the order of minutes, while in cases of larger wind speed, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 at 320 m height not only had the short periods of minute-order, but also the longer periods of hour order. Consistent with the conclusion previously drawn by Ding et al., that air pollutants at different heights and at different sites in Beijing had the character of "in-phase" variation, was also observed for the diurnal variation and mean diurnal variation of PM2.5 and PM10 at various heights of the tower in this experiment, again confirming the "in-phase" temporal/spatial distributive character of air pollutants in the urban canopy of Beijing. The gentle double-peak character of the mean diurnal variation of PM2.5 and PM10 was closely related with the evident/similar diurnal variation of turbulent momentum fluxes, sensible heat fluxes, and turbulent kinetic energy at various heights in the urban canopy. Besides, under the condition of calm weather, the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 declined with height slowly, it was 90% of 8 m concentration at the low layer, a little lesser than 90% at the middle layer, and 80% at the high layer, respectively. Under the condition of weak cold air weather, the concentration remarkably dropped with height, it was 70% of 8 m concentration at the low layer, and 20%―30% at the middle and high layers, especially the concentration of PM2.5 was even lower. 相似文献
43.
针对2008年1月至2011年12月发生在新疆北天山西段的地震事件,分析新源、温泉和巴仑台3个台站记录到的波形资料,采取尾波归一化方法,计算出P、S波在多个频率点f的衰减系数Q-1P、Q-1S,利用最小二乘法拟合得到Q-1=Q0fη,得到该区域P波衰减系数和S波衰减系数。结果表明,新源研究区关于P波、S波的衰减指数为-0.982 1、-0.978 1;温泉研究区关于P波、S波的衰减指数为-1.049 7、-0.773 8;巴仑台研究区关于P波、S波的衰减指数为-0.870 0、-0.956 8。与中国云南地区关于P波、S波衰减结果相比,新源研究区域与云南的禄劝研究区地下介质衰减特性比较一致。 相似文献
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47.
实时GPS卫星钟差的可靠性预报是GPS实现实时精密单点定位的关键技术之一。传统的GM(1,1)模型不能及时更新新息数据,致使计算结果精度较差。本文首先介绍了常用的几个钟差模型,并利用新陈代谢GM(1,1)模型,与常用的二次多项式模型进行了对比。通过自编程序,依据某一IGS跟踪站实测的精密卫星星历数据,进行了实时的GPS卫星钟差预报,并与IGS事后精密钟差进行了比较。实验结果表明,基于该新陈代谢GM(1,1)模型估计的卫星钟差与IGS发布的最终精密钟差具有较好的有效性和一致性,这为实时GPS动态精密单点定位提供较高精度的卫星钟差产品。 相似文献
48.
传统的离散型贝叶斯网络分类器是将所有变量视为离散变量,或对连续变量做离散化处理.可是离散化不可避免地存在信息损失,且在多源遥感数据的处理和分析中,连续变量的离散化会导致搜索空间的急剧增加和计算及存储量的极大开销.针对这些问题,开发了一种面向土地利用分类的多源遥感数据混合贝叶斯网络分类器,该分类器首先对问题领域的所有变量... 相似文献
49.
太湖地区农业源污染核算研究进展 总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2
太湖地区水体污染严重,控制太湖污染、改善太湖水质,对发挥太湖的综合服务功能,促进全流域经济可持续发展和社会稳定具有重要的战略意义.充分把握和核算太湖地区农业源污染排放量、入河量及其时空分布是落实太湖地区污染物科学减排从而进一步改善太湖水质的基础.本研究总结和概述了太湖地区农业源污染现有的核算方法、产排污参数、控制途径等,结合太湖地区农业源污染构成、排放与布局的复杂情况,提出综合运用各种核算研究方法,充分考虑各污染来源,确定农业源污染的产污量、排污量和入河量,并通过建立分期、分区、细分类型的农业源污染排放、入河参数,为科学确定农业源污染减排指标以及制定减排措施提供依据. 相似文献
50.
从地球系统的观点看气候突变 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
在地球的气候史中,经历了许多次气候突变事件。这些突变对地球表层系统的演变与进化产生了巨大影响。随着全球气候变暖的持续发展,人类赖以生存的气候环境正在经历重大变化。如何科学地理解和认识这些变化,尤其是气候突变。是人类寻求对策,应对气候变化,保护自己持续发展的科学基础。文中从地球系统的角度对气候突变的科学问题进行了探讨,认为对气候突变的研究不应仅局限于大气圈,而应该对地球系统的整体变化进行研究。 相似文献