福建北部沿岸与台湾北面海域的水化学特性

根据１９８８年夏季台湾海峡海域的调查资料讨论福建北部沿岸和台湾北面海域水化学的区域性特征。结果表明，福建沿岸上升流是西部海域诸化学要素分布的控制因素，台湾北面海域（２５′５０′－２６°４０′Ｎ，１２１°４５′－１２２°３０′Ｅ）水体下层出现局部冷水抬升，福建沿岸和台湾北面海域都具有低溶解氧且不饱和，高营养盐、低温，高盐的特征、溶解氧，诸营养盐与温度、盐度分别有良好的相关关系。     

红海及亚丁湾间之海水交换

分析表观耗氧量、滴定碱度及总二氧化碳量等资料来研判红海及亚丁湾间之海水交换。结果显示，红海深层水的方解石及霰石饱和度均比亚丁湾和阿拉伯海深层水的饱和度高。红海全水柱之方解石和霰石都处於过饱和状态，亚丁湾和阿拉伯海中各深度之方解石亦呈过饱和状态，但霰石的饱和深度则大约在５００ｍ左右。分析深层水之生物体无机碳与有机碳的分解比值，可以发现此地区深层水中，大约在２５％的总二氧化碳增加量是由无机碳酸钙溶解而     

台湾海峡上升流区夏季溶解氧的特征

本文根据1983—1984年,1987—1988年台湾海峡中北部海域调查资料,着重讨论了该海域夏季溶解氧分布特征及其与上升流、生物活动的关系。该上升流区温度、盐度、溶解氧含量及其饱和度的特征值分别为24.4℃,34.3,4.49mlO_2/L和93％。溶解氧含量及其饱和度与温度呈正相关关系,与盐度呈负相关关系。     

台湾海峡(北部)多毛类生态的初步研究

本文主要根据我们于1983年5月—1984年5月在台湾海峡(北起闽江口,南至金门岛,东到121°E)底栖生物调查的资料,对该海域底栖多毛类的种类组成、数量分布及其与环境的关系进行了比较详细的分析研究。我们共鉴定43科201种多毛类,对其中的132种在我国不同海域的分布进行了比较;全年平均生物量和栖息密度分别为2.1g/m~2和38个/m~2。闽江入海径流对本海域的多毛类分布有一定的影响。     

从“海利“号案看我国对领海外的海域污染损害的管辖权

一、“海利”号案提出了我国是否有管辖权的问题 1984年5月11日,自天津驶往曼谷的巴拿马籍货船“海利(Sea Carrier)”号(船东为香港东方航务有限公司),在温州市南麂列岛东南25海里处(北纬27°、东经121°13′,为我国领海外部界限以外的海域)与山东省海运公司货船“金线泉”号在大雾中碰撞,“金线泉”号船首受损,“海利”号沉没。“海利”号载有自用燃料油176吨、柴油66吨、润滑油3640公升。在风向、海流和潮汐的作用下,溢出的油类逐渐扩散,污染了南麂渔场和南麂列岛养殖场所。此外,沉船还载有苯酚11.135吨,硫化钠51.34吨,氯化铵80.48吨和其他化学     

我国近海沉积层地震速度特征

我国近海纵向上发育了新生界、中生界碎屑岩和古生界沉积地层。在分析整理收集到的地层速度资料的基础上,分析了地层速度的变化规律:沉积层地震速度随地层的埋深增加而增加,新地层速度低、老地层速度高;欠压实地层的砂岩速度与泥岩速度基本相当或低于泥岩速度,正常地层的砂岩速度大于泥岩速度;砂岩储层的速度随孔隙度的增加而降低,流体成分的变化对速度的影响不大。     

Residues of 14C-4n-nonylphenol in mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) oocytes and embryos during dietary exposure of mature females to this xenohormone

In order to assess in fish the maternal transfer of alkylphenolic compounds to the progeny, the identification and quantification of the labelled compounds present in oocytes and embryos was conducted after dietary exposure of mature female mosquitofish to 14C-4n-nonylphenol during vitellogenesis and embryogenesis respectively. Radioactivity found in bile and liver extracts accounted for 0.9-0.6 and 0.2-0.1% of ingested radioactivity for females exposed during vitellogenesis and embryogenesis respectively. The amount of extractable radioactivity present in oocytes and embryos was 0.19 and 0.07% of the ingested dose respectively. The radio-HPLC profiles obtained from bile, liver, oocyte and embryo extracts were similar. They showed the presence of 4n-NP-glucuronide as the major metabolite and traces of unchanged 4n-NP. The other metabolites corresponded to 8-hydroxynonylphenol, 9-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-nonanoic acid and para-hydroxybenzoic acid which is the final product of the alkyl chain oxidation. Our results indicate that exposure of ovoviviparous female fish to 4-NP during vitellogenesis and embryogenesis leads to the contamination of the progeny by 4-NP and its metabolites.     

Upper temperature tolerances of exotic brackish-water mussel, Mytilopsis leucophaeata (Conrad): an experimental study

The dark false mussel, Mytilopsis leucophaeata is an important mussel colonising the brackish-water systems of temperate and subtropical regions. Of late it has earned notoriety as a biofouling species in industrial cooling water systems. However, there are no published data on the temperature tolerance of this species. This paper presents data on the upper temperature tolerance of this mussel from the view point of biofouling control using thermal methods. In addition to mortality, response of physiological activities such as oxygen consumption, filtration rate, foot activity and byssus thread production were also studied at temperatures varying from 5 to 35 degrees C. Experiments were also carried out to understand the effect of mussel size, breeding condition, nutritional status and acclimation conditions (temperature and salinity) on the mortality pattern. The physiological activities were significantly reduced at temperatures beyond 27.5 degrees C and ceased at 35 degrees C. In 20 mm size group mussels exposed to 37 degrees C, 50% mortality was observed after 85 min and 100% mortality after 113 min. The effect of mussel size on mortality at different temperatures was significant, with the larger size group mussels showing greater resistance. M. leucophaeata collected during the non-breeding season (December-April) were more tolerant to temperature than those collected during the breeding season (June-October). Nutritional status of the mussel had no significant influence on the thermal tolerance of the mussel: fed and starved (non-fed) mussels succumbed to temperature at comparable rates. The effect of acclimation temperature and acclimation salinity on M. leucophaeata mortality at different temperatures was significant. Survival time increased with increasing acclimation temperature and decreased with increasing salinity. In comparison with other co-occurring species such as Mytilus edulis and Dreissena polymorpha, M. leucophaeata appears to be more tolerant to high temperature stress.