冲绳海槽浮岩的高温高压纵波速度

对采自冲绳海槽中部海底的浮岩样品和邻近陆地樱岛火山的安山岩样品进行了温度 (常温 - 15 0 0℃ )与压力 (常压 - 2 .4 GPa)实验 ,测得在较低温度 -压力条件下 (<1GPa,<80 0℃ )浮岩样品的纵波速度小于安山岩样品的纵波速度 ,在较高温度 -压力条件下 (>1GPa,>80 0℃ )二者的纵波速度接近一致 (5 .9km /s)。 1GPa/80 0℃是浮岩样品和安山岩样品的热动力相变点 ,推测该点的深度大于 18km。     

农用地分等定级中标准耕作制度的确定

标准耕作制度的确定是农用地分等定级的基础性工作。该文提出了标准耕作制度的定义 ,探讨了标准耕作制度的确定原则和确定方法 ,并以黄淮海为例作了实例分析     

基于随机森林模型的中国流动人口社会融合空间差异及影响因素

基于2017年流动人口动态监测数据,采用探索性空间数据分析和随机森林回归方法,分析中国289个地级及以上城市流动人口社会融合的空间分异及影响因素.结果 表明:①中国城市流动人口社会融合整体水平较低,空间分布地带性特征不明显;特大、超大城市流动人口社会融合分别以较低、中等水平为主,省会城市、直辖市流动人口社会融合分别以较低、中等水平为主,其余城市多数为中等水平;城市社会融合空间分布格局表现为以峰值为中心向外圈层递减和以低值为中心向外圈层递增的特征.②随机森林模型的拟合度和回归精度比多元线性回归更高,能够更好地解释流动人口社会融合的非线性影响机制.③个人教育水平、家属是否随同、流入城市经济结构、流动人口的户口类型、流入城市公共设施以及流动人口在流入地居留时间依次为六大重要影响因子,它们对流动人口社会融合的作用呈现复杂性和非线性.④需要根据影响因子在不同阈值内的作用方式,有针对性地对流动人口及流入城市进行管理和调控.     

我国地理教育研究热点年度盘点与前瞻——基于2020年《复印报刊资料·中学历史、地理教与学》转载地理教育论文的分析

通过对2020年《复印报刊资料·中学历史、地理教与学》全文转载地理教育论文的栏目分布情况、源杂志转载量和主要内容等方面进行分析,可看出近年我国地理教育研究热点包括国际地理教育进展、地理教科书的编写与历史、地理教学的设计与实施、地理教育测量与评价、地理教师发展等方面。未来地理教育研究需要关注高中地理选择性必修教科书的探讨、地理概念体系的构建、地理思维的培养、安全教育实施的途径、地理教学质量和教师专业发展的评价等方面。     

澳大利亚上空COSMIC掩星廓线的反演

基于几何光学反演方法,由附加相住延迟序列出发,对2007年6月6日发生在澳大利亚上空的一次COSMIC掩星事件进行了反演.将反演得到的折射角、折射率、干温与湿度廓线分别与COSMIC数据分析与管理中心(COSMIC data analysis and archive center,CDAAC)的相应产品进行了比较.结果表明,两者在低对流层存在较显著的差异.以距离该掩星地点300 km以内、观测时间差异2 h以内的无线电探空资料为参照,反演的折射率廓线与CDAAC的折射率廓线在低对流层都存在一定的误差.对于该掩星事件,CDAAC通过变分法反演的湿度廓线并不比本文的反演结果更接近探空廓线;在1 km以下,其变化趋势甚至与探空结果相矛盾.     

Determination of Platinum‐Group Elements in OPY‐1: Comparison of Results using Different Digestion Techniques

A new proficiency testing sample, OPY‐1 (ultramafic rock), the basis of the twentieth international proficiency test of analytical geochemistry laboratories (GeoPT 20), was recently prepared by the International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG). This paper reports analytical data for Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt and Pd with different digestion techniques, including an improved Carius tube, Carius tube combined with HF dissolution and alkaline fusion. About 4–15% of the PGEs are in the silicate phase, which cannot be leached by aqua regia even when digested at 300 °C with the Carius tube technique. Both the Carius tube technique combined with HF dissolution and alkaline fusion can obtain reliable data. The results demonstrated that OPY‐1 is sufficiently homogeneous at a 2 g test portion level to be suitable as a reference material for method validation. The procedure for sealing the Carius tube was simplified and the recommended digestion procedures are provided.     

Investigation of Curie Point Depth in Sulu Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Belt,Eastern China

The Curie point depth of continental crust can reflect the regional tectonic pattern and geothermal structures. Analysis of magnetism is an efficient way to obtain the Curie point depth on a regional scale. This study systematically investigated the Curie point depth of Sulu (苏鲁) ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt (33°40'N to 36°20'N and 118°E to 120°E, ca. 60 000 km2), eastern China using aeromagnetic data. The results show that the Curie point depth of the Sniu region varies from 18.5 to 27 kin. The shallowest Curie point depth (ca. 18.5 km) is located in Subei (苏北) subsidence, where the estimated temperature gradient value is about 31.35℃/kin, which is comparable with the measured value of 30℃/krn. In addition, a two-dimensional numerical solution of the heat conduction was used to calculate the temperature field to a depth of 30 km along the profile from Tancheng (郯城) to Lianshui (涟水) with a length of 139 km. The steady state model solved using the finite element method shows that the temperature around the Curie point depth is about 585.36℃, which is close to the Curie temperature (580 ℃) of magnetite at atmospheric pressure. These results provide new insights into the tectonic and continuous thermal structures of the Sulu UHP metamorphic belt.     

Creep Damage Characteristics of Soft Rock under Disturbance Loads

This article focuses on the process of rock creep damage and micro-damage evolution properties of gray green mudstone under impacting disturbance load conditions for the first time using the real time computerized tomography (CT) testing technique. The results indicate that axial load comes into limit strength neighborhood, rock micro-crack links into larger crack, creep rate increases in a short time, larger plastic deformation happens; this is called disturbance accelerating creep stage. When rock is within limit strength neighborhood, there occurs creep micro-damage under smaller disturbance load. When disturbance load is larger, rock directly enters into disturbance accelerating creep stage, failure occurs instantaneously. On the basis of experimental research, the CT scanning method was used to describe the creep micro-damage of soft rock, also helpful in the prediction of roadways' service life and evaluation of geotechnicai engineering stability.     

敦煌绿洲边缘植物群落与土壤养分互馈关系

植物群落与土壤性状相互作用研究对于认识生态系统结构与功能有着重要的意义。通过对敦煌绿洲边缘典型植物群落21个样地（20m×20m）的植被和土壤系统取样调查,在分析植物群落及其土壤养分特征的基础上,采用CCA典范对应分析法研究了土壤养分对植物群落物种分布的影响。结果表明：调查区域植被群落共出现植物27种,隶属于15科,26属,以藜科（Chenopodiaceae）植物居多,占总物种数的29.6%。柽柳（Tamarix chinensis）群落的物种丰富度最大,胡杨（Populus euphratica）群落的物种丰富度最小。植被0~80 cm土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量排序为柽柳>黑果枸杞（Lycium ruthenicum） > 梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron） > 沙拐枣（Calligonum mongolicum）,全磷、全盐、速效氮含量排序为柽柳 > 黑果枸杞 > 沙拐枣 > 梭梭,全钾含量排序为黑果枸杞 > 柽柳 > 梭梭 > 沙拐枣,pH值排序为梭梭 > 沙拐枣 > 黑果枸杞 > 柽柳。不同植被覆盖各养分指标之间差异显著。随土层深度的增加,柽柳和黑果枸杞群落土壤全氮、有机质、全盐、速效氮、速效钾含量逐渐降低,表聚效应明显,土壤全磷、全钾、速效磷含量逐渐增大后减小,梭梭与沙拐枣养分层次特征不明显。4种植被群落土壤pH值随土层深度的增大呈波动的趋势。CCA排序结果表明植被群落物种分布的土壤环境调控因子重要性排序为全氮 > pH > 全钾,土壤全氮是植物群落物种分布的最重要调控因子。