Geologische Grundzüge der Dinariden

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Die Eisverhältnisse des Winters 1951/52 an den deutschen Küsten zwischen Ems und Trave

Zusammenfassung Der Winter 1951/52 war ein eisarmer Winter. Es traten drei Kälteperioden auf, von denen allein die beiden ersten Eis brachten. Im Nordseebereich wurden nur die Zuflüsse und Teile der inneren Wattengebiete, im Ostseebereich die Schlei, Kieler Förde und Trave für kurze Zeit mit leichten Eisarten bedeckt.

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Ice conditions on the German coasts between the rivers Ems and Trave during the winter 1951/52

Summary Ice formation in winter 1951/52 was insignificant. There were three cold periods of which only the first two gave rise to formation of ice. Within the region of the North Sea only the rivers and some parts of the inner tidal flats and within the region of the Baltic the Schlei, the Kiel Fjord and the river Trave were covered with thin ice for a short time.

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Rapport sur les conditions des glaces sur les côtes allemandes entre l'Ems et le Trave pendant l'hiver 1951/52

Résumé La formation de glaces pendant l'hiver 1951/52 était insignifiante. Il y avait trois périodes d'air froid dont seulement les premières deux donnaient lieu à la formation de glaces. Sur la côte de la mer du Nord les affluents et quelques régions à l'intérieur des bas-fonds et sur la côte orientale du Schleswig-Holstein le Schlei, le fiord de Kiel et le Trave ne furent couverts que pour une courte durée de glaces minces.

     

Über den Bau des pazifischen Gebietes

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Über Zerrungsformen

Zusammenfassung In miozänen Ablagerungen bei Uslar (Solling) sind bei Rutschungen zur Diluvialzeit am Schräghang prächtige Zerrungsgebilde in den Abrißzonen entstanden. Unter diesen lassen sich drei Grundtypen unterscheiden: der einfache Schrägsprung, der y-Graben, die x-Form.Ganz entsprechende Formen zeigen sich häufiger in der Klein- und Großtektonik Saxoniens, die Analogie zwingt, diese ebenfalls als reine Zerrungsformen anzusprechen. Andere Gebilde Saxoniens, deren Großbau deutlich den genannten Grundformen im Prinzip entspricht, die daneben aber auch Pressungserscheinungen aufweisen, sind als gepreßte Zerrungsgebilde anzusehen.Vortrag, gehalten auf der Hauptversammlung der Geologischen Vereinigung in Frankfurt a. M. am 4. Januar 1931.     

IV. Stratigraphie Die fazielle Einstufung fossilführender Sedimente

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Über einige Methoden der «sekundären» gravimetrischen Auswertung

Summary After definitions is given an interpolation-like residual method. —It is pointed out the usual disjoining in two parts of the Bouguer-map to be unsatisfactory; in general is the whole «spectrum» to disjoin in several parts from the «noise» to the «regional». — There are someg _zz (andg _z) methods represented; in this way of representation are the methods without examples direct comparable.     

Intercomparison of Two Hydroxyl Radical Measurement Techniques at the Atmosphere Simulation Chamber SAPHIR

At the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR in Jülich both Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy (LIF) and Long-Path Differential Optical Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) are operational for the detection of OH radicals at tropospheric levels. The two different spectroscopic techniques were compared within the controlled environment of SAPHIR based on all simultaneous measurements acquired in 2003 (13 days). Hydroxyl radicals were scavenged by added CO during four of these days in order to experimentally check the calculated precisions at the detection limit. LIF measurements have a higher precision (σ= 0.88×10⁶ cm^–3) and better time resolution (Δt = 60 s), but the DOAS method (σ= 1.24×10⁶ cm^–3, Δt = 135 s) is regarded as primary standard for comparisons because of its good accuracy. A high correlation coefficient of r = 0.95 was found for the whole data set highlighting the advantage of using a simulation chamber. The data set consists of two groups. The first one includes 3 days, where the LIF measurements yield (1 – 2) ×10⁶ cm^–3 higher OH concentrations than observed by the DOAS instrument. The experimental conditions during these days are characterized by increased NO_x concentration and a small dynamic range in OH. Excellent agreement is found within the other group of 6 days. The regression to the combined data of this large group yields unity slope without a significant offset.     

Analysis of Low-Frequency Turbulence Above Tall Vegetation Using a Doppler Sodar

This study applies acoustic sounding to observe coherent structures in the roughness sublayer (RSL) above tall vegetated surfaces. Data were collected on 22 days during two separate field experiments in summer 2003. A quality control scheme was developed to ensure high data quality of the collected time series. The data analysis was done using both discrete and continuous wavelet transform. The flow in the RSL was found to be a superposition of dynamic Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities and convective mixing. The characteristic time scales for coherent structures resulting from the dynamic instabilities were observed to be approximately 20–30 s while thermal eddies have much larger time scales of 190–210 s. The degree of vertical coherency in the RSL increases with the flow evolving from neutral to near-convective conditions. This increase in the degree of organisation is attributed to the evolution of attached thermal eddies. The coherent structures resulting from instabilities were found to be present throughout the RSL but do not contribute to the increased vertical coherency. An alternative conceptual approach for the definition of the RSL is proposed, which yields its maximum vertical extent to five times the canopy height.