两株南极枝孢霉属真菌Cladosporium sp.NJF4和NJF6的次级代谢产物研究

南极因其独特的自然环境成为潜在、重要的微生物资源库,是产生新型生物活性物质和先导化合物菌株的潜在种源地,南极微生物正在成为创新药物研究新的重要资源。虽然近年来对南极微生物次级代谢产物的研究逐渐增加,但与温带和热带微生物研究相比仍处于初级阶段。对从南极普里兹湾海洋沉积物中获得的两株枝孢霉属真菌Cladosporium sp. NJF4和NJF6进行次级代谢产物分离及结构鉴定,获得20个化合物。化合物结构类型包括甾醇(1)、倍半萜类(7—8)、生物碱类(9—14)、二酮哌嗪(2—5、15—17)、芳香酸(6、18—19)等,其中倍半萜类(7—8)为首次从枝孢霉属真菌中分离得到,以上研究将为丰富南极微生物次级代谢产物库奠定一定的研究基础。     

稳定氯同位素在地球科学研究中的进展

本世纪初到八十年代中期由于氯同位素的测试精度很低（＞１．０‰）导致氯同位素地球科学研究未获得任何进展。１９８４年Ｋａｕｆｍａｎｎ等人建立测试精度高达±０．２４‰的方法，并且首次发现了氯同位素在自然界的变异。在此以后氯同位素的测试精度不断提高，各国学者相继对海水、温泉、火山湖水、油田卤水、地下水盐湖、冰雪、环太平洋的斑岩铜矿和美国密西西比型铅锌矿床造岩矿物和造矿矿物流质包裹体中氯同位素进行了测定并对其中氯同位素的分布规律做了比较深入的研究。在此基础上对各类水体及矿床的成因与物质来源进行了有益的探索，另外还以自然界氯同位素产生分馏的原因及机理做了初步的研究。     

模拟增温和改变降雨频率对干旱半干旱区土壤呼吸的影响

温度和降水是干旱半干旱区土壤呼吸的重要扰动因子,全球气候变化导致的未来干旱半干旱区增温和降水变率增大对土壤呼吸有着重要影响.研究通过人工设置P16×2.5mm、P8×5mm、P4×10mm、P2×20mm、P1×40mm的降雨频率梯度和增温2℃左右的控制试验,探讨不同降雨频率和增温处理对干旱半干旱区土壤呼吸的影响,以及...     

同步轨道相对论电子通量长期倒空事件的统计研究

地球辐射带中有"杀手"电子之称的相对论电子通量增强和损失过程一直是空间物理学和空间天气学研究的热点.本文通过对20002016年间,地球同步轨道相对论电子通量降低至背景通量水平并持续时间长达3天以上这一特殊现象进行了相关统计研究.从事件的时间分布角度,本文研究了约1.5个太阳活动周内共62例事件随太阳活动水平高低的分布...     

基于倾向得分匹配方法的中国自然保护区缓解人类活动压力评估

科学地评估自然保护区缓解人类活动压力的效果,对于有效的自然保护至关重要.目前中国国家尺度下的这方面研究,仅将保护区内、外的人类活动压力进行对比,其缺陷是样本选择性偏差会导致评估结果的不合理.本文选择了倾向得分匹配(Propensity Score Matching)方法来克服保护区评价中的样本选择性偏差问题.首先耦合多...     

大型建筑设施物联网应用的探索

经过近30年的发展,我国桥梁健康监测系统研究与应用取得了可喜的进步,越来越多的大型桥梁开展自动化监测系统建设工作.然而目前部分监测系统均存在着重硬件、重单体、监测精度低等问题.本文结合国内外研究现状,在现有监测体系的基础上,构建了多因子、多维度桥梁健康监测体系,并提出了一种结合5G网络技术的集自动监测、巡检、养护、管理、预警和决策指挥于一体的桥梁健康系统,实现桥梁振动、位移、山体滑坡和地震等突发事件的实时报警,提供专家库一键式解决方案.     

Development of a GPGPU-parallelized hybrid finite-discrete element method for modeling rock fracture

The hybrid finite-discrete element method (FDEM) is widely used for engineering applications, which, however, is computationally expensive and needs further development, especially when rock fracture process is modeled. This study aims to further develop a sequential hybrid FDEM code formerly proposed by the authors and parallelize it using compute unified device architecture (CUDA) C/C++ on the basis of a general-purpose graphics processing unit (GPGPU) for rock engineering applications. Because the contact detection algorithm in the sequential code is not suitable for GPGPU parallelization, a different contact detection algorithm is implemented in the GPGPU-parallelized hybrid FDEM. Moreover, a number of new features are implemented in the hybrid FDEM code, including the local damping technique for efficient geostatic stress analysis, contact damping, contact friction, and the absorbing boundary. Then, a number of simulations with both quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions are conducted using the GPGPU-parallelized hybrid FDEM, and the obtained results are compared both quantitatively and qualitatively with those from either theoretical analysis or the literature to calibrate the implementations. Finally, the speed-up performance of the hybrid FDEM is discussed in terms of its performance on various GPGPU accelerators and a comparison with the sequential code, which reveals that the GPGPU-parallelized hybrid FDEM can run more than 128 times faster than the sequential code if it is run on appropriate GPGPU accelerators, such as the Quadro GP100. It is concluded that the GPGPU-parallelized hybrid FDEM developed in this study is a valuable and powerful numerical tool for rock engineering applications.     

太子河流域山西组海相动物化石新材料及其意义

山西组广泛分布于辽东太子河流域。笔者在本溪田师付山西组采得Chonetes carbonifera等海相动物化石。这些化石新材料对于研究山西组的时代, 石炭—二叠系的界线,以及与山西、河南、河北、山东和安徽等地的地层对比,沉积演化及晚石炭世海浸的方向、期次、范围等均具重要意义。     

对梧州地区开发利用铁矿资源的建议

文章根据我区铁矿原料供给紧张的情况及梧州地区铁矿资源赋存的特点，从开发利用现状分析存在问题，提出搞好资源开发与管理的几点建议     

Ca ii H2v and K2v cell grains

The bright Ca ii H_2v and K_2v grains, which are intermittently present in the interiors of network cells in quiet-Sun areas, should provide important diagnostics of the dynamical interaction between the quiet photosphere and the chromosphere above it, but their nature has so far eluded identification. We review the extensive observational literature on these grains and on related phenomena. We resolve various contradictions, connect hitherto unconnected observations, distill new constraints and relate signatures in the measurement domain to signatures in the Fourier domain. We then review interpretations and simulation efforts, adding computations of our own to illustrate modeling options. We conclude that the grains are a hydrodynamical phenomenon in which magnetic fields do not play a major role. The grains are due to interference between a pervasive standing oscillation with about a 180 s periodicity and an 8 Mm horizontal wavelength in the chromosphere and the wave trains of the evanescent p-mode interference pattern in the upper photosphere. The roles of short-period waves, shock formation and granular piston excitation and the issue of long-lived patterning remain open; we suggest avenues for further research.