城市化进程中的生态环境响应度模型及其应用

以江西省为例,在对城市化综合水平与生态环境综合质量进行测度的基础上,构建了响应度和综合响应度模型,对城市化进程的生态环境响应时序特征和整体响应强度进行了对比分析。研究显示:(1)改革开放以来,江西省城市化综合水平逐步提高,现已进入城市化快速发展时期;而江西省生态环境综合质量及其分量不仅波动,还呈现出不同的变化特征。(2)1978-1990年和1991-2005年两个时段内江西省生态环境对城市化的响应具有不同的响应特征和强度,这不仅反映在其响应函数具有不同的方程形式,而且表现在其每个年份的响应度和两个时段内的综合响应度也不相同。综合响应度计算结果表明,城市化增长阶段与生态环境质量改善阶段并不具有一一对应的关系。     

全球地缘经济合作的空间模式与空间机理——基于商品贸易规模的实证研究

运用1996—2016年全球各国商品贸易规模的面板数据,借助探索性空间数据分析方法揭示全球地缘经济合作的空间模式,构建空间误差混合回归模型进一步解释全球地缘经济合作的空间机理,得出如下结论：① 全球地缘经济合作存在空间正相关,呈现出“核心-边缘”的空间模式,表现为板块化和多极化的发展趋势;② 全球地缘经济合作的空间依赖性受到生产要素流动与国际分工的传导与驱动,国家规模是地缘经济合作的基础因素,生产要素禀赋是地缘经济合作的内生动力,创新是地缘经济合作的引擎,政治脆弱性是地缘经济合作的壁垒,地缘经济合作的空间依赖性在创新要素跨国流动影响下趋于弱化;③ 中国需在空间上遵循“邻近国家-欧亚区域-全球范围”的三环递进原则,有层次地布局地缘经济资源,在内容上发挥规模优势和要素禀赋优势,强化科技创新国际竞争力,有差异地制定地缘经济政策,在策略上激发地缘经济对地缘政治的渗透效应,最大化地缘经济杠杆作用。     

基于因子分析法的河西走廊五市旅游竞争力分析

在对河西走廊五市旅游业发展情况进行研究的基础上,从旅游产业发展规模、产业增长潜力和产业环境等3个方面选取了28个指标,通过因子分析法对每个指标数据进行加权,然后通过定量分析法比较各城市旅游竞争力.结果 表明:河西五市中,旅游竞争力顺序依次为酒泉、武威、张掖、嘉峪关、金昌.最后对河西走廊各市旅游竞争力进行了比较分析,并针...     

国家需求结构演变理论及其应用——以中俄北极合作为例

首先,提出国家需求概念,在总结国家需求结构及其演变特点的基础上,提出双边关系中国家需求结构演变的三个模型：相对稳定型、合作优化型、关系紧张型。认为国家需求和人的需求一样,存在由低层次向高层次跃升的演变趋势。“低层次需求得到满足”是需求层次升级的前提条件,但这种满足具有方向性、主观性、阶段性。其次,运用国家需求结构演变模型分析了中俄北极开发合作的地缘政治环境,提出了维持中俄北极合作良好态势的对策建议：美国是中俄北极合作发生变数的能动力量,妥善处理好中美关系是重中之重;政治互信是中俄北极合作的决定性因素,加强双方在国际关系理论研究领域的合作是行之有效的政策工具;提高合作项目的透明度,向国际社会分享项目对生态环境和原住民影响的相关数据;加强战略沟通扩大共同利益,维持与美国盟友的合作伙伴关系;作为非北极国家,中国应该坚持对北极事务“有所为有所不为”的原则。最后,本研究得出如下几点结论：国家需求结构演变理论能够解释西方国际关系理论三大学派的核心观点;双边国家需求结构演变模型关注国际关系发生突变的规律性;国家需求结构演变理论能够为不同层次不同规模国家制定外交政策提供理论参考。     

The pattern,evolution, and mechanism of venture capital flows in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,China

As an important innovation flow, venture capital has been examined in urban network research. However, the segmentation of capital categories and the cross-scale connection of capital remain scarcely analyzed. This study focuses on the structure and industry differentiation of venture capital flows in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA) and its cross-scale network characteristics. Based on a venture capital database covering capital amount, investment subject address information,...     

Compression behavior of MICP-treated sand with various gradations

Acta Geotechnica - One-dimensional compression tests on quartz sands treated by microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) were carried out to evaluate the effects of gradation and calcium...     

湖北永兴洞降水对2015年厄尔尼诺的响应

通过对湖北永兴洞为期3年（2013年6月至2016年7月）的地表降水δ¹⁸O观测,发现该地点降水δ¹⁸O在2015夏季显著偏正。利用HYSPLIT后向轨迹方法对永兴洞降水水汽来源进行分析,结果表明在厄尔尼诺事件的影响下2015年夏季来自远源印度洋的水汽显著减少,而近源太平洋水汽相对增多,即降水δ¹⁸O因"环流效应"而偏正。本研究提供的观测证据表明永兴洞石笋δ¹⁸O记录在重建ENSO主导下的亚洲季风大气环流方面具有重要潜力。

     

Long-Term Changes in the Extreme Significant Wave Heights on the Western North Pacific: Impacts of Tropical Cyclone Activity and ENSO

Seasonal extreme wave statistics were reproduced by using the 25-km-grid global wave model of WAVEWATCH-III. The results showed that the simulated wave dataset for the present climate (1979-2009) was similar to Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) wave data. Statistics such as the root mean squared error (RMSE) and correlation coefficient (CC) over the western North Pacific (WNP) basin were 0.5 m and 0.69 over the analysis domain. The largest trends and standard deviation were around the southern coast of Japan and western edge of the WNP. Linear regression analysis was employed to identify the relationship between the leading principal components (PCs) of significant wave heights (SWHs) in the peak season of July to September and sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the equatorial Pacific. The results indicated that the inter-annual variability of SWH can be associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation in the peak season. The CC between the first PC of the SWH and anomalies in the Nino 3.4 SST index was also significant at a 99% confidence level. Significant variations in the SWH are affected by tropical cyclones (TCs) caused by increased SST anomalies. The genesis and development of simulated TCs can be important to the variation in SWHs for the WNP in the peak season. Therefore, we can project the variability of SWHs through TC activity based on changes in SST conditions for the equatorial Pacific in the future.     

文登市矿山地质环境治理简析

文登市地处胶东半岛东部,矿产资源种类丰富,全市共发现矿产资源20余种,其中已开发利用的有10种,年产矿石量1000多万吨。近年来,文登市围绕增强综合竞争力和可持续发展能力,加快资源节约型、环境友好型社会建设,不断强化对矿山地质环境的保护和管理。     

The formation of wind curl in the marine atmosphere boundary layer over the East China Sea Kuroshio in spring

Various data are used to investigate the characteristics of the surface wind field and rainfall on the East China Sea Kuroshio (ESK) in March and April, 2011. In March, the wind speed maximum shows over the ESK front (ESKF) in the 10 meter wind field, which agrees with the thermal wind effect. A wind curl center is generated on the warm flank of the ESKF. The winds are much weaker in April, so is the wind curl. A rainband exists over the ESKF in both the months. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used for further researches. The winds on the top of the marine atmosphere boundary layer (MABL) indicate that in March, a positive wind curl is generated in the whole MABL over the warm flank of the ESKF. The thermal wind effect forced by the strong SST gradient overlying the background wind leads to strong surface northeasterly winds on the ESKF, and a positive shearing vorticity is created over the warm flank of the ESKF to generate wind curl. In the smoothed sea surface temperature experiment, the presence of the ESKF is responsible for the strong northeast winds in the ESKF, and essential for the distribution of the rainfall centers in March, which confirms the mechanism above. The same simulation is made for April, 2011, and the responses from the MABL become weak. The low background wind speed weakens the effect of the thermal wind, thus no strong Ekman pumping is helpful for precipitation. There is no big difference in rainfall between the control run and the smooth SST run. Decomposition of the wind vector shows that local wind acceleration induced by the thermal wind effect along with the variations in wind direction is responsible for the pronounced wind curl/divergence over the ESKF.