Characteristics of afferent activity of ampullary electroreceptors in catfishParasilurus asotus

The spontaneous and evoked activity of electroreceptors were electrophysiologically studied. The results are:

1. The spontaneous discharge rate ranged from 15 to 85 imp/s with a mode of 50 imp/s for 126 organs of 18 animals.
2. By analysis of periodic histograms and interspike interval histograms of responses to sinusoidal electric stimulations, the frequency response characteristic was determined. The frequency response curve shows a band pass type, the band width ranged from 5 Hz to 30 Hz and the best frequency is around 15 Hz.
3. The thresholds of responses for 47 organs were measured by injection of sinusoidal current into the organs. The threshold values were less than 0.1nA (61µV/cm) for 35 organs (74%), and less than 0.01nA (6.1 µV/cm) for the rest of 9 organs (19%).

     

巴里坤红井子地区中石炭统阿什喀腊组浊积岩的发现及其意义

阿什喀腊组浊积岩野外识别标志明显，如层面构造的底部冲刷面、工具模和层内构造的粒序层理、包卷层理、同生叠瓦状泥砾构造、水平层理、沙纹交错层理等鉴别特征清楚；生物丰富，尤其深海一半深海遗迹化石组合十分明显；浊积岩的剖面结构类型虽然复杂多样，但总体分析，以远源浊积岩为主。鲍马序列清晰，一般为小型。该浊积岩的发现对红井子地区和博格达地区的大地构造分析具有重要意义。     

Heavy metal contamination and their distribution in different size fractions of the surficial sediment of Haihe River, China

Heavy metal contamination and their distribution in different size fractions of the surficial sediment in Haihe River, China have been investigated. These results reveal that the heavy metal contamination of Haihe River is closely related to the contaminating sources along the river and has the order: Cd > Cu > Pb > Cr. The contents of these heavy metals in the sediment of Haihe River are at least two times higher than their background values and the highest contaminating metal, Cd, is 15.5 times higher than its background value and determined in the urban area of Tianjin city. The surficial sediments of Haihe River, with 70% particles smaller than 20 μm, belong to sandy clay containing about 28% clay and 42% silt. Electron micrographs and x-ray analysis show that the concentrations of heavy metals depend on the particle size of sediments. The highest concentrations for most metals exist in fine-grained sediments, which are mainly composed of silicates, oxides, and hydroxides of Si, Fe, and Al. In contrast, lower levels of heavy metals are usually found in the coarse sandy sediments, which are composed of quartz, feldspar, and other rocky substances. Based on the results in the present study of the surficial sediments of Haihe River, the contents of Cr, Cu, Pd, and Cd in finer sediments are 2.4, 3.9, 2.8, and 3.6 times higher than those in coarse sandy sediments, respectively. Obviously, because of rapid industrial development in this area during the last few decades, the surficial sediments of Haihe River, especially those finer fractions, have been seriously contaminated by heavy metals.     

江西武功山穹隆花岗岩岩石地球化学特征与成因

江西武功山地区发育典型的穹隆花岗岩（变质核杂岩），该区中心部位出露中生代花岗岩类和花岗质片麻岩，近EW向展布的晚古生代－中生代萍乡、安福盆地分别位于其北、南两侧。武功山中生代花岗岩类以富SiO2、K2O，Rb、Th、LREE，贫Ba、Nb，且具明显Eu负异常为特点，同时花岗岩中含有夕线石、石榴子石等富铝矿物，表明属于S型花岗岩，反映陆内构造环境。与中生代花岗岩相比，山庄加里东期花岗闪长岩具有不同的岩石地球化学特点，ISr为0．7066，接近于I型，其构造背景与大陆边缘岩浆弧环境较为相似。中生代花岗岩类具有3个不同的岩相分带，岩石学与地球化学研究表明，不同岩相带具有相似的岩石学和地球化学特征，说明武功山穹隆状花岗岩经历了从三叠纪到早白垩世的演化过程，武功山变质核杂岩伸展构造发育在一个古老的加里东期变质基底之上。通过对该区花岗岩类及花岗质片麻岩的岩石学、地球化学特征分析，为揭示穹隆花岗岩构造的形成机制和地球动力学背景提供了依据。     

莫桑比克太特省钛铁矿田斜长岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及成矿、大地构造意义

莫桑比克位于南部非洲,矿产资源极其丰富,是钛矿主要出口大国,目前主要开发利用的以海岸沿线的钛锆沙矿为主,钛铁矿原生矿的开发利用及其成矿地质背景研究程度相对较低。本文采集了莫桑比克太特省一带与原生钛铁矿共生的斜长岩系列分析样品,对斜长岩样品锆石U-Pb定年,获得岩石形成的地质年龄为580±5 Ma;样品岩石化学特征反映了斜长岩属低Ti、低Mg、低K拉斑玄武岩系列;稀土地球化学元素反映斜长石堆积明显,δEu出现极高的正异常;LREE/HREE比值为8.27～21.44,总体显示为轻稀土富集型稀土配分模式曲线,指示了斜长岩为深部原始地幔高度熔融及结晶分异而成;微量元素中具有明显的富集Rb、Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素,亏损Zr、Nb等高场强元素,并且Ta/Hf比值为0.1～0.26, Th/Ta比值为3.14～13.59,反映斜长岩形成于陆内弧后伸展构造环境。通过对钛铁矿成矿围岩的研究,揭示了钛铁矿的成因类型为岩浆晚期结晶分异型,成矿模式为结晶分异压滤型;同时揭露了莫桑比克赞比西构造带660～610Ma泛非造山运动重要证据。     

江西省修水县地质灾害及减灾防灾措施探讨

崩塌、滑坡、山洪、山坡型泥石流为修水县主要地质灾害类型。通过对地质灾害形成条件的分析,进而提出防灾减灾措施     

江西丹霞地貌演化阶段与分布及其构造控制探讨

晚白垩世至古近纪期间,江西省内沿区域性断裂构造发育30余个断陷盆地,沉积了巨厚的红色陆相碎屑岩,为丹霞地貌的形成提供了物质基础。已发现的228处丹霞地貌点主要分布于江西东部武夷山北麓和西麓的红层盆地内。利用面积—高程积分法,对江西省9个盆地的丹霞地貌演化阶段进行了定量分析,结果表明省内丹霞地貌景区的面积—高程HI为0.17~0.52,平均为0.38,即其演化阶段处于壮年晚期至老年早期,在空间分布上具有由南向北,由壮年期转为老年期的趋势。该趋势可能与武夷山的构造隆升有关。构造分析显示,节理与武夷山的隆升对江西丹霞地貌演化起控制作用,具体表现为：① 龙虎山、九仙湖、仙岩、蛤蟆坞、赭亭山、龟峰等地发育的崖壁、一线天、巷谷、石墙、石寨、峰丛、峰林等丹霞典型景观均与节理有关。② 流水侵蚀等外营力的作用对丹霞地貌的剥露、削平起重要作用,统计表明距离武夷山越近,丹霞地貌山峰越密集、崖壁越陡峻,指示武夷山的隆升与丹霞地貌的发育有直接关系。总体来看,江西省内的红层为丹霞地貌的发育提供了物质基础,武夷山的隆升控制了丹霞地貌的分布。值得注意的是,丹霞地貌区的节理构造是否与武夷山的隆升存在直接因果关系还需进一步研究。