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宁夏土地承载力系统动力学方法的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文从宁夏的实际出发,分别建立了宁北、宁南土地承载力的系统动力学模型,包括土地资源、水资源和种植业、牧业、渔业、人口、消费等7个子系统。相应的环境、科技、投入以及相关的外生变量,共计活性方程1000余个,较细致地体现了宁夏土地承载力的内涵。通过模型的仿真运行及其耦合预测了宁北、宁南及全区未来60年土地承载力数值动态变化趋势。 相似文献
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在普查影响中国降水量和气温的大气环流系统及其指数的基础上,选取高相关、独立性强的大气环流系统指数作为预测因子,采用过滤式的筛选因子方法,动态建立线性回归方法,构建区域月气候预测模型(Regional Monthly Climate Forecast Model,RMCFM),自主开发操作系统,设置人机交互界面,实现人机交流操作方式,并通过解释应用方法做出中国160个台站的月降水量和月气温预测。实践证明,RMCFM具备天气气候专家系统概念,具有运算速度快,结构清晰易操作等特点,预测准确率较高,应用RMCFM可提高区域气候预测能力。 相似文献
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An open problem that arises when using modern iterative linear solvers, such as the preconditioned conjugate gradient method or Generalized Minimum RESidual (GMRES) method, is how to choose the residual tolerance in the linear solver to be consistent with the tolerance on the solution error. This problem is especially acute for integrated groundwater models, which are implicitly coupled to another model, such as surface water models, and resolve both multiple scales of flow and temporal interaction terms, giving rise to linear systems with variable scaling. This article uses the theory of "forward error bound estimation" to explain the correspondence between the residual error in the preconditioned linear system and the solution error. Using examples of linear systems from models developed by the US Geological Survey and the California State Department of Water Resources, we observe that this error bound guides the choice of a practical measure for controlling the error in linear systems. We implemented a preconditioned GMRES algorithm and benchmarked it against the Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) method, the most widely known iterative solver for nonsymmetric coefficient matrices. With forward error control, GMRES can easily replace the SOR method in legacy groundwater modeling packages, resulting in the overall simulation speedups as large as 7.74×. This research is expected to broadly impact groundwater modelers through the demonstration of a practical and general approach for setting the residual tolerance in line with the solution error tolerance and presentation of GMRES performance benchmarking results. 相似文献
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张志良 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1995,5(3):222-231
THEPROCESSANDSTRATEGYOFURBANIZATIONDEVELOPMENTINNORTHWESTCHINAZhangZhiliang(张志良)(PipulationResearchInstituteofLanzhouUniversi... 相似文献
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