Effect of sediment resuspension on underwater light field in shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River: A case study in Longgan Lake and Taihu Lake

Based on three continuous in situ underwater light field measurement under different wind waves conditions in Longgan Lake, Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake in July 2003 and littoral zone near TLLER in July 2004, respectively, the effects of sediment resuspension caused by wind waves on PAR diffuse attenuation, absorption coefficients and euphotic depths are analyzed. In Longgan Lake, PAR diffuse attenuation coefficients during small, middle and large wind waves were 1.74, 2.02 and 2.45 m^?1, respectively, and the corresponding PAR spectral diffuse attenuations ranged from 0.98 to 2.97, 1.34 to 3.95 and 1.80 to 5.40 m^?1, respectively. In Meiliang Bay, PAR diffuse attenuation coefficients were 2.63, 3.72, 4.37 m^?1 during small, middle and large wind waves. PAR diffuse attenuation coefficients increased by 41% and 66% from small to middle, large wind waves, respectively. Absorption coefficients integrated over the range of PAR of CDOM, phytoplankton were 0.26, 0.28 m^?1; 0.76, 0.49 m^?1, respectively during middle and large wind waves. Absorption coefficients integrated over the range of PAR of non-algal particulate matter and total suspended particulate matter increased from 0.94 to 1.73 m^?1, and from 1.70 to 2.22 m^?1, respectively during middle and large wind waves. Relative contributions of absorption coefficients of non-algal particulate matter to total absorption coefficient integrated over the range of PAR were 44.14%, 65.05%, respectively, during middle and large wind waves. PAR euphotic depths decreased by 0.40, 0.19, 0.20 m from middle to large wind waves in Longganhu Lake, Meliang Bay and littoral zone near TLLER. Significant correlations were found between transparency, PAR diffuse attenuation coefficients, euphotic depths and total suspended particulate matter, wind velocity, wave height. Most significant correlations were found between transparency, PAR diffuse attenuation coefficients, euphotic depths and inorganic suspended particulate matter but low correlations for chlorophyll a, dissolved organic carbon. Increase of total suspended particulate matter, especially inorganic suspended particulate matter caused by wind waves was the dominant factor affecting underwater light field in shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River based on observations at three stations.     

基于广义3S技术的森林资源经营管理系统建设

针对我国森林资源经营管理处于比较粗放的水平,将现代测绘科学与林业相结合,构建基于广义3S技术的森林资源经营管理系统。     

利用物理方法确定外方位元素的卫星立体摄影测量的精度分析

本文在分析用物理方法确定外方位元素的情况下卫星立体摄影测量的精度影响因素,推导了卫星立体摄影测量的理论精度计算公式,并以SPOT5 HRS立体像对为例,计算了SPOT5 HRS立体测量的理论精度,进行了利用少量地面控制点的立体测量试验。结果证明卫星立体摄影测量的理论精度估算公式是正确的,同时SPOT5 HRS立体测量精度能够满足1∶50000测图的要求。     

基于骨架化和蜘蛛编码的面状实体匹配方法研究

同名面实体在不同来源的地图数据库中的矛盾性表达致使相关领域的研究出现诸多瓶颈问题,由此实体匹配作为基础研究成为首要解决的关键问题,本文采用两阶段匹配策略实现面实体匹配,预匹配中通过面积相异度进行初步判定,终匹配时先对面状实体进行骨架化从而降低点和线的维度,再用基于蜘蛛编码的方法实现匹配。最终实现的匹配算法由大比例尺地图数据库中的房产图和地形图进行匹配实验,结果证明了该算法的匹配效率和准确度。     

应用选权拟合法建立单历元伪距和载波相位双差模型

本文根据选权拟合法的一个重要性质:只要被约束的那部分参数估值无偏,其余的参数估值也无偏;该性质说明利用选权拟合进行参数估计的结果是条件无偏的。这个不同于一般正则化解的重要特性可以建立单历元伪距和载波相位双差模型,并通过实例验证了该方法的可行性。     

基于地面激光扫描数据的单木特征因子提取与分析

本文利用三维激光扫描仪对树木进行扫描获取树点云数据,经过格式转换、分离、提取后,对树木各测量因子包括胸径、树高、树冠、材积量进行测定与测量方法与意义的分析。通过实验分析,可以得出:树冠测定因子通过测定树冠的叶面积指数来更精确地反映树冠的生理学意义;通过不规则三角网构建的多面体计算的树干体积较以平均断面积、中央断面积求树干材积更为准确与便捷。     

高职测绘类专业动手能力培养方法探索与实践

本文结合工程测量技术专业的教学实践,从课程设置、集中实训环节安排、仪器操作训练、计算能力培养、技能竞赛、组织学术讲座、开放实训基地、对外技术服务等7个方面,对高职测绘类专业学生实践动手能力培养方法进行了探索。     

GPS单站定位的误差改正模型研究

GPS单站定位的作业方式、外业组织观测和数据处理等比较简单,同时,由于采用观测值不同、观测时间长短不同、定位模式和数据处理方式不同,其精度可以从毫米级到米级不等,实际应用中以伪距单点定位和精密单点定位为主。GPS单站定位不能通过求差方式来消除或消弱各项误差,为提高其定位精度,必须研究各项误差的改正模型,以便对其进行精细改正。本文用2010年10月31日CHAN站24小时的观测数据,确定各项误差在一天中的影响大小和变化规律,研究结果对精密单点定位的误差研究和GPS定位误差的教学工作等都有参考意义。     

组合电离层残差与改进的码相伪距探测与修复周跳研究

传统码相组合算法能探测7～8周以上大周跳,而传统的电离层残差法仅对于±4周以内的周跳可实现唯一分离,这限制了两者组合的应用.针对这一问题,对码相组合探测与修复周跳方法进行改进,使得改进的码相组合与电离层残差法能够完全探测周跳.经理论与实验分析,组合改进的码相组合法与电离层残差法两者结合能够完全探测采样间隔小于10 s观测数据中的周跳,对动态非差观测值数据的周跳自动探测与修复有极佳的效果.     

多时相遥感影像辐射归一化方法综述

多时相遥感影像的辐射归一化是进行变化检测或拼接不可缺少的步骤。本文从绝对辐射归一化和相对辐射归一化两个方面对现有的多时相遥感影像辐射归一化方法进行了总结。对各种辐射归一化方法进行了剖析,并指出了这些方法的优缺点和适应性。最后对多时相遥感影像辐射归一化方法未来的发展进行了展望。