导航应用的按需下载区域网络模型研究

提出了一种导航应用的按需下载区域数据模型。对按需下载模式的技术要求进行了分析,提出了区域导航数据模型的定义及其算法,用UML定义了区域网络概念模型,并与ISO的网络模型进行了一致性检验。通过实际算例证明了方法的可用性。     

Study on the urban heat island effects and its relationship with surface biophysical characteristics using MODIS imageries

This study assesses surface urban heat island (UHI) and its associated surface physical characteristics using remote sensing approaches. TERRA/MODIS images acquired in 2005 in three different seasons were selected to generate land surface tem-perature and surface characteristics for the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan metropolitan area in China. The intensity of urban heat is-land effects and its seasonal variations were examined. The result showed that UHI effects were significant both in the summer and the spri...     

基于2.5维面的气象数据可视化技术——以风场数据显示为例

根据2.5维面的设计思想及曲面可视化的方法,结合部分气象数据信息具有相同的经纬度范围和海拔高度的特点,构造了基于温度和可降水量的2.5维面,并重点提出在2.5维面上进行风场流线可视化的方法。实践证明,应用2.5维面分析气象数据在一定程度上平衡了运算量和可视化结果之间的矛盾,对地理环境气象数据的分析和比较有帮助作用。     

Kinematic precise point positioning at remote marine platforms

Precise kinematic differential positioning using the global positioning system (GPS) at a marine platform usually requires a relatively short distance (e.g. <500 km) to a land-based reference station. As an alternative, precise point positioning (PPP) is normally considered free from this limiting requirement. However, due to the prerequisite of network-based satellite products, PPP at a remote marine platform may still be affected by its distance to the reference network. Hence, this paper investigates this scenario by configuring rings of reference stations with different radii centered on a to-be-positioned marine platform. Particularly, we applied ambiguity resolution at a single station to PPP by estimating uncalibrated phase delays (UPDs). We used three rings of reference stations centered on a vessel, with radii of roughly 900, 2,000 and 3,600 km, to determine satellite clocks and UPDs independently. For comparison, we also performed differential positioning based on a single reference station with baseline lengths of about 400, 1,700 and 2,800 km. We demonstrate that, despite the increasing ring-network radius to a few 1,000 km, the overall change in accuracy of the satellite clocks that are used at the vessel is smaller than 0.02 ns, and the RMS values of differences between the three sets of narrow-lane UPD estimates are around 0.05 cycles only. Moreover, the kinematic positioning accuracy of PPP is affected by the increasing ring-network radius, but can still achieve several centimeters after ambiguity resolution when the vessel is over a few 1,000 km away from the ring network, showing better performance than that of differential positioning. Therefore, we propose that ambiguity-fixed PPP can be used at remote marine platforms that support precise oceanographic and geophysical applications in open oceans.     

Automatic Change Detection in Very High Resolution Images With Pulse-Coupled Neural Networks

A novel approach based on pulse-coupled neural networks (PCNNs) for image change detection is presented. PCNNs are based on the implementation of the mechanisms underlying the visual cortex of small mammals, and, with respect to more traditional NNs architectures, such as multilayer perceptron, own interesting advantages. In particular, they are unsupervised and context sensitive. This latter property may be particularly useful when very high resolution images are considered as, in this case, an object analysis might be more suitable than a pixel-based one. The qualitative and more quantitative results are reported. The performance of the algorithm has been evaluated on a pair of QuickBird images taken over the test area of Tor Vergata University, Rome.      

A GPS-Supported Gravity Survey in the Amazon of Ecuador

The growing importance and effectiveness of the Global Positioning System (GPS) in positioning geophysical surveys is now well established. In Ecuador's Amazon basin the use of GPS was the determining factor in the successful completion of a gravity survey carried out in 1994. Over 500 gravity stations, spaced from 1 to 5 km apart and positioned by GPS, were collected in the jungle environment in the country's southeast, where the preexisting data, of variable and unknown quality, were mostly confined to areas along the major rivers. This station densification, which includes the reoccupation of selected points, contributed to increase the gravity coverage; it also allowed us to evaluate and correct 1100 preexisting data points in the area, so that the different surveys can be merged. The composite data set is used for a geologic analysis of the study area, where previously unknown structures are discovered. ? 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

三层BP网隐层节点数确定方法的研究

对确定三层BP网络隐层节点数的理论依据和现有做法进行了研究,提出了一种三层BP网络隐层节点数的双向确定法     

TWO STRUCTURAL MODELS FOR THE WESTERN FLANK OF THE BRABANT MASSIF*

This paper is concerned with an interpretation of the Bouguer anomaly on the Western flank of the Brabant Massif (Belgium). The position, shape, and density contrast of elementary bodies in the upper part of the earth's crust are determined in a purely numerical manner. A batholith-like body and a basin-type structure both adequately account for the observed surface field, at least from a one-sided geophysical and mathematical point of view. Since seismological control is lacking the two models are representative of the ambiguity and indeterminacy of the definitions of the geologic cause of the anomalous features, if the data are restricted to gravity information alone.     

Very faint blue objects in the Virgo Cluster Region

Für 95 sehr schwache blaue Objekte in der Nähe des Zentrums des Virgo-Galaxienhaufens werden Auffindungskarten, Koordinaten, Schätzungen des (U – B)-Farbenindexes und grobe B-Helligkeiten mitgeteilt. Die Objekte wurden durch Blinken einer Tautenburger U- und B-Schmidtplatte gefunden.