首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   34445篇
  免费   1176篇
  国内免费   557篇
测绘学   1079篇
大气科学   2801篇
地球物理   7967篇
地质学   12574篇
海洋学   2716篇
天文学   7080篇
综合类   310篇
自然地理   1651篇
  2022年   149篇
  2021年   278篇
  2020年   301篇
  2019年   342篇
  2018年   1173篇
  2017年   1075篇
  2016年   1175篇
  2015年   703篇
  2014年   1021篇
  2013年   1676篇
  2012年   1567篇
  2011年   1602篇
  2010年   1271篇
  2009年   1590篇
  2008年   1404篇
  2007年   1389篇
  2006年   1347篇
  2005年   1718篇
  2004年   1728篇
  2003年   1440篇
  2002年   954篇
  2001年   758篇
  2000年   745篇
  1999年   642篇
  1998年   647篇
  1997年   595篇
  1996年   476篇
  1995年   449篇
  1994年   467篇
  1993年   356篇
  1992年   339篇
  1991年   301篇
  1990年   352篇
  1989年   313篇
  1988年   278篇
  1987年   323篇
  1986年   268篇
  1985年   351篇
  1984年   381篇
  1983年   379篇
  1982年   350篇
  1981年   282篇
  1980年   305篇
  1979年   257篇
  1978年   248篇
  1977年   252篇
  1976年   210篇
  1975年   237篇
  1974年   214篇
  1973年   205篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
992.
The validity of the Winkler foundation model is investigated by predicting the experimentally measured displacement transfer functions and strain spectra of a single pile embedded in a sandbox and supporting a single-degree-of-freedom superstructure. The foundation-superstructure system is a scale model and was subjected to shake table excitations. The distributed springs and dashpots of the Winkler foundation model are frequency dependent and the calibrated model predicts satisfactorily the displacement transfer function at different depths for both fixed- and free-tip pile conditions. On the other hand, the pile-axial-strains are substantially underestimated when expressed in terms of the second derivative of the computed elastic line of the pile. It is shown that a much more dependable prediction is achieved when pile-axial-strains are expressed in terms of the inertial forces acting along the pile-superstructure system.  相似文献   
993.
Fluid inclusion leachates obtained from vug and vein quartz samples from an Archean (3.23 Ga) Fe-oxide hydrothermal deposit in the west-central part of the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa, were analyzed by ion chromatography for chloride, bromide, and iodide. The deposit, known as the ironstone pods, formed by seafloor hydrothermal activity and fluid discharge. Quartz is dominated by type I liquid-vapor, aqueous inclusions with a bimodal salinity distribution (0–0.25 MCl and 0.9–1.8 MCl). Bulk analytical salinities range from 0.45 to 0.99 MCl represent averages of type I inclusions. Bulk fluid inclusion bromide and iodide concentrations are 1.44–3.32 mM and 0.01–0.12 mM, respectively. For comparison, modern seawater has halogen contents of 590 mM chloride, 0.9 mM bromide, and 0.5 μM total iodine. In the fluids from the ironstone pods, bromide and iodide are enriched relative to chloride, when compared with modern seawater.Approximate BrCl and ICl ratios of 3.2 Ga Barberton seawater are 2.5 × 10−3 and 40 × 10−6, respectively. Dispersion to higher values was caused principally by reaction with organic sediments whose trends are similar to those seen for modern vent fluids at unsedimented and sedimented ridges, relative to modern seawater. These halide ratios are greater than those of modern seawater, suggesting a change in the halide ratios of seawater over geological time. The analytical data are consistent with a model in which marine organic sedimentation has fractionated bromine and iodine out of seawater relative to chloride, thereby causing the halide ratios of seawater to decrease from high early and mid-Archean values towards their present day values.  相似文献   
994.
995.
Results of numerical simulation studies of processes associated with Stimulated Electromagnetic Emission (SEE) produced during ionospheric heating experiments are presented. A one-dimensional magnetized electrostatic Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulation model with uniform plasma density is used to investigate electrostatic wave generation in the region where the pump frequency ω0 approximately equals the upper hybrid frequency ωuh. In particular, the simulation plasma is driven with a uniform oscillating electric field to represent the long wavelength pump wave and power spectra of the electrostatic waves produced are taken. The pump wave frequency and amplitude are varied to consider the effects on the simulation power spectrum. The upper hybrid frequency in the model is varied through harmonics of the electron cyclotron frequency Ωce to consider the effects of stepping the pump frequency through cyclotron harmonics. The power spectrum from the simulation plasma is richly structured. The resulting power spectra show sidebands upshifted and downshifted from the pump frequency by multiples of the lower hybrid frequency ωlh. The structure of the spectrum is highly sensitive to the proximity of the upper hybrid frequency to the cyclotron harmonic frequencies.  相似文献   
996.
Ionospheric heating experiments were done by the EISCAT Heater in Tromsø on 15–19 November, 1993. A low-light TV camera was installed at the VLF receiving station at Porojärvi about 100 km to the south-east of Tromsø. The spectral analysis of the auroral luminosity variations showed that the brightness of the aurora varied at the modulation frequency of the heating wave. The results of this analysis and the numerical simulations of the auroral luminosity variations caused by the HF heating are shown. The variations of the optical emission intensity at the heating frequency occur during the auroral ionosphere modification. The observed intensity variation of the auroral green line during the interval of enhanced electron temperature is explained by a decreasing rate of the O2+ ion dissociative recombination when the electron temperature increases. The brightness variation depends on the characteristic energy and the intensity of the auroral electron flux and the heating wave parameters. The artificial luminosity pulsations caused by HF heating are estimated.  相似文献   
997.
Simulation of multigaussian stochastic fields can be made after a Karhunen-Loéve expansion of a given covariance function. This method is also called simulation by Empirical Orthogonal Functions. The simulations are made by drawing stochastic coefficients from a random generator. These numbers are multiplied with eigenfunctions and eigenvalues derived from the predefined covariance model. The number of eigenfunctions necessary to reproduce the stochastic process within a predefined variance error, turns out to be a cardinal question. Some ordinary analytical covariance functions are used to evaluate how quickly the series of eigenfunctions can be truncated. This analysis demonstrates extremely quick convergence to 99.5% of total variance for the 2nd order exponential (‘gaussian’) covariance function, while the opposite is true for the 1st order exponential covariance function. Due to these convergence characteristics, the Karhunen-Loéve method is most suitable for simulating smooth fields with ‘gaussian’ shaped covariance functions. Practical applications of Karhunen-Loéve simulations can be improved by spatial interpolation of the eigenfunctions. In this paper, we suggest interpolation by kriging and limits for reproduction of the predefined covariance functions are evaluated.  相似文献   
998.
Experimental results concerning the growth and decay times of different spectral components of stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE) are presented. A new method of measurement, employing a special pulsed pump scheme for the ionospheric plasma modification, has been elaborated and applied for studying HF-induced processes with high time resolution. The measurements performed show that the development and relaxation of different SEE features have an intricate pattern which depends on the emission frequency shift from the pump frequency, on the proximity of the pump frequency to the gyroharmonic frequencies, on the intensity of artificial ionospheric turbulence, and on the ionospheric conditions. The scope of this method for studies of HF plasma turbulence is discussed.  相似文献   
999.
The recursive nature of rays in blocky models can be exploited to solve some difficult problems in seismic modelling. Each segment of a ray travels from an initial point up to a reflecting interface, where it is split into reflected and transmitted ray segments, which each continue in a similar way. The tree structure that thus emanates is conveniently handled by a recursive scheme. Recursion allows an automatic generation of all phases on a seismogram, together with all information necessary to analyse or select them. By operating recursively with a ray cell, bounded by a pair of vicinal rays in 2D, or a triplet of vicinal rays in 3D, and two successive isochrons, the two-point ray-tracing problem is reduced to a simple interpolation. Also, the cellular approach allows for a stable and robust evaluation of dynamic ray quantities without any paraxial tracing, which is cumbersome in blocky models of realistic complexity. Geometric shadows are filled by recursively generated diffractions. The recursive ray tracer has found applications in the fast computation of Green's functions in target-oriented inversion and in phase identification in VSP.  相似文献   
1000.
青藏高原唐古拉山冬克玛底河流域水文过程特征分析   总被引:16,自引:16,他引:16  
利用1993年5 ̄9月连续时间序列的资料,对青藏高原唐古拉山冬克玛底冰川区及其流域的水文过程特征进行初步分析。由于青藏高原季风环流的影响,在性质不同气团控制所产生的降水天然过程的降水量差别极大,该区域主要降水集中在6 ̄8月,Tretyakov雨量器对标准雨量器捕捉率的修正量小于天山地区的研究结果,该流域地面蒸发过程较为强盛,各种下垫面的蒸发量占流域水量平衡收入的37%,土壤蒸发量与水面蒸发和土壤含  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号