浙江龙泉地区元古宙发现硅铁矿

浙江省第七地质大队在开展“浙西南前寒武纪地质”研究中,于龙泉地区元古宙区域变质岩系中首次发现大量硅铁矿类矿物。 硅铁矿(Ferrosilicium)是十分罕见的Si、Fe金属互化物矿物,按其主要组份之量比,可详分为硅铁矿(ferrosilite,化学式为Fe_2Si_3)、二硅铁矿(Ferdisilicite,     

BOUNDARY LAYER GROWTH AND LAPSE RATE CHANGES DETERMINED BY LIDAR AND SURFACE HEAT FLUX IN SOFIA*

In this study the results from a boundary layer experiment,conducted in autumn 1991 over a flat,build-up urban area in Southeast Sofia,together with some models for mixed layer growth rates are used to investigate the layered structure of the vertical atmospheric stability distribution in the Sofia Valley.Lidar measurements of aerosol layer heights and morning boundary layer development are combined with surface eddy correlation measurements of kinematic heat and moisture fluxes,profiles of temperature and humidity,wind speed and wind direction.A diagnostic method is presented for determining vertical lapse rates using surface meteorological measurements and lidar returns observed during the transition from nighttime stable stratification to daytime convective boundary layer after the sunrise.     

Shaping the nation state: ethnicity,class and the new population policy in Singapore

"This paper explores the relationships between ethnicity, class and the New Population Policy (NPP) in Singapore in the context of its nation state project.... The paper uses data from a sample of the Singaporean population to investigate the impact of the NPP on both ethnic and income (class) groups in order to assess the importance of the ethnic dimension in this aspect of Singapore's development strategy. It concludes that, although differences in fertility behaviour may be rooted in ethnic identity, the control that the government wishes to exert over that behaviour as part of its nation-building project has largely been effected through class interests, and may be better interpreted as part of a broader strategy of human resource management which is attracting the attention of other Asian newly industrialising countries."     

Laboratory simulations of Titan's atmosphere: organic gases and aerosols

Titan, the main satellite of Saturn, has been observed by remote sensing for many years, both from interplanetary probes (Pioneer and Voyager's flybys) and from the Earth. Its N2 atmosphere, containing a small fraction of CH4 (approximately 2%), with T approximately 90 K and P approximately 1.5 bar at the ground level, is irradiated by solar UV photons and deeply bombarded by energetic particles, i.e. Saturn mangetospheric electrons and protons, interplanetary electrons and cosmic rays. The resulting energy deposition, which takes place mainly below 1000 km, initiates chemical reactions which yield gaseous hydrocarbons and nitriles and, through polymerisation processes, solid aerosol particles which grow by coagulation and settle down to the ground. At the present time, photochemical models strongly require the results of specific laboratory studies. Chemical rate constants are not well known at low temperatures, charged-particle-induced reactions are difficult to model and laboratory simulations of atmospheric processes are therefore of great interest. Moreover, the synthesis of organic compounds which have not been detected to date provides valuable information for future observations. The origin and chemical composition of aerosols depend on the nature of chemical and energy sources. Their production from gaseous species may be monitored in laboratory chambers and their optical or microphysical properties compared to those deduced from the observations of Titan's atmosphere. The development of simulation chambers of Titan's extreme conditions is necessary for a better understanding of past and future observations. Space probes will sound Titan's atmosphere by remote sensing and in situ analysis in the near future (Cassini-Huygens mission). It appears necessary, as a preliminary step to test on-board experiments in such chambers, and as a final step, when new space data have been acquired, to use them for more general scientific purposes.     

基于MapGIS IGSS 3D的地质资料信息服务平台关键技术研究

地质资料是地质工作服务社会的主要载体,是地质工作成果的重要体现。目前,我国在地质资料服务方面长期存在资料信息分散、综合研究不够、服务渠道不畅、服务能力不强等问题,使地质资料信息的巨大潜在价值未能得到充分发挥。基于MapGIS IGSS 3D共享服务框架,以数据库、GIS、三维可视化等现代信息技术为基础,以地质资料信息服务为导向,以汇聚地质资料数据资源为核心,兼顾地质资料信息服务产业化发展方向的要求,重点研究与地质资料信息服务密切相关的关键技术,搭建形成了地质资料信息服务平台,实现了地质资料信息由分散到集中管理、由二维到二三维一体化展示、由单纯专业应用到多元服务的转变,为政府部门、企事业单位及社会公众提供专业服务。     

微波加热在岩土工程中的应用

介绍了微波具有的特性以及微波加热原理,包括偶极极化、离子导电和界面极化三种机制。综述了微波加热技术在岩土工程领域的相关应用,例如快速测定土的含水量、处理固体废弃物、破碎岩石等,概述了该技术在融解冻土、淤泥土脱水、公路再生沥青修复技术方面的成果,并且提出微波加热技术可应用于减少有机土有机物含量、加热快速固结软土,以及微波加热研究的具体方向,期望能推动微波加热技术在岩土工程领域的推广。     

冲绳海槽黑色与白色浮岩特征及其对岩浆演化的指示

为了认识黑色与白色浮岩的岩石特征及成因,使用人工重砂、元素地球化学等分析技术,研究冲绳海槽两类浮岩中元素及矿物组成特征。研究显示,冲绳海槽黑色和白色浮岩具有相似全岩化学组成,都落入流纹岩区,稀土配分曲线明显呈右倾,具负Eu异常,富集不相容元素,岩石物理性质差别是导致其颜色差异的主要因素。两类浮岩岩石学特征的不同主要体现在:(1)白色浮岩锆石和辉石都具有两种类型,黑色浮岩仅具有其中一种;(2)黑色浮岩中发育钛铁矿、钛磁铁矿与基质构成的珠状构造,且基质玻璃中密集分布磁铁矿雏晶,而白色浮岩不具备上述岩石学特征。综合分析海槽两类浮岩岩石学特征所蕴含的岩浆演化信息,推测两类浮岩具有相同的玄武质岩浆源区,富挥发组分的玄武质母岩浆上升进入地壳,形成初级岩浆房,房内结晶分异后残留的酸性岩浆,沿海槽构造薄弱带向上运移,岩浆运移过程中有少部分进入分支断裂系统形成次级岩浆房,期间初级岩浆房接受多次基性岩浆注入;初级和次级岩浆房中的酸性岩浆分别独立喷出海底,前者形成白色浮岩,后者形成黑色浮岩。此外,演化过程中岩浆性质逐渐由氧化性向还原性转变。     

Comparison of Venusian Coronae with Giant Circumferential Dyke Swarms on Earth

正The surface of Venus features a large number(500)of quasi-circular tectono-magmatic features known as coronae.Coronae are characterized in part by their topographic characteristics,which can be diverse and     

Large Igneous Provinces,Their Giant Mafic Dyke Swarms,and Links to Metallogeny

正Giant mafic dyke swarms are a key component of the feeder system of Large Igneous Provinces(LIPs),large volume(0.1 Mkm~3;frequently above1 M km~3),mainly mafic(-ultramafic)magmatic events of intraplate affinity.