Improvement in the calculation of anti-Stokes energy transfer and experimental justification based on Er0.01YbxY1 - 0.01 - xVO4 crystal

The improvement on the calculation of anti-Stokes energy transfer rate is studied in the present work. The additional proportion coefficient between Stokes and anti-Stokes light intensities of quantum Raman scattering theory as compared with the classical Raman theory is introduced to successfully describe the anti-Stokes energy transfer. The theoretical formula for the improvement on the calculation of anti-Stokes energy transfer rate is derived for the first time in this study. The correctness of introducing coefficient exp{ΔE / kT} from well-known Raman scatter theory is demonstrated also. Moreover, the experimental lifetime measurement in Er_0.01Yb_xY_{1 - 0.01 - x}VO₄ crystal is performed to justify the validity of our important improvement in the original phonon-assisted energy transfer theory for the first time.     

Effect of slow-solvent-vapour treatment on performance of polymer photovoltaic devices

In this work, enhanced poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) bulk-heterojunction photovoltaic devices are achieved via slow-solvent-vapour treatment. The correlations between the morphology of the active layer and the photovoltaic performance of polymer-based solar cell are investigated. The active layers are characterized by atomic force microscopy and optical absorption. The results show that slow-solvent-vapour treatment can induce P3HT self-organization into an ordered structure, leading to the enhanced absorption and efficient charge transport.     

Spectroscopic ellipsometric study of the optical properties of Ag2O film prepared by direct-current magnetron reactive sputtering

The Ag₂O film, as-deposited by direct-current magnetron reactive sputtering at a substrate temperature of 150 °C, clearly shows a preferential orientation (111), and is capable of lowering the threshold value of the thermal decomposition temperature to about 200 °C, which is helpful to its application in optical and magneto-optical storage. This paper fits its optical constants in terms of a general oscillator model by using measured ellipsometric parameters. The fitted oscillator energy 2.487 eV is close to the optical direct interband transition energy value of the Ag₂O film determined by Tauc equation; whereas, the fitted oscillator energy 4.249 eV is far from the fitted plasma oscillator energy 4.756 eV by single-oscillator energy. The photoluminescence spectrum centred at about 2.31 eV indicates a direct-energy gap photoluminescence mechanism of the Ag₂O film.     

The relationship between the canonical ENSO and the phase transition of the Antarctic oscillation at the quasi-quadrennial timescale

A correlation analysis is performed to investigate the relationship between El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Antarctic oscillation (AAO) at the quasi-quadrennial (QQ) timescale.It is found that the cold tongue index (CTI) and the AAO index (AAOI) are negatively correlated with about a 7-month lead-time,while they are positively correlated with about a 15-month lag-time.To further explore this relationship,complex empirical orthogonal function analysis is employed in the QQ sea level pressure (SLP) anomalies from 1951 to 2002.The results indicate that,during the ENSO cycle,there exists one kind of global tropical wave of wavenumber 1 (GTW1) propagating eastward.With the traveling of GTW1,the tropical SLP anomaly tends to intrude into the southern mid-latitudes.Accordingly,three strong signals travel synchronously along the circumSouth-Pacific path,and a relatively weak signal extends eastward and poleward over the South Ocean in the Atlantic-Indian Ocean sector.Following the propagation of these signals,the AAO phase tends to be reversed progressively.As a result,there exists an evident lead-lag correlation between CTI and AAOI.It can be concluded that ENSO plays a key role in the phase transition of AAO at the QQ timescale.It is also noticed that this regular relationship is only evident in the canonical ENSO events,for which sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies extend westward from the tropical eastern Pacific.On the other hand,the similar relationships are not found among those atypical ENSO events for which SST anomalies spread eastward from the central Pacific,such as the 1982-1983 ENSO event.     

银鲳繁育生物学研究进展

银鲳(Pampus argenteus)隶属于鲈形目(Perciformes)、鲳科(Stromateidae)、鲳属(Pampus),广泛分布于印度-西太平洋,南起波斯湾至印度尼西亚,北至日本北海道[1].银鲳在中国诸海域均有分布,其资源量以东海北部近海最高,其次是南部近海和北部外海,南部外海和台湾海峡较低[2].历史上银鲳为兼捕对象,产量不高.1960年以后,由于大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)、小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)野生资源相继衰退,银鲳资源得到进一步开发利用,逐渐成为专业捕捞对象.近20 a来,中国银鲳的年捕捞产量呈连续上升趋势,但其资源状况却不容乐观,李长松等[2]调查发现中国东海区银鲳的年龄、长度组成、性成熟等生物学指标均逐渐趋小.     

南海北部新生代构造运动厘定及与油气成藏关系探讨

通过分析并参考前人对南海构造运动的划分方案以及浅水区研究成果,结合深水区取得的最新认识,对新生代以来南海北部的构造运动重新进行厘定,共划分为四次构造运动:晚白垩世末的神狐运动、中始新世末开始的珠琼运动(包括一幕和二幕)、晚渐新世末的南海运动以及中中新世末的东沙运动,并认为这四次构造运动对烃源岩的发育以及油气运聚成藏起着重要的控制作用。     

珠江磨刀门水道咸潮上溯加剧的原因

对磨刀门水道不同年份地形资料和多年枯季潮位资料进行了对比分析,结果表明:大规模的河床采砂,引起磨刀门上游河段河床大幅下切,河道深泓平均加深0.59~2.25 m,河槽容积平均增加8.91×106~12.11×106m3,使该河段枯季潮差增大,进潮量增加,潮汐动力增强,导致咸水界向上游河段推移;口门围垦整治后,磨刀门口门区由众多岛屿环抱而成的内海区变成人工导堤控制的"一主一支"两条水道,水域面积减少了80%,河槽容积减少了40%,深槽趋于顺直加深,使口门区的"调淡"作用消失,这是咸潮上溯的重要原因;根据多年水文频率分析,发生严重咸潮灾害时,西、北江枯季流量并非都是枯水流量,因此枯季上游来水量变化并不是近年来咸潮灾害加剧的主要原因。     

无居民海岛生态补偿机制初探

以无居民海岛为研究对象,将生态补偿机制引入无居民海岛管理领域,介绍了生态补偿机制的概念,阐述了构建无居民海岛生态补偿机制的现实意义、基本原则和重点内容,为我国无居民海岛的管理实践提供参考。     

不同培养基对小球藻Chlorella zofingiensis生长和虾青素产量的影响

研究了小球藻Chlorella zofingiensis在3种不同培养基CZ-M1, Kuhl 和 KM1中培养时生物量和虾青素的产量.结果表明, Kuhl最利于小球藻的生长, 比生长速率、最大细胞干重和得率最高, 虾青素含量最低;KM1培养基最利于虾青素的积累.采用优化后的培养基KM1, 添加葡萄糖诱导培养小球藻, 可以获得8.99g·L-1的藻细胞干重, 虾青素产量和含量分别达到20.1mg·L-1和2.24mg·g-1.     

桩74块Es_3下Ⅱ油组低渗透油藏储层非均质性研究

从储层岩性、成岩作用、隔夹层研究等方面入手,利用渗透率变异系数、突进系数、级差、隔夹层参数以及孔隙度、渗透率的变化对桩74块低渗油藏进行了储层非均质性研究。Es_3下Ⅱ油组储层为中孔、特低渗的湖底扇碎屑岩,渗透率与主流孔喉半径具有良好的相关性,成岩作用的差异是造成储层非均质性差异的一个因素。自下而上层内非均质性逐渐加强。夹层不甚发育,对储层非均质性影响不大。层间非均质较强,隔层发育,对储层非均质性影响较大。