CASS在城镇地籍数据库建设中的应用

CASS地形地籍成图软件是基于AutoCAD平台技术的数字化测绘数据采集系统,而城镇地籍管理系统普遍采用GIS平台进行处理空间矢量化数据,另外地形、地籍属性等数据均需要无损导入GIS平台。结合某市1∶500城镇地籍数据库建设,浅析地籍数据库建设中利用CASS软件进行数据采集的方法,为国土管理部门提供参考。     

黄河源玛曲段全新世风成黄土-古土壤序列风化成壤特征以及古气候演变

通过对青藏高原东北部黄河源开展广泛细致的野外考察,选择位于玛曲段黄河左岸第二级河流阶地（T2）之上,赋存典型风成黄土-古土壤序列的达尔琼东（DEQ-E）剖面进行系统采样。在室内对采集样品进行了磁化率、烧失量、吸湿水、粒度、土壤微形态、地球化学元素和光释光（OSL）测年等综合分析,结论表明：(1)黄河源玛曲段DEQ-E剖面地层序列由上至下依次为现代草甸土层（MS）-全新世中期古土壤层（S0）-全新世早期过渡性黄土层（Lt）-阶地漫滩相沉积层（T2-al）;(2)黄河源玛曲段DEQ-E剖面风成黄土-古土壤序列风化成壤强度呈现出全新世中期古土壤层（S0）>全新世早期过渡性黄土层（Lt）>现代草甸土层（MS）的变化特征;(3)黄河源全新世的古气候演变可分为3个阶段：全新世早期（11000 a BP—9000 a BP）,西风势力减弱,东亚夏季风逐步增强,气温趋于变暖,降水有所增加;全新世中期（9000 a BP—3100 a BP）,东亚夏季风作用强盛,气候整体温暖湿润;全新世晚期（3100 a BP以来）,东亚夏季风衰退,西风势力有所增强,导致气候转向干冷。该研究成果有助于理解青...     

中国滑雪场可达性及市场潜力测度

利用可达性分析方法与潜力模型对中国滑雪场空间分布格局与市场潜力进行了系统分析,全面认识了滑雪场在交通可达性方面的优劣势,并针对不同区域提出了相应的发展或改进方向.研究表明:中国滑雪场距离城市中心的平均最短旅行时间为1.24 h,南方可达性普遍较差,北方同一城市内部差异较大.全国各城市到达某一滑雪场的最短时间呈圈层式分布...     

同位素水化学指示的新疆孔雀河流域地下水与地表水关系

地下水是孔雀河流域农业灌溉的主要水源之一,其对本地区经济发展的支撑作用日益增强.为实现孔雀河流域水资源合理开发和生态保护,采用环境同位素和水化学方法,研究了孔雀河流域地下水与地表水关系.结果表明:地下水的主要补给来源为河水.含水层成因类型和现代河道分布共同控制着孔雀河流域地下咸淡水的空间分布格局;氢氧稳定同位素对不同水...     

Potential Influence of a Developing La Niña on the Sea-Ice Reduction in the Barents–Kara Seas

Abstract

The potential influence of a developing La Niña on Arctic sea-ice annual variability is investigated using both observational data and an atmospheric general circulation model. It is found that during the developing phase of an eastern Pacific (EP) La Niña event in June, July, and August (JJA) and September, October, and November (SON), the sea-ice concentration (SIC) over the Barents–Kara Seas declines more than 15%. The local atmospheric circulation pattern associated with the EP La Niña is characterized as a weak decrease in geopotential height over the Barents–Kara Seas, combined with an anticyclone in the North Atlantic. The corresponding southerly winds push warm waters northward into the key sea-ice reduction region and directly accelerate sea-ice melt. Meanwhile, the abundant moisture contained in the lower troposphere is transported into the Arctic region by winds resulting from the local barotropic structure. The humid atmosphere contributes to both net shortwave and longwave radiation and thus indirectly accelerates the decline in sea ice. Simulations by the European Centre Hamburg Model, version 5.4, are forced by observed sea surface temperature anomalies associated with EP La Niña events. The results of the simulations capture the North Atlantic anticyclone and reproduce the moisture transport, which supports the premise that an EP La Niña plays a crucial role in sea-ice reduction over the Barents–Kara sector from the perspective of atmospheric circulation and net surface heat flux.     

ON SOME KEY SEDIMENTATION PROBLEMS OF THREE GORGES PROJECT (TGP)

I. INTRODUCTIONThe Three Gorges Project (TGP) being planned is to be located on the Yangtze River at Sandouplug, 44 km upstream of Yichang (Fig. l). A scheme studied in the feasibility stage has the crest ofthe dam placed at 185 m with a maximums height o…     

Oscillatory Rossby Solitary Waves in the Atmosphere

The linear Rossby wave frequency expression is expanded at higher accuracy based on the scale difference char?acteristics of atmospheric long waves in the and directions. That the nature of the waves represented by the expan?sion is identical to that of the original ones is demonstrated both in phase velocity and wave energy dispersion speed , followed by the derivation of the nonlinear expression describing atmospheric long wave behaviors with the associated approximate analytic solution obtained. Then, for the first time atmospheric’ oscillatory Rossby solitary wave’ with its dispersion relation is obtained by numerical calculation with the aid of physical parameters of the real atmosphere. The solitary wave is found to be very close to such longwave systems as blocking highs and cut-off de?pressions in the actual atmosphere.     

拱形波纹钢屋盖动力特性测试及分析

拱形波纹钢屋盖是一种新颖的金属拱形薄壳结构，在我国已经得到了广泛的应用。由于结构的复杂性，目前有关的理论研究尚不够深入，动力研究还很少有人涉及。以18m和30m两种跨度的W666型拱形波纹钢屋盖为研究对象，测试了拱在竖向平面内振动时的频率、振型及阻尼。在所提简化计算模型的基础上，采用有限元方法计算了结构的动力特性，其结果与试验数据符合较好。测试和分析结果为该结构的动力反应研究提供了方便。     

上海地震台阵对2004年12月26日印度洋地震的精确定位

通过对上海地震台网和上海地震台阵对2004年12月26日印度洋地震的定位结果与NEIC定位结果的比较，得出上海台阵定位结果比上海台网的定位结果更加精确。     

Significance of variations in the wind energy environment over the past 50 years with respect to dune activity and desertification in arid and semiarid northern China

Climate data from 339 meteorological stations collected from the 1950s to the early 2000s was employed to discuss aeolian activity in arid and semiarid northern China. The results show that at decadal time scales, erosivity varied greatly in this region. Most of arid and semiarid northern China was characterised by environments with moderate to low wind energy. After the 1980s, the erosivity was only 20 to 50% of that beforehand, and this difference had a significant impact on the environmental changes observed during the two periods. The dune mobility index was consistent with the observed dune activity. After the 1980s dune activity decreased and in some deserts with vegetated dune systems during the 1970s most of the dune plinths were active until the 1980s, after which only the crests were active. Some mobile dunes that had developed at the margins of mobile deserts were replaced by semi-anchored or anchored dunes. Because most desert areas with vegetated dune systems in arid and semiarid northern China are used for farming or grazing, the results of our monitoring show that the desertification trends were consistent with the trends in erosivity and dune activity in this region. Desertification was controlled much more by climatic changes than has previously been acknowledged, and especially by fluctuations in wind energy.