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三明市茶树气候条件分析及气候区划

对三明市茶树生产的气候条件分析结果表明 ,降水、光照及平均温度、积温等条件基本能满足茶树生产的需要 ,制约茶树生产的主要因素是冬季的极端最低气温 ,以此为区划指标建立气候区划模型 ,利用地理信息系统和Arcview软件制作分布图 ,并结合三明市茶树生产的实际情况 ,将茶树生产分为 3个生产区域 :乌龙茶为主绿茶为辅区、绿茶为主乌龙茶为辅区和绿茶与乌龙茶并重区 ,并提出茶树生产趋利避害的措施。     

山东东营凹陷沙河街组纹层年龄估算方法探讨

渤海湾盆地位于北纬35°—42°之间,中始新世沙河街组四段上部和三段沉积期间,在气候上属于中亚热带,湖泊水体较为稳定,并出现季节性分层,因此沉积常显示出暗灰和浅灰色的年纹层(或称偶层)。根据不少国内外湖泊纹泥统计和14C测定和频谱分析的对比,认为纹层可以作为地层定年工具。纹层年龄计算方法研究对含油盆地成烃成藏定量研究具有重要意义。东营凹陷年纹层计算方法有两种,或选定含纹层岩芯样品进行岩石薄片和电子探针观察和测定,取得年纹层间隔与元素峰值统计;或选取一段含纹层的测井数据作天文400ka、40ka或20ka周期地层年龄计算。通过两种方法求出东营凹陷通29井等沙三段—沙四上亚段堆积速率的比较,前者薄片和探针方法得到的平均速率为0.1078mm/a,后者天文的方法得到的是0.1280mm/a,两者计算差只有0.0172mm/a。因此应用两种方法来计算地层年龄和对比是可行的。前者求纹层方法更为直观,但岩芯和电子探针的测定费用较大,而相比而言,用油田测井数据作天文地层堆积速率和年龄的计算,在经济上、时间上可能胜于前者。     

Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphy of a Back-Arc Basin： A Case Study of the Qom Formation in the Kashan Area, Central Iran

The Qom Formation comprises Oligo-Miocene deposits from a marine succession distributed in the Central Basin of Iran. It is composed of five members designated as A-F. Little previous work exists on the sequence stratigraphy. Based on an integrated study of sequence stratigraphy with outcrop data, wells and regional seismic profiles, the Qom Formation is interpreted as a carbonate succession deposited in a mid-Tertiary back-arc basin. There are two second-order sequences (designated as SS1 and SS2) and five third-order sequences (designated as S1-S5). Five distinct systems tracts including transgressive, highstand, forced regressive, slope margin and lowstand have been recognized. The relationship between the sequences and lithologic sub-units has been collated and defined (S1 to S5 individually corresponding to A-C1, C2-C4, D-E, the lower and upper portions of F); a relative sea level change curve and the sequence stratigraphic framework have been established and described in detail. The coincidence of relative sea level change between that of the determined back-arc basin and the world indicates that the sedimentary cycles of the Qom Formation are mainly controlled by eustatic cycles. The variable combination of the systems tracts and special tectonic-depositional setting causally underpin multiple sequence stratigraphic framework styles seen in the carbonates of the back-arc basin revealing: (1) a continental margin basin that developed some form of barrier, characterized by the development of multiple cycles of carbonate-evaporites; (2) a flat carbonate ramp, which occurred on the southern shelf formed by the lack of clastic supply from nearby magmatic islands plus mixed siliciclastics and carbonates that occurred on the northern shelf due to a sufficient clastics supply from the land; and (3) a forced regressive stratigraphic stacking pattern that occured on the southern shelf and in basin lows due to the uplifting of the southern shelf. Thick and widespread aggradational framework limestone usually occurs in the initial sequences (S1 and S3) of the supersequence, which led to preferential oil reservoir deposition but a lack of source and cap rocks, whereas the retrogradational and progradational framework limestone usually occurs in the later sequences (S2 and S4-S5) of the supersequence, which results in two perfect sets of source, reservoir and cap rock assemblies, so that the limestone in sub-member C2-C4 and the F-Member can be predicted as important objects for oil exploration.     

大同及邻区地震网格化相关分析及预测意义

利用华北地区1970～2009年的ML3.0以上地震资料,用相关分析方法,研究了大同及邻区的中小地震空间分布模式及其在该区中强地震前的异常情况.在确定空间范围、时间窗和时间滑动步长后,将地震的空间分布进行网格化再转化为序列;对一个时段内及其稍长时段内的地震空间分布进行序列化,计算两个序列的相关系数并分析相关系数在中强地震前的变化.结果表明,在以1989年大同-阳高5.9级地震震中为中心,取经向和纬向均为1.6°的矩形区域,时段长为3600天,稍长时段取3700天,滑动步长取100天的情况下,1980～2009年的相关系数的时间序列值基本在0.94 ～ 1.00之间波动,但在1989年山西大同-阳高5.9级、1991年山西大同5.8级与1999年山西浑源5.6级地震前2年均出现过相关系数小于0.94的异常现象,表明地震的空间分布出现明显变化.分析相关系数异常对于中强地震的前兆意义,得到以下3点认识:①大同及周边地区的中强地震前,可将中小地震空间分布模式发生的显著变化,作为2年尺度的震兆异常,为该区中期地震预测提供时间的参考;②考虑到研究区的限定范围为震中周边0.8°以内,地震时空分布的相关分析结果对于地震地点的预测也是有意义的;③相关分析可以为识别此类地震空间分布模式的异常变化提供帮助.     

苹果种植适宜性数据集成管理研究——以天水地区为例

苹果种植适宜性分析是一个复杂、模糊、典型的半结构化问题,分析准则和结果往往依据分析者或环境而变化,所需数据量大,如何很好地管理和应用这些数据,以便很好地解决该问题,并为后续苹果种植产业决策提供支持,本文基于土地现状诊断的改进版FAO《土地评价纲要》研究苹果种植适宜性,同时结合GIS、数据库技术研究与实现其数据库模型,以助于多元数据的集成和管理,提高苹果种植适宜性分析效率,效果明显。     

GeoPark发展动向、全球网络及若干问题探讨

联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)为了保护自然遗产特别是地质遗产,于2001年通过了支持各成员国建立Geopark并形成全球网络的建议,这个建议在全球得到积极响应,尤其是欧洲和中国以及国际地理联合会(IGU).中国是全球建立Geopark最早的国家之一,目前已有182个国家Geopark,其中24个为全球Geopark网...     

油气藏成藏期构造应力场与油气聚集

本文重点讨论桥口油田成藏期构造应力场研究方法和分布规律,论述了构造应力场对构造体系、沉积体系及油气形成和分布的控制作用;提出了NNE向主导构造控制研究区油气的形成和分布,预测了有利含油气区。     

柴达木盆地茫崖坳陷古近系—新近系R_o分布特征及地质意义

柴达木盆地西部的茫崖坳陷是青海油田的主力油气产区 ,对该区古近系—新近系镜质组反射率(Ro)进行了系统研究 ,发现其垂向分布有两种规律 :一是 Ro 与垂深有良好的线性关系 ,多分布在坳陷中央 ,反映了沉积环境、物源和构造的稳定性较好 ;二是 Ro 与垂深呈右阶状 ,反映了逆冲叠覆。此外 ,通过 EASY% Ro 方法计算了研究区地层剥蚀厚度 ,认为干柴沟—油泉子为英雄岭隆起的主轴 ,因为剥蚀了 36 0 0～ 375 0 m,所以英雄岭主峰在地形上呈现出隆起主轴的假貌。通过地层剥蚀厚度的研究 ,还发现油气田主要分布在剥蚀梯度带上。这一结论对柴达木盆地油气勘探开发具有重要意义     

Tracing environmental narratives: a web-based tool for the analysis and visualization of georeferenced narratives

A growing number of studies have used standalone GPS or smartphones to track where people move and the environment to which they expose. In the same time, questionnaire, survey, and travel diaries have been used to capture people’s perception, emotions, and interactions with the nearby environment. The growing volume of qualitative data together with locational information calls for new ways to conveniently, intuitively, and visually convey georeferenced narratives. In this study, we developed a web-based tool that automatically processes GPS trajectories and narratives, displays information regarding travel routes and georeferenced environmental perception. Our georeferenced word-cloud approach provides an innovative way to visualize qualitative information. The developed platform can be widely used in community engagement and participatory planning processes to empower the local communities.