全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5093篇 |
免费 | 1041篇 |
国内免费 | 1530篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 423篇 |
大气科学 | 1027篇 |
地球物理 | 1060篇 |
地质学 | 2858篇 |
海洋学 | 831篇 |
天文学 | 174篇 |
综合类 | 523篇 |
自然地理 | 768篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 47篇 |
2023年 | 135篇 |
2022年 | 299篇 |
2021年 | 300篇 |
2020年 | 295篇 |
2019年 | 314篇 |
2018年 | 347篇 |
2017年 | 284篇 |
2016年 | 359篇 |
2015年 | 309篇 |
2014年 | 359篇 |
2013年 | 320篇 |
2012年 | 324篇 |
2011年 | 332篇 |
2010年 | 362篇 |
2009年 | 378篇 |
2008年 | 314篇 |
2007年 | 262篇 |
2006年 | 211篇 |
2005年 | 198篇 |
2004年 | 166篇 |
2003年 | 156篇 |
2002年 | 170篇 |
2001年 | 151篇 |
2000年 | 154篇 |
1999年 | 183篇 |
1998年 | 141篇 |
1997年 | 130篇 |
1996年 | 101篇 |
1995年 | 99篇 |
1994年 | 73篇 |
1993年 | 81篇 |
1992年 | 62篇 |
1991年 | 47篇 |
1990年 | 29篇 |
1989年 | 36篇 |
1988年 | 26篇 |
1987年 | 25篇 |
1986年 | 19篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 2篇 |
1957年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有7664条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
AbstractUnder seismic loading, the soil layer is subjected to multidirectional cyclic shear stress with different amplitudes and frequencies because of the coupling of multiple shear waves and the soil element within a slope or behind a retaining wall is subjected to initial static shear stress before subjected to cyclic loading. Due to the complexity of seismic loading propagation, a phase difference exists between the initial static shear stress and cyclic shear stress. To investigate the influence of the phase difference and initial static shear stress on cyclic shear strain, cyclic modulus, and cyclic strength, a series of laboratory tests are performed on Wenzhou marine soft clay by multi-directional simple shear system, which can simulate the actual state better by controlling the horizontal cyclic stress in the x and y directions simultaneously. As the phase difference varies from 0° to 90°, the dynamic shear modulus increases and cyclic strain accumulation decreases with an increasing number of cycles. The shear strain increases with the initial shear stress. 相似文献
42.
基于多旋翼无人机倾斜摄影测量的沙丘三维形态研究 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
无人机倾斜摄影技术是近年来发展起来的新型测量方法,具有高效率、高精度、非接触、大范围等优点。本研究采用多旋翼无人机,结合精确测定的地面控制点,实现了对新月形沙丘群三维形态的精确测量。结果表明:无人机倾斜摄影测量的均方根误差小于18 mm,可以满足大比例尺地形测量的要求。利用该技术获取的多种测量参数表明,新月形沙丘二维与三维形态之间存在良好的相关性,基于这些关系,可以实现二维遥感影像量测结果向沙丘高度、沙丘体积等三维参数的转换。沙丘剖面形态可以采用非线性函数精确描述,为沙丘形态精确建模提供了参考。无人机倾斜摄影技术获取的沙丘三维形态参数,对于深入认识沙丘形态动力过程具有重要参考价值。 相似文献
43.
Increasing numbers of approaches to assess eutrophication, such as estuarine trophic status, the Oslo-Paris Commission Common Procedure, and the Water Framework Directive, focus on the symptoms of eutrophication. In China, however, nutrient index methods dominate the assessment of coastal waters. In this study, an integrated method that includes both water quality and ecological response was compared with the Northwest Pacifi c Action Plan (NOWPAP) Common Procedure. Observation data from Jiaozhou Bay, Shandong, China, were used in a comparison of the two methods in a trophic status study. Overall, both clearly revealed a high level of nutrient enrichment in the bay, indicated by high nutrient concentrations. Though the two methods diff ered in their methodological design in the assessment of the ecological eff ects of nutrient enrichment, they have acquired similar results: the integrated method suggested that the status was good, and the NOWPAP Common Procedure suggested that the status was low (indicating that the bay had no serious eutrophication problem). The introduction of fi lter feeders (shellfi sh aquaculture) into the bay on a reasonable scale may have been eff ective in mitigating eutrophic conditions, and perhaps explains the low ecological impacts there. Our results will be useful to ecosystem-based eutrophication management in the bay and in similar areas. 相似文献
44.
45.
46.
In recent years, fish invasion has become one of the main reasons for the decline of nativefish stocks. Pseudorasbora parva is considered one of the major invasive species worldwide. The present study investigated the fish resources of the Chabalang Wetland(Lhasa, Tibet) during dif ferent seasons in2009 and 2013. Four hundred and twelve individuals were subsampled to estimate age, growth, and feeding habit of P. parva. Furthermore, food relationships between P. parva and the native Schizothoracinae fish were also examined. The results revealed a significant shift in species composition and community structure characterized by the disappearance of native fish and outbreak of non-native fish. The percentage of nonnative P. parva in the fish collections significantly increased from 33.64% in 2009 to 64.08% in 2013.The standard length(SL) ranged from 22.00 to 78.71 mm, and their age was 1–5 a. The von Bertalanf fy function was used to model the observed length-at-age data as Lt =112.19(1– e~(-0.1495(t +0.8012))) for females and as Lt =123.12(1– e~(-0.1500(t +0.7132))) for males. The results indicated that P. parva in Tibet has lower growth and mortality rates compared with that from the native ranges. Ninety-seven prey taxa belonging to 9 prey categories were identified in the gut of 38 P. parva. P. parva can be considered a generalized and opportunistic predator, competing with the native fish, especially Schizothorax o'connori, Schizopygopsis younghusbandi younghusbandi, and Ptychobarbus dipogon, for Bacillariophyta and Chironomid larvae.This is an important reason for the decline in native fish population. 相似文献
47.
胶州湾及其邻近河流中壬基酚等有机污染物的分布特征 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
为分析青岛胶州湾及其邻近河流中的壬基酚(NP)及其短链氧乙烯醚母体化合物、壬基酚单氧乙烯醚(NP1EO)和壬基酚二氧乙烯醚(NP2EO)的污染状况和分布特征,在研究区域内设置了17个站位分别采集了海水和沉积物样品,样品经萃取、浓缩、净化后采用气质联用仪测定各污染物的浓度。胶州湾水体中的NP、NP1EO和NP2EO的浓度分别为20.2-268.7、11.2-200.4和4.8-32.5ng/L。胶州湾沉积物中上述3种污染物的浓度分别为3.6-299.3、3.8-25.2和4.9-103.2ng/g。胶州湾邻近河流中的污染物浓度远远高于湾内,其中墨水河的污染最严重,水体和沉积物中NP的浓度分别达到28656ng/L和31704ng/g。与世界其他海湾NP等污染物的浓度相比,胶州湾属于严重污染地区之一,已经超出了其生物效应临界浓度。研究区域内50%的站位中NP浓度已经超过导致扇贝苗死亡的临界浓度,10%的站位已经超过引起雄性鱼类雌性化的临界浓度。 相似文献
48.
The response of subaqueous dunes to the variation of riverine sediment supply in an estuary is rarely reported. Five sets of field measurements of bed sediments and topography were made in the Changjiang estuary, China during dry and flood seasons for the past 9 years. Results show that dunes were mainly three-dimensional (3D) during flood seasons and two-dimensional (2D) dunes during dry seasons. Dunes were also much larger in flood seasons. Dunes mainly occurred within the main channels of the estuary although they extended 11.7 km seaward of their normal extent in the South Channel during dry seasons from 2002 to 2006. This extension of the dune field is likely due to a sharp decline of sediment discharge caused by large reservoirs such as Three Gorges. 相似文献
49.
Fe对眼点拟微球藻的生长和脂肪酸组成的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了铁对眼点拟微球藻(Nannochloropsis oculata)的生长和脂肪酸组成的影响.结果表明: Fe2 浓度在0~0.5 mmol/L的范围内,细胞比增长速率随Fe2 浓度的升高而降低.与对照组相比,随着Fe2 浓度的升高,细胞中主要的饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的比例有所降低,而多不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的比例则有较大的提高.另外,在一定范围内(0~0.3 mmol/L),Fe2 浓度的升高则会促使细胞内积累二十碳五烯酸(EPA).细胞生长和EPA积累的最适Fe2 浓度是0.05 mmol/L,在这一浓度下细胞比增长速率为0.236±0.020 d-1,细胞中EPA质量分数比对照组提高约24%. 相似文献
50.
����GPS�������е�������Ŀ������о� 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:5
?????????12??GPS???????????????????????????GPS???????????????????????????????????GPS?????????????б???????????????3mm?????????????????????????仯????????????????????????? 相似文献