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81.
Domenico Antonio De Luca Cesare Comina Manuela Lasagna Enrico Destefanis Luciano Masciocco Alberto Godio Stefano Stocco 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(1):19
Aquifer overexploitation is a common problem in drinking water management. This will become more and more important given the general reduction of water resources. To overcome overexploitation, one of the most adopted solutions is the relocation of extraction wells. To establish the positions of new wells, a precise knowledge of the hydrogeological setting is required. Specific surveys are therefore necessary to obtain information over wide investigation zones. Geophysical methods, particularly electromagnetic and electrical, can be useful with this aim. In the present paper a case history on the combined use of Electric Resistivity Tomography and Time Domain Electromagnetic soundings is reported. Surveys have been performed within the Maggiore and Traversola Valleys, to investigate the uppermost part of the Quaternary deposits, hosting the near surface aquifer. The electromagnetic data have been inverted with a spatially constrained approach by assuming a quasi 1D model of the subsurface. Geophysical surveys allowed for depicting the depth and lateral continuity of the supposed aquifer level in the surveyed area up to a depth of about 200 m and proposing potential positions for well relocation. 相似文献
82.
Andrea Cannata Giuseppe Di Grazia Marco Aliotta Carmelo Cassisi Placido Montalto Domenico Patanè 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2013,170(11):1751-1771
Volcanoes generate a broad range of seismo-volcanic and infrasonic signals, whose features and variations are often closely related to volcanic activity. The study of these signals is hence very useful in the monitoring and investigation of volcano dynamics. The analysis of seismo-volcanic and infrasonic signals requires specifically developed techniques due to their unique characteristics, which are generally quite distinct compared with tectonic and volcano-tectonic earthquakes. In this work, we describe analysis methods used to detect and locate seismo-volcanic and infrasonic signals at Mt. Etna. Volcanic tremor sources are located using a method based on spatial seismic amplitude distribution, assuming propagation in a homogeneous medium. The tremor source is found by calculating the goodness of the linear regression fit (R 2) of the log-linearized equation of the seismic amplitude decay with distance. The location method for long-period events is based on the joint computation of semblance and R 2 values, and the location method of very long-period events is based on the application of radial semblance. Infrasonic events and tremor are located by semblance–brightness- and semblance-based methods, respectively. The techniques described here can also be applied to other volcanoes and do not require particular network geometries (such as arrays) but rather simple sparse networks. Using the source locations of all the considered signals, we were able to reconstruct the shallow plumbing system (above sea level) during 2011. 相似文献
83.
Domenico M. Doronzo 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2013,75(1):1-6
An aeromechanic analysis of pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) past a building is carried out on the results of a computer simulation. The analysis shows that PDCs strongly interact with buildings, resulting in turbulent boundary layer separation and recirculation. These results could be used to better assess the hazard of PDCs impacting urban areas and be of service to civil protection authorities and urban planners who work in active volcanic areas. 相似文献
84.
Parameterization of historical earthquakes in Switzerland 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Sonia álvarez-Rubio Philipp K?stli Donat F?h Souad Sellami Domenico Giardini 《Journal of Seismology》2012,16(1):1-24
Macroseismic earthquake parameters of historical events have been reassessed in the framework of the update of the Earthquake
Catalogue of Switzerland ECOS-09. The Bakun and Wentworth method (Bakun and Wentworth 1997) has been used to assess location, magnitude, and, when possible, focal depth. We apply a two-step procedure. Intensity attenuation
is assessed first by fitting a model with a logarithmic and a linear term, using a set of 111 earthquakes. The magnitude range
is 3 and 5.8. Then, intensity to magnitude relation is developed. A subset of the 111 events, all having an instrumental moment
magnitude, was used to perform this intensity to magnitude calibration. Five final calibration strategies were developed based
on different intensity calibration datasets, regionalized or non-regionalized models, and fixed or variable source depth.
The final assessment of the macroseismic earthquake parameters is based on an expert judgment procedure, using the results
derived from all five strategies, and taking into consideration the historical knowledge available for the particular earthquake.
A bootstrap procedure has been applied to assess the uncertainty of parameters. Indicative lower and upper bounds of uncertainty
are derived from distributions of location and magnitude for a number of events, obtained through bootstrap sampling of the
intensity field and of the single intensity values. The final uncertainties are given in terms of parameter uncertainty classes
already used in previous versions of the earthquake catalogue of Switzerland. 相似文献
85.
86.
Gaetano Robustelli Federica Luc Fabio Corbi Teresa Pelle Francesco Dramis Giandomenico Fubelli Fabio Scarciglia Francesco Muto Domenico Cugliari 《Geomorphology》2009,106(3-4):165-179
In this paper we present the results of an integrated geomorphological, pedological and stratigraphical study carried out along the Ionian coast of northern Calabria (southern Italy). This area is characterised by the occurrence of five orders of alluvial terraces that are striking features of the landscape, where large and steep catchments debouch from the mountain front to the hilly coastal belt.Field investigations indicate that the deposits of all five terraces are suggestive of shallow gravel-bed braided streams.On the basis of the age of the Pleistocene substratum and morphostratigraphic correlation with marine terraces cropping out in the nearby areas, each order has been associated to specific marine oxygen isotope stages.Consequently, we focused on the interplay of allocyclic factors influencing stream aggradation/degradation. Soil features and other climatic proxies suggest that climate didn't play an important role with respect to tectonic and base-level changes in controlling fluvial dynamics.In particular, we recognised that during the middle Pleistocene the study area experienced a period of subaerial landscape modelling, as suggested by the thick and complex alluvial sequence of the highest terrace (T1). The onset of regional uplift marks a change in the geomorphic scenario, with tectonic and eustatically driven changes in base-level working together in causing switches in fluvial aggradational/erosional phases (T2–T5 terraces). Because of the uplift, river dissection occurred during phases of sea level fall, whereas aggradation phases occurred during periods of climate amelioration (sea level rise) just before highstands were attained.As a consequence, the stepped terraces in the study area reflect the interplay between tectonics (uplift) and sea level changes, in which terraces define episodes of relative sea level fall during the late Quaternary. 相似文献
87.
88.
89.
Antonio Di Cesare Felice Carlo Ponzo Domenico Nigro 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2014,12(6):2777-2796
The advantages of passive supplemental dampers for performance enhancement of new and existing structures have been demonstrated extensively in the past. The big amount of experimental tests carried out all over the world on framed structures upgraded by energy dissipating bracing (EDB) systems based on hysteretic dampers (HDs), have shown their effectiveness in reducing seismic effects on buildings. The mechanical characteristics of the HDs in some cases may be different from those arising by the design procedure due to industrial tolerance or because of some damage suffered during previous earthquakes. In order to assess the robustness of this technique, in terms of capacity of seismic vibrations control even for significant changes in the mechanical characteristics of the EDB system respect to the design ones, in this paper experimental tests and parametric nonlinear time history analysis have been carried out changing the characteristics of the HD stiffness and strength. The experimental results refer to the shaking table tests performed at the Structural Laboratory of the University of Basilicata within a wide research program, named Joint Experimental Testing on Passive and semiActive Control Systems. The program has been completely funded by the Italian Department of Civil Protection within the activity of the Research Line 7 of the ReLUIS (Italian Network of University Laboratories of Earthquake Engineering) 2005–2008 project. A displacement-focused design procedure has been considered to evaluate the mechanical characteristics of the dissipating system, with the aim of limiting inter-storey drifts after frame yielding. From the experimental point of view, two design solutions have been tested for chevron braces equipped with HD, assuming the same stiffness but different values of both ductility demand and yield strength of the HDs. Moreover, parametric studies have been performed through numerical simulations. This paper provides an overview of the experimental set up and briefly summarizes the experimental outcomes and the comparison with the results of numerical nonlinear time history analysis. Moreover, the results of the parametric analysis for the assessment of the performances of the dissipating system in controlling structural response are presented. 相似文献
90.
Nicolas Deichmann John Clinton Stephan Husen Florian Haslinger Donat Fäh Domenico Giardini Philipp Kästli Urs Kradolfer Iris Marschall Stefan Wiemer 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2009,102(3):505-514
This report of the Swiss Seismological Service summarizes the seismic activity in Switzerland and surrounding regions during
2008. During this period, 451 earthquakes and 75 quarry blasts were detected and located in the region under consideration.
The three strongest events occurred in the Valais, near Lac des Toules (ML 3.6), and in Graubünden, near Ilanz (ML 3.7) and Paspels (ML 4.0). Although felt by the population, they were not reported to have caused any damage. However, with a total of only 15
events with ML ≥ 2.5, the seismic activity in the year 2008 was far below the average over the previous 33 years. 相似文献