Paleoenvironmental implications of the guano phosphatic cementation on Dongdao Island in the South China Sea

The phosphatic cement in the bioclastic sediment sequence on the northeastern shore of Dongdao Island in the South China Sea was studied and its paleoenvironmental implications discussed. Petrological characteristics and major, trace, REE element data unequivocally supported the notion that phosphatization was closely associated with avian guano decomposition and leaching, whereas carbon and oxygen isotope results further revealed that meteoric water were involved in these processes. AMS ¹⁴C dates on the brown phosphate cements indicate that they were formed around 5700, 5000–5100 and 2900 yr BP, respectively. The multi-episodes of phosphatization very likely correspond to intermittent seabird occupation on this island — possibly reflecting Holocene sea-level oscillation and/or long term climate changes in the South China Sea that have controlled seabird habitat. The phosphate cementation, which occurs widely in tropical islands, may be another useful monitor for sea-level and/or paleoclimate changes.     

A culture-dependent survey of thermophilic bacteria from hot springs in Xiamen area in China

Microbes are believed to play important roles in ecosystem function in many environments. The hot springs of Xiamen Island are close to the Xiamen Sea, and may have some characteristics different from those of inland hot springs. Microbes living in the hot springs of Xiamen may have new characteristics. However, little is known about microbial communities of hot springs close to the Xiamen Sea. A culturedependent survey of microbial population in the Xiamen hot springs was performed by using an approach combining total cellular protein profile identification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A total of 328 isolates of bacteria were obtained from liquid and sediment samples from the Xiamen hot springs, including neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria and moderately thermophilic acidophiles. Neutrophilic thermophilic bacteria, which grow at a temperature range of 55—90℃ including Rhodothermus marinus (Strain 1), Thermus thermophilus (Strain 2), Thermus thiopara (Strain 3), Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Strain 4), Geobacillus thermoleovorans (Strain 5), and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes (Strain 6), were recovered by 2216E plates. Moderately thermophilic acidophiles, which can grow at temperatures above 50℃ and a pH range of 1.8—3.5 such as Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris (Strain 8), Sulfobacillus acidophilus (Strain 9), and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans (Strain 10), were isolated on selective solid medium containing sulfur and Fe2+. Among these strains, Rhodothermus marinus, Thermus thermophilus and Geobacillus stearothermophilus are not only thermophiles, but also halophiles. One bacterium strain (Strain 6) shared 99% nucleotide sequence homology with Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, but was quite different from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes in biological characteristics, suggesting that it may represent a novel thermophilic species. Results indicated that various species of neutrophilic thermophiles and moderately thermophilic acidophiles were widely distributed in the Xiamen hot springs and that Rhodothermus marinus and Thermus thermophilus dominated the cultivable microbial community.     

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一种地震数据多串口采集方法

地震监测系统常常使用串口异步通讯监测数据、传输命令,但由于核心器件所带的串口数量不足,通常需要扩展串口。提出以TL16C754B为核心器件的多串口数据采集方法,包括具体的系统电路的设计方法和部分驱动的编程源代码。由于该设计具有成本低、稳定性高、低耗、抗干扰能力强、电路简单等优点,已被成功地运用于微动台阵观测仪器中。     

GRACE与SLR J_2项时间序列的小波分析

利用小波功率谱分析和离散小波变换,对CNES/GRGS、CSR、GFZ等研究机构发布的GRACE时变重力位模型的J2项时间序列进行了周期分析和特征提取,并与利用SLR跟踪数据获得的J2项时间序列的分析结果进行了比较,结果显示:SLR跟踪数据获得的J2项相较GRACEJ2项具有更明显的季节性变化特征.GRACE 时变重力位模型的J2项中混淆进了161天的周期信号,是由海洋潮汐模型中存在的太阳半日分潮S2项的误差引起的.     

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热带西太平洋海洋上层热含量的分布特征及其年际变化的分析

选用海面至20℃等温线所处深度水层的平均温度来表征研究海域海洋上层热含量。利用这一特征值，分析1986—1990年期间热带西太平洋边缘海域海洋上层热含量在秋季的分布特征和年际变化。结果表明：（1）热含量呈南高北低分布，在7．5－22．1°N范围内。以130°E断面为代表，热含量的平均递减率为0．179（℃／纬度）；（2）热含量的分布主要取决于环流系统，其等值线因受黑潮和棉兰老海流的影响而由纬向分布转向经向分布。某些区域因受暖涡及冷涡的影响而呈封闭状分布；（3）热含量的年际变化与E1Nino事件存在着很好的相关性，在E1Nino事件发生期间，热含量变得很低，高热含量（大于26．5℃）海区的分布范围明显缩小。     

光合细菌在对虾育苗生产中的应用

１９９５年４月２４日～５月８日，在文登高岛盐场育苗场５０ｍ３水体育苗池，进行了用几株光合细菌（ＲｈｏｄｏｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓＳ．Ｐ．）混合菌液作为中国对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）苗期水质净化剂及辅助饵料，取得了明显效果。育苗池水透明度提高约２０ｃｍ，幼体挂脏率下降５０％，变态提早１ｄ左右，且多产仔虾百万尾     

海洋工程项目生态建设方案研究

为完善海洋工程项目的海洋环境影响评价和促进海洋生态文明建设,文章根据相关实践经验,从原则和依据、定位、生态空间和生态景观格局、污染物排放和控制、生态修复和补偿以及监测计划和保障等方面提出生态建设方案的内容,按照项目建设前、项目规划、项目设计和项目实施的全过程设置方案的程序,并以案例项目具体说明。在此基础上,总结目前海洋工程项目生态建设亟待解决的问题,即生态建设及其相关活动需重新定义、方案实施过程和效果的检验和评估无制度和规范保障以及方案编制缺乏整体性和区域性。     

Sea surface height anomaly and geostrophic circulation variations in the South China Sea from TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry

The sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) and geostrophic circulation in the South ChinaSea (SCS) are studied using TOPEX/POSE1DON (T/P) altimetry data. The SSHA, which is obtained after tidal correction based on the tidal results from T/P data, is predominated by seasonal alternating monsoons. The results reveal that the SSHA in the central part of the SCS is positive in spring and summer, but negative in autumn and winter. It is also found that the SSHA in the SCS can be approached with the sum of tidal constituents SA and SSA. The geostrophic circulations in the SCS are calculated according to sea surface dynamic topography, which is the sum of SSHA and mean sea surface height. It is suggested that the circulation in the upper layer of the SCS is generally cyclonic and notably western intensified during autumn and winter, while the western intensification is weak during spring and summer. It is also indicated that the Kuroshio intrudes into the northeastern SCS throuth the Luzon Strait in winter. But ther