Behavior of mercury in an urban river and its accumulation in aquatic plants

The characteristics of mercury in the aquatic environment have been intensively studied in mining areas with heavy mercury pollution but little work has been conducted in urban areas, with no significant Hg source. This paper presents a study of the Haihe River, which flows through an urban area in North China. The concentrations of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in the river water were 3.6–31.2 and 0.12–3.21 ng/l, and the corresponding values in river sediment were 22.9–374.8 and 0.03–0.46 μg/kg. These values are lower than the reported values from mining areas. The THg concentration in sediment samples collected from the urban areas was higher than that from the rural areas and the global background levels, indicating the influence of urbanization on mercury contamination. Samples of typical riparian and floating plants, reed and hornwort, were collected. Correlation analysis showed that sediment is the major source of THg and MeHg in reed and water is the major source of MeHg in hornwort. The higher bioaccumulation factor of reed indicates its higher potential to accumulate MeHg from the environment.     

新疆东天山红山金矿成矿时代研究

红山金矿区位于秋格明塔什—黄山韧性剪切带东段北缘,矿床成因研究表明,红山金矿的形成严格受该韧性剪切带控制,属于与韧性剪切带有关的糜棱岩型、超糜棱岩型矿床。花岗质糜棱岩中角闪石276.3Ma的Ar-Ar坪年龄给出了红山金矿床成矿事件的时代上限。金矿石样品中绢云母246.9Ma和246.5Ma的Ar-Ar坪年龄记录了金矿床主成矿期的时代。糜棱岩中新生白云母246.5Ma的Ar-Ar坪年龄,在误差范围内和金矿石样品中绢云母的Ar-Ar坪年龄完全一致,不仅为红山金矿床的剪切带型成因提供了进一步的佐证,也对金成矿时代给予了进一步的限定。     

Development of combined biological technology for treatment of high-strength organic wastewater and results of case studies

Our study group has developed a unique combined ters from the industries of dyestuff, pharmaceutical, chemical biological technology to treat high-strength organic wastewaengineering and zymolysis by using the principles of anaerobic ecological niche and bio-phase separation. The study obtained five national invention patents and eight patent equipments. This technology contains four kernel processes - two-phase anaerobic-aerobic process, hydrolysis-acidification-oxidation process, UASBAF-oxidation process, and internal cycling-hydrolysis-oxidation process. Fifteen pilot projects were accomplished in the basins of Tai Lake, Huai River, Liao River and Songhua River, and their total capital investment reached 185.214 million Yuan （RMB）. Compared to conventional wastewater treatment technology, the innovative technology is more costeffective for high-strength organic wastewater treatment, can save capital investment by 15% - 30%, lessen land usage by 20% to 40% and decrease the operating cost by 10% to 25%. The operating cost of treatment per cubic meter industrial wastewater could be below 0.6 to 1.4 Yuan （RMB）.     

基于用户的城市旅游电子地图设计系统的研究与实践

随着旅游行业的蓬勃发展,城市旅游地图逐渐成为生命力最为旺盛的专题地图之一,被越来越多的人接受和使用。这里对城市旅游地图的现状进行了深入分析,根据其存在的问题与实际需求提出了基于用户的城市旅游电子地图设计系统,并提供了系统研究内容、系统功能,最后给出了具体实践,证明了系统的可行性与可用性。     

都市旅游视角下上海市共享住宿空间分布特征及其影响机制

随着共享经济蓬勃发展,依托互联网平台的共享住宿业态也逐渐成熟,对社会经济发展产生了深刻影响.在都市和乡村共享住宿市场分异背景下,已有研究集中探讨了乡村民宿空间分布特征及影响因素,但对都市地区共享住宿分布特征的探讨有所忽视.都市地区共享住宿与以观光、购物、文化体验等为特征的都市旅游活动关联密切.论文基于途家网的上海共享住...     

天文星表入库的自动化

天文数据主要包括星表、星图、光谱、文献资料等,其中星表是包含天体信息的数据表格,是天文学家最常用到的天文数据。目前天文数据分布存储在全球各个数据中心。中国最大的天文数据中心是北京天文数据中心,其数据库的重要部分是天文星表数据库。本文阐述了建设天文星表数据库的意义,着重探讨了星表自动入库工具的实现,并介绍了在天文星表数据库基础上的数据融合和数据挖掘。     

Effects of afforestation on carbon storage in Boyang Lake Basin, China

By using field survey data from the sixth forest inventory of Jiangxi Province in 2003, the biomass and carbon storage for three studied species （Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata, and Pinus elliottii） were estimated in Taihe and Xingguo counties of Boyang Lake Basin, Jiangxi Province, China. The relationship between carbon density and forest age was analyzed by logistic equations. Spatio-temporal dynamics of forest biomass and carbon storage in 1985-2003 were also described. The results show that total stand area of the three forest species was 3.10 × 10^5 ha, total biomass 22.20 Tg, vegetation carbon storage 13.07 Tg C, and average carbon density 42.36 Mg C/ha in the study area in 2003. Carbon storage by forest type in descending order was： P. massoniana, C. lanceolata and P. elliottii. Carbon storage by forest age group in descending order was： middle stand, young stand, near-mature stand and mature stand. Carbon storage by plantation forests was 1.89 times higher than that by natural forests. Carbon density of the three species increased 8.58 Mg C/ha during the study period. The carbon density of Taihe County was higher in the east and west, and lower in the middle. The carbon density of Xingguo County was higher in the northeast and lower in the middle. In general, the carbon density increased with altitude and gradient. Afforestation projects contribute significantly to increasing stand area and carbon storage. Appropriate forest management may improve the carbon sequestration capacity of forest ecosystems.     

准噶尔盆地滴西地区火山岩爆发相特征及储集性能影响因素

爆发相火山岩是火山碎屑不同形式的组合体,根据火山碎屑的类型和组合方式可以划分为空落亚相、热基浪亚相、热碎屑流亚相和溅落亚相共4个亚相,每个亚相都有其独特的判别标志.克拉美丽滴西地区爆发相火山岩的岩心、普通薄片、铸体薄片以及测井资料研究发现,该区域岩性复杂,爆发相火山岩主要赋存在滴西10井区和滴西14井区范围内,岩性以火山凝灰岩、火山角砾岩、熔结凝灰岩和熔结火山角砾岩为主.爆发相的储集空间以基质溶孔、粒内溶孔、构造裂缝和溶蚀缝为特征.爆发相各亚相中,以熔结凝灰岩为主的热碎屑流亚相和以火山凝灰岩为主的空落亚相为优质储集体发育部位,主要影响因素为构造作用和流体的溶蚀作用.这项研究为判别其他相似地区爆发相火山岩能否成为有效储层提供参考意义.     

Separation and Precise Measurement of Lithium Isotopes in Three Reference Materials Using Multi Collector‐Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Lithium separation technique for three reference materials has been established together with precise determination of lithium isotope using a Neptune multi collector-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). The solutions of lithium element standard reference materials, potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium and iron single element, were used to evaluate analytical methods applied. Three separate stages of ion-exchange chromatography were carried out using organic cation-exchange resin (AG 50W-X8). Lithium was enriched for the three stages using different eluants, which are 2.8 M HCl, 0.15 M HCl and 0.5 M HCl in 30% ethanol, respectively. The columns for the first and second stages are made of polypropylene, and those for the third stage are made of quartz. Total reagent volume for the entire chemical process was 35 mL for three reference materials. The recovery yielded for the three stages is 98.9–101.2% with an average of 100.0%, 97.6–101.9% with an average of 99.9%, and 99.8–103.3% with an average of 100.6%, respectively. The precision of this technique is conservatively estimated to be ±0.72–1.04‰ (2σ population), which is similar to the precision obtained by different authors in different laboratories with MC-ICP-MS. The δ7Li values (7Li/6Li relative to the IRMM-016 standard) determined for andesite (AGV-2) and basalt (BHVO-2) are 5.68‰ (n=18), 4.33‰ (n=18), respectively. The δ7Li value (7Li/6Li relative to the L-SVEC standard) determined for IRMM-016 is –0.01‰ (n=15). All these analytical results are in good agreement with those previously reported. In addition, the results for the same kinds of samples analyzed at the MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, are consistent with those obtained at the Plasma Laboratory, University of Maryland, within analytical uncertainty. According to these experiment results, it is concluded that this proposed procedure is a suitable method for determining the lithium isotopic composition of natural samples.     

冀东地区太阳沟钼矿床成因探讨：来自年代学、地球化学及S、Pb同位素的证据

太阳沟钼矿床位于冀东地区,矿区内出露的岩性主要为花岗斑岩和黑云母二长花岗岩,矿体主要赋存于花岗斑岩及其围岩接触带内,多呈透镜状、脉状产出。本文通过锆石U- Pb定年、全岩地球化学分析、辉钼矿Re- Os同位素测年及金属矿物S、Pb同位素分析,对太阳沟钼矿床的成岩、成矿时代准确厘定,并对矿床成因及成矿过程进行探讨。锆石U- Pb定年结果显示,花岗斑岩与黑云母二长花岗岩样品的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为154. 8±1. 5Ma、156. 5±1. 2Ma。辉钼矿的Re- Os同位素测年获得155. 79±0. 93Ma的模式年龄加权平均值,与锆石U- Pb年龄在误差范围内一致,表明其为晚侏罗世构造- 岩浆活动产物。全岩地球化学特征表现为高硅、富碱,属准铝质、高钾钙碱性系列;相对富集轻稀土元素和Rb、Sr等大离子亲石元素,亏损重稀土元素和Nb、Ta等高场强元素,属高分异I型花岗岩。黄铁矿S、Pb同位素分析结果表明,S同位素组成分布比较集中,δ34S黄铁矿值均为正值（介于1. 3‰~1. 8‰之间,平均值为1. 53‰）;Pb同位素组成较为均一（206Pb/204Pb值范围为16. 76~17. 44,207Pb/204Pb值范围为15. 28~15. 43,208Pb/204Pb值范围为36. 64~37. 46）,均显示成矿物质主要来自受地幔混染的下地壳物质熔融。综合岩石学、年代学、地球化学及S、Pb同位素特征,本文认为：太阳沟钼矿床属于斑岩型钼矿床,是晚侏罗世古太平洋板块俯冲产生的壳幔相互作用引发下地壳物质部分重熔,富集大量的金属元素（Mo）,最终上升侵位、沉淀成矿。