Experimental study of the movement of backfilling gangues for goaf in steeply inclined coal seams

For the coal mining with flexible shield supports which is used widely in the exploitation of steeply inclined coal seams, a method with which to backfill enough gangues efficiently in goaf is the key to meet the control requirements for the roof. In order to research the movement of gangues in goaf and the factors influencing backfilling effects, an experimental device for the movement of gangues for backfilling the goaf in steeply inclined coal seams was designed. The movement trajectory of gangues was monitored and was divided into three stages. Gangue movement characteristic under different engineering condition was studied, which showed that the backfilling rate of gangues in the goaf of steeply inclined coal seams is positively correlated to the dip angle of the coal seam and the mining thickness, while being negatively correlated to the grain size of the gangues and the deformation of the roof.     

Response of circular tunnel with imperfect interface bonding in layered ground subjected to obliquely incident plane P or SV wave

A semianalytical procedure is proposed for evaluating the internal forces of circular tunnel with imperfect interface bonding in layered ground subjected to an obliquely incident plane P or SV wave. In this study, the hoop bending moment and hoop axial force are related to the free‐field responses of the ground. A one‐dimensional numerical approach is firstly presented to obtain the free‐field responses of a layered half‐space with an obliquely incident plane P or SV wave propagation. Then, the free‐field stress state is transformed and decomposed in the polar coordinate system. The internal forces of tunnel caused by the isotropic stress state and the pure shear state are calculated and then summed up to obtain the overall analytical solutions. Finally, the validity of the proposed semianalytical procedure is demonstrated by numerical examples.     

湘东北幕阜山含绿帘石花岗闪长岩岩浆的上升速率：岩相学和矿物化学证据

出露于扬子地块东南缘的幕阜山复式岩体侵位年龄约为145Ma.该复式岩体的花岗闪长岩及其暗色微粒包体都含有独特的岩浆绿帘石.这些绿帘石呈自形晶,普遍发育熔蚀结构,部分具褐帘石核.微粒包体及花岗闪长岩中绿帘石的Ps值((100Fe3+/(Fe3++Al))均集中在26～28,TiO2含量小于0.2%,为典型的岩浆成因.岩相...     

陆相红色盆地1∶5万填图的一种新方法———构造—岩性—岩相填图法

通过吉安—泰和盆地１∶５万区域地质调查实践，提出了构造—岩性—岩相填图法：首先在区域性资料分析的基础上，通过踏勘确立构造不整合面、相变换面，初步划分岩石地层单位的群、组；第二，测制剖面，详细研究构造不整合面、相变换面、同相叠复面等界面特征及被这些界面围限的岩石地层内部结构等，正式划分岩石地层群、组、段，建立岩石地层层序；第三，利用主干地质路线调查，建立盆地地层格架；第四，开展面上地质调查，完成１∶５万地质填图；最后，进行综合分析，选择重点区段、剖面进行详细研究，总结盆地沉积模式     

腾格尔坳陷宝力根套海地区铀储层沉积特征及找矿方向

本文利用煤田钻孔资料,结合区域地质特征,首次对研究区铀储层砂体展布及规模,以及铀储层沉积相带进行精细刻画。在此基础上,结合铀源、构造、煤田钻孔放射性测井和地面伽马能谱测量等因素,对研究区铀成矿前景进行预测。研究发现,赛汉组铀储层砂体发育,总体呈南东-北西向展布。赛汉组下段砂体累积厚度120~200m,发育辫状河三角洲相,其中辫状河三角洲平原分布广泛,由5个正粒序沉积旋回构成;赛汉组上段砂体累积厚度50~90m,发育辫状河相,由2个正粒序沉积旋回构成。研究区具有丰富的铀源、有利的构造背景及沉积相带,砂岩型铀成矿有利区平面上位于辫状(分流)河道砂体边缘靠近泛滥平原或分流间湾的部位,垂向上位于⑤号和⑦号沉积旋回。     

基于土地利用类型的大气降水入渗补给量计算

影响大气降水入渗补给量的因素较为复杂,主要有土地利用类型、降水量、包气带厚度及岩性等。随着遥感影像解译技术的发展,人们能更精确地识别空间土地利用类型,从而更精确地计算大气降水入渗补给量,并了解其空间分布。综合考虑这些影响因素,本文提出了一种基于土地利用类型,并结合地理信息系统(GIS)和VBA(visual basic for applications)编程技术的大气降水入渗补给量计算方法(PIRCL)。以广州市广花盆地为例,利用PIRCL法计算得到该地多年平均大气降水入渗补给量为14 369万m3,该结果与水量平衡法计算得到的大气降水入渗补给量结果相近,相对误差约为2.4%;并且,计算得到的大气降水入渗补给量空间分布基本合理。与水量平衡法相比,PIRCL法计算大气降水入渗补给量只需区域遥感数据、区域降水量数据、对应时段地下水位动态变化及区域水文地质参数,不需要计算地下水其他的补给、排泄项,可以省略大量的工作量,且方便编程实现。     

断层模型约束反演在煤层横向预测中的应用研究

在精细断层解释的基础上,以地震层位为趋势面,通过对趋势面局部微调,使各层面的变化趋势和空间关系更加合理。通过网格精度和地层厚度有控制构建包含断层在内的精细构造框架模型,并根据波阻抗的差异特征,利用断层模型约束波阻抗反演实现煤层的横向预测。实例表明,基于断层模型约束反演技术的煤层横向预测方法,可精细描述煤层尖灭、变薄、分叉合并、厚度变化等赋煤形态,经实际钻井资料验证吻合较好。     

Research on the inversion of elemental abundances from Chang’E-2 X-ray spectrometry data

The elemental abundances of lunar surface are the important clues to study the formation and evolution history of the Moon. In 2010, China＇s Chang＇E-2 （CE-2） lunar orbiter carried a set of X-ray spectrometer （XRS） to investigate the elemental abundances of the lunar surface. During CE-2＇s life span around the Moon, the XRS ex- perienced several events of solar flare. The X-ray solar monitor onboard recorded the spectra of solar X-rays at the same time. In this paper, we introduced the XRS instrument and data product. We analyzed the characteristics of the XRS data. Using the data obtained during an M solar flare event which had occurred on Feb. 16, 201 l, we derived the elemental abundances ofMg, A1, Si, Ca and Fe of the lunar surface in the Oceanus Procellarum. Finally, we dis- cussed the factors that influence the accuracy of the inversion.     

川北元坝气田二叠系长兴组白云岩稀土元素地球化学特征及其指示意义

川北元坝气田二叠系长兴组49个碳酸盐岩样品的稀土元素(REE)和钇(Y)含量的测试结果表明:稀土元素总量(ΣREE)普遍较低(平均1.50×10^-6),说明岩石样品几乎无陆源碎屑的混入,且未受到深部热液的影响。页岩标准化后的白云岩REE特征表现为轻稀土(LREE)亏损、正La异常、负Ce异常(0.49～1.08,平均0.75)、普遍的正Eu异常(0.89～46.00,平均4.68)及较高的Y/Ho值(28.82～63.47,平均43.04),总体表现出与海水的REE配分特征类似,表明白云化流体为还原性的海源流体,白云岩形成环境为埋藏环境。元坝气田长兴组构造平缓,白云岩横向上连续分布,碳酸盐岩δ¹⁸O(-7.07‰～-2.92‰,平均-4.95‰)相对较重,岩心与岩石薄片未观察到角砾状或条带状的热液白云岩典型构造,均说明元坝气田长兴组未受到深部热液流体的影响,白云岩较高的正Eu异常与深部热液流体无关;电子扫描显微镜下观察到大量的热化学硫酸盐还原反应(TSR)的产物单质硫和富硫沥青,表明元坝气田长兴组基质白云岩形成之后的TSR作用导致了地层水极度还原的环境,从而造成了白云岩较高程度的正Eu异常,反过来说明了TSR作用对白云岩储集层具有一定的改造作用。     

Effects of the external carbon sources on the microbes in the simultaneous biological removal of SO2 and NO x process

Effects of sodium acetate and glucose on the microbes from the simultaneous flue gas desulfurization and denitrogenation tandem biotrickling process were respectively investigated. For the acidophiles, although the impacts of the carbon sources on the total microbial growth and nitrogen conversion in the medium were slight, the sulfite oxidation rate was obviously improved. The highest sulfite ion oxidation ratio in 48 h was up to 47.2 % as 258.08 mmol L^?1 sodium acetate was added in the medium. For the neutrophiles, the two carbons promoted the total microbial growth, but only sodium acetate could enhance the nitrite consumption significantly. The best nitrite consumption rate in 48 h could reach to 86.7 % with 258.08 mmol L^?1 sodium acetate. It provides valuable information for the development of biological SO₂ and NO _x simultaneous purification process.