基于Android的电力规划信息系统设计与实现

智能移动终端的飞速发展为电力规划信息在移动平台的展示提供了新的机遇。本文针对离线式移动GIS的特点和优势,结合电力信息系统移动客户端的建设情况,从移动GIS的架构、应用模式、数据组织方案、移动GIS关键技术及实现等方面进行了探讨建立一个基于Android的电力规划信息系统。     

基于潜标测量的海洋环境噪声谱特性分析

利用海洋环境噪声测量潜标系统对南海典型海域开展了为期3个月的海洋环境噪声测量,16通道海洋环境噪声测量系统每小时测量两分钟噪声信号。数据处理结果表明,800~5 000Hz范围内,噪声谱与风速相关性最好,且风速越大相关性越好,噪声谱与风速的相关性好于与浪高的相关性。风关噪声谱级在海水中部基本不随接收深度发生变化,但由于测量水听器阵长度未能覆盖整个水深,因此未给出海面和海底处谱级变化规律。在400Hz以上的高频段整个风速范围内噪声谱级都随风速发生变化,且噪声谱级与对数风速具有很好的线性关系。     

国土综合整治三维模型碎片加载优化与调度

国土整治作为一项国家战略,是解决社会经济发展过程中土地利用问题的重要手段,能有效促进国土空间优化和治理土地退化,对于实施乡村振兴战略和推进生态文明建设具有重大意义。随着我国工业化、城镇化的推进,生产、生活、生态之间矛盾日益凸显,国土整治在全国各地广泛开展,尤其是三维可视化技术的应用发展迅速。但对于国土整治业务而言,三维模型存在数据量大、数据复杂且碎片化程度高等特点,使得三维数据的存储管理和加载调度难度大,制约了其在国土整治中的应用。本文针对国土整治三维数据,提出了存储结构优化方法、三维模型碎片加载优化方法和三维模型调度优化方法,并开展了试验验证和应用示范,验证了本文提出的方法能够有效支撑国土整治中的三维可视化相关业务。     

基于灰色关联与模糊数学的重力式挡土墙震害评估

龙门山地区强震荷载导致大量已建边坡支挡结构严重受损,如何对震区受损挡土墙进行震害评估成为亟待解决的技术难点。本文首先通过对研究区挡土墙的震害分析,总结出其主要破坏模式包括滑移破坏、沉降破坏、倾覆破坏、墙身破坏以及越顶破坏5类。然后根据全面性、重要性以及科学性原则对影响震害评价的因子进行定性分析和分类,并结合挡墙的破坏模式,综合分析得到挡土墙安全评估的敏感性因子和一般因子。将震害范围60%作为挡墙评价的敏感性因子,而一般因子分为两级共10个指标,包括:滑移距离,沉降深度,倾斜角度,裂缝数量,裂缝长度比,开裂深度比,开裂宽度,错动距离,垮塌范围,覆盖范围。最后,采用灰色关联分析与模糊数学理论相结合的方法构建挡土墙震害评估体系,从而变事后处理为事先预防,为灾后恢复重建服务。     

Experimental study of poromechanical behavior of saturated claystone under triaxial compression

This paper presents experimental results of drained and undrained triaxial compression tests of saturated Meuse–Haute/Marne claystone. The emphasis is to study the evolution of pore pressure with growth of microcracks and the effect of pore pressure on mechanical behavior. Basic mechanical responses are first investigated through drained triaxial compression tests, showing nonlinear stress strain relations, volumetric dilatancy and pressure sensitivity. In undrained triaxial compression tests, the pore pressure exhibits a transition from increase to decrease due to the transition from volumetric compressibility to dilatancy caused by the growth of microcracks. The failure surfaces, determined by total stress and Terzaghi’s effective stress under undrained condition, are compared with the one under drained condition.     

Spatial heterogeneous response of land use and landscape functions to ecological restoration: the case of the Chinese loess hilly region

Ecological restorations over time may have profound effects on ecological and socio-economic systems. However, land-use changes and landscape functions that accompany ecological restorations can have spatial differentiations due to varied biophysical and socio-economic contexts. Therefore, these spatial differentiations caused by ecological restoration must be understood for better planning and management of restoration activities. The Baota District, with 576 villages in the center of the Chinese Loess Plateau, was selected as the study area because of its dramatic transition from cropland to grassland and shrubland from 1990 to 2010. Using the ArcGIS software and a k-means clustering analysis, an approach to identify types of land-use change patterns (TLCPs) at the village level was developed, and four TLCPs were delineated. The analysis indicated a general pattern of cropland decline by 21.6 %, but revealed significant spatial variations between villages in different TLCPs. Vegetation cover and soil retention, which are key proxies for landscape functions, increased by 22.70 and 108 %, respectively, from 2000 to 2010 with significant spatial heterogeneity. The Universal Soil Loss Equation was employed for the assessment of soil retention. The analysis of landscape metrics revealed a major trend of fragmentation and regularity on the county and village scale; however, spatial variations remained. Physical attributes were used to characterize different TLCPs, and notable differences were found. The spatial heterogeneous change in land use and landscape functions on the village scale may be useful for land use and ecological restoration management policy makers.     

酒东盆地红山地区下白垩统新民堡群灰白色蚀变带特征及其与铀成矿的关系

研究区位于酒东盆地东北缘红山地区。通过对下白垩统新民堡群后生氧化改造作用的研究,认为灰白色弱氧化、强水解蚀变带是层间氧化带的一部分。铁和有机质是沉积岩中常见的色素,当含氧水进入目的层砂体时,砂体中的有机质、低价铁(Fe2+)等化合物被氧化,导致岩石褪色;同时氧化作用导致砂岩中长石水解,形成以高岭石为主的白色黏土矿物,使岩石增白。增白与褪色的双重作用是砂岩总体上变白的重要原因,其所形成的灰白色蚀变岩位于强氧化的紫红色-黄色蚀变亚带与灰色原生岩石带之间的一定范围内。铀矿化(体)产在弱氧化、强水解灰白色砂岩与原生灰色砂岩界面附近偏灰色岩石一侧[1-2]。灰白色蚀变带与铀成矿关系密切,可作为区域性白垩系砂岩型铀矿的找矿标志之一。     

内蒙古艾勒格庙地区找矿前景初探

通过对艾勒格庙地区成矿的地质背景及构造、围岩、岩浆岩条件的初步分析,结合土壤地球化学异常信息及矿化点的信息的分析判断,得出结论:在艾勒格庙地区找寻矽卡岩型矿床的前景较好;同时指出了可能的矿体赋存部位、可能的含矿构造及可能的热液矿床或者矽卡岩型矿床的产出部位;还指出,在该区有望沿槽、台断裂带寻找低温热液矿化带,以至寻找低温热液矿床。     

精密水准与GNSS垂向形变关系研究——以天山构造带为例

以天山构造带区域为例,分别用精密水准和GNSS给出地壳形变垂直运动速率矢量图,对其差异及差异形成的原因进行深入分析和探讨,并基于优势互补原则,给出二者融合的形变图像。根据多年研究经验认为,该方法得到的垂直形变图在强震中长期预测中具有较为重要的应用价值。     

A numerical investigation of a moderate coastal storm with intense precipitation

Abstract

In this study, the development of a moderate coastal storm with intense precipitation that occurred during 12–14 February 1993 is examined using a high‐resolution version of the Canadian Regional Finite‐element (RFE) model with more realistic physical representations. It is shown that the improved RFE model predicts well the coastal cyclogenesis events and also the distribution and intensity of heavy mixed precipitation (rain and snow) associated with the storm. It is found that the cyclogenesis takes place in response to the low‐level inshore advection of high‐θ_e air from the maritime boundary layer, and the approach of a mid‐level shortwave trough with a warm pool above that is previously associated with a decaying cyclone upstream. More rapid deepening of the cyclone ensues as intense precipitation falls along the warm and cold fronts near the cyclone centre.

Diagnosis of the control and sensitivity simulations reveals that the low‐level inshore warm advection and the propagation of the stratospheric warm pool contribute more significantly to the surface pressure falls during the incipient stage, whereas the mid‐level shortwave trough plays an important role in the cyclogenesis at later stages. Overall, latent heat release accounts for about 50% of the cyclone's total deepening, in agreement with the presence of a moderate baroclinic environment and the generation of intense precipitation.

The diabatic and kinematic structures near the rain‐snow boundary are examined to gain insight into the influence of melting snow on the cyclogenesis. It is shown that the improved RFE model reproduces well the rain‐snow boundary structures as previously observed. Moreover, a thermally indirect circulation (perturbation) can be seen in the vicinity of the rain‐snow boundary. It is found, however, that melting of snow tends to produce a weak negative or negligible impact on the cyclogenesis, as opposed to previous hypotheses.