蒙特卡罗法在地热资源评价中的应用

通过印度尼西亚B地热田地质勘查和已有资料分析,参照中国地热行业勘查和资源评价相关规范,对比该地热田已有的资源评价结果;以热储法（体积法）为基本公式,运用蒙特卡罗（Monte Carlo）法进行预测,随机参数均为地热地质条件限定下的取值范围;最终以体积法估算结果作为评估资源量下限,获得待评价地热田的可发电量资源潜力,为该地热田的进一步开发提供可靠依据。相比传统方法,蒙特卡罗法更适用于地热勘查初级阶段的地热资源评价,具有预测范围合理、数据结果定量化、可提供概率分析置信区间等优点。     

Identification of functionally active aerobic methanotrophs and their methane oxidation potential in sediments from the Shenhu Area,South China Sea

Large amounts of gas hydrate are distributed in the northern slope of the South China Sea, which is a potential threat of methane leakage. Aerobic methane oxidation by methanotrophs, significant methane biotransformation that occurs in sediment surface and water column, can effectively reduce atmospheric emission of hydrate-decomposed methane. To identify active aerobic methanotrophs and their methane oxidation potential in sediments from the Shenhu Area in the South China Sea, multi-day enrichm...     

Uncertainty quantification of landslide runout motion considering soil interdependent anisotropy and fabric orientation

Landslides - Natural soils often exhibit an anisotropic fabric pattern as a result of soil deposition, weathering, or filling. This paper aims to investigate the effect of soil interdependent...     

琼州7.5级地震区深部电性异常及地震活动性研究

通过对1605年琼州7.5级大地震震中区及邻近地区大地电磁探测,发现震中区地壳深部存在一低阻体.该低阻体自约13 km以下一直延伸到上地幔,推测其为正在上升的地幔柱,并由此认为地幔柱的存在及其热物质的上涌,使上部地壳产生断裂和粘滑活动,是产生琼州7.5级大地震的重要原因. 这次大地震后断裂活动表现为以蠕滑为主.推测未来再发生同等强度大地震的危险性将大大降低.      

云南省乡镇农村地震灾害直接经济损失研究

根据1993-2003年30余次云南省地震的损失评估调查资料,建立了云南省农村乡镇各烈度区房屋建筑物损失与受灾人口的定量关系,初步建立了各烈度区水利设施损失、生命线工程损失与房屋建筑物损失的关系。以云南地区2004年-2005年4次地震为实例,用以上计算方法估算了4次地震的直接经济损失,并与地震现场评估的结果作比较,结果表明,该计算模型实用性强,对一般性地震的模拟误差平均值在30％左右。     

应用线性合成概率方法探讨青藏高原北部地区强震趋势

基于周期谱分析基础上的线性合成概率预测方法,对青藏高原北部地区Ms≥7.0、Ms≥6.5强震进行了试验性研究,并利用其结果作为预测依据,对青藏高原北部地区强震趋势做了初步估计.利用该方法,本文还对东昆仑断裂带1900年以来的Ms≥7.0强震进行了研究.     

Stochastic modelling of soil moisture dynamics in a grassland of Qilian Mountain at point scale

Stochastic modeling of soil moisture dynamics is crucial to the quantitative understanding of plant responses to water stresses,hydrological control of nutrient cycling processes,water competition among plants,and some other ecological dynamics,and thus has become a hotspot in ecohydrology at present.In this paper,we based on the continuously monitored data of soil moisture during 2002―2005 and daily precipitation date of 1992―2006,and tried to make a probabilistic analysis of soil moisture dynamics at point scale in a grassland of Qilian Mountain by integrating the stochastic model improved by Laio and the Monte Carlo method.The results show that the inter-annual variations for the soil moisture patterns at different depths are very significant,and that the coefficient of variance(CV) of surface soil moisture(20 cm) is almost continually kept at about 0.23 whether in the rich or poor rainy years.Interestingly,it has been found that the maximal CV of soil moisture has not always appeared at the surface layer.Comparison of the analytically derived soil moisture probability density function(PDF) with the statistical distribution of the observed soil moisture data suggests that the stochastic model can reasonably describe and predict the soil moisture dynamics of the grassland in Qilian Mountain at point scale.By extracting the statistical information of the historical precipitation data in 1994―2006,and inputting them into the stochastic model,we analytically derived the long-term soil moisture PDF without considering the inter-annual climate fluctuations,and then numerically derived the one when considering the inter-annual fluctuation effects in combination with a Monte-Carlo procedure.It was found that,though the peak position of the probability density distribution significantly moved towards drought when considering the disturbance forces,and its width was narrowed,accordingly its peak value was increased,no significant bimodality was observed in the soil moisture dynamics under the given intensity of random fluctuation disturbance.     

华北平原中尺度低气压的若干事实

本文对产生在太行山东侧华北平原行星边界层内的中尺度低压系统进行了普查分析,同时还使用了专门的探测资料,基本弄清了有关中低压的若干事实;探讨了有利于产生中低压的天气条件和华北地形对形成中低压的重要作用;分析了中低压的某些生消规律。     

Study on clouds and marine atmospheric boundary layer

A set of remote sensing instruments of Peking University, which includes mainly a dual~channel(22.235GHz and 35.5GHz) microwave radiometer, a 8mm microwave and a 5mm microwave radiometer, has been developed for the Western North-Pacific Cloud-Radiation Experiment (WENPEX). The instruments were used to observe the cloud and marine atmospheric boundary-layer in the southwest sea area of Japan in winter time from 1989 to 1991. In the weather change process, the characteristics of the marine atmospheric boundary-layer and liquid water content in cloud of this area in winter time are studied from observation data. A one-dimensional mixed layer model is presented for the growth and evolution of a cloud-topped marine boundary-layer. The model is used to study in the WENPEX. The simulation results are in agreement with observation data, especially the integral water in cloud.     

北太平洋海温异常对我国降水影响的数值试验

利用全球大气环流模式 (OSU- AGCM) ,作中纬度北太平洋热源异常强迫的数值试验 ,分析中纬度北太平洋海温异常对降水的影响。结果表明 ,中纬度北太平洋大范围海温降低 ,将造成东北地区季内降水偏多 ,而我国 40°N以南大部分地区降水偏少 ;同时 ,北太平洋中低纬度地区降水将发生显著的变化。通过分析海温异常所造成的大气物理量场的变化 ,就海温异常对降水的影响机制进行了探讨 ,得出一些有益的结果。