Geochemical and Petrological Studies on the Early Carboniferous Sidingheishan Mafic–Ultramafic Iintrusion in the Southern Margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, NW China

The Sidingheishan mafic-ultramafic intrusion is located in the eastern part of the Northern Tianshan Mountain, along the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt in northern Xinjiang autonomous region of China. The Sidingheishan intrusion is mainly composed of wehrlite, olivine websterite, olivine gabbro, gabbro and hornblende gabbro. At least two pulses of magma were involved in the formation of the intrusion. The first pulse of magma produced an olivine-free unit and the second pulse produced an olivine-bearing unit. The magmas intruded the Devonian granites and granodiorites.An age of 351.4±5.8 Ma(Early Carboniferous) for the Sidingheishan intrusion has been determined by U-Pb SHRIMP analysis of zircon grains separated from the olivine gabbro unit. A U-Pb age of 359.2±6.4 Ma from the gabbro unit has been obtained by LA-ICP-MS. Olivine of the Sidingheishan intrusion reaches 82.52 mole% Fo and 1414 ppm Ni. On the basis of olivine-liquid equilibria, it has been calculated that the MgO and FeO included in the parental magma of a wehrlite sample were approximately10.43 wt% and 13.14 wt%, respectively. The Sidingheishan intrusive rocks are characterized by moderate enrichments in Th and Sm, slight enrichments in light REE, and depletions in Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf. The ε_(Nd)(t) values in the rock units vary from +6.70 to +9.64, and initial ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios range between 0.7035 and0.7042. Initial ~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb, ~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb and ~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb values fall in the ranges of 17.23-17.91,15.45-15.54 and 37.54-38.09 respectively. These characteristics are collectively similar to the Heishan intrusion and the Early Carboniferous subduction related volcanic rocks in the Santanghu Basin, North Tianshan and Beishan area. The low(La/Gd)_(PM) values between 0.26 and 1.77 indicate that the magma of the Sidingheishan intrusion was most likely derived from a depleted spinel-peridotite mantle.(Th/Nb)_(PM)ratios from 0.59 to 20.25 indicate contamination of the parental magma in the upper crust.Crystallization modeling methods suggest that the parental magma of the Sidingheishan intrusion was generated by flush melting of the asthenosphere and subsequently there was about 10 vol%contamination from a granitic melt. This was followed by about 5 vol% assimilation of upper crustal rocks. Thus, the high-Mg basaltic parental magma of Sidingheishan intrusion is interpreted to have formed from partial melting of the asthenosphere during the break-off of a subducted slab.     

Comparative Study of Hydrogen and Carbon Isotopic Composition of Gases Generated from the Pyrolysis of a Peat under Saltwater and Freshwater Conditions

To understand the influence of the diagenetic water medium on the isotopic compositions of thermogenic coalbed gas, both hydrous and anhydrous closed-system pyrolyses were performed at temperatures of 250°C to 650°C on an herbaceous marsh peat. Compared to the results of anhydrous pyrolysis, the hydrocarbon gases generated from hydrous pyrolyses have very different hydrogen isotopic compositions. However, the carbon isotopic compositions of the hydrocarbon gases became only slightly heavier in hydrous pyrolysis, compared to that from anhydrous pyrolysis. With the progress of thermal evolution from peat to a more advanced thermal maturity of vitrinite reflectance values (Ro) of 5.5% during the pyrolysis, the difference in the average δD value increased from 52‰ to 64‰ between the hydrous pyrolysis with saltwater and anhydrous pyrolysis and increased from 18‰ to 29‰ between the hydrous pyrolysis with freshwater and anhydrous pyrolysis, respectively. The difference in the average δ13C value was only 1‰–2‰ between the hydrous and anhydrous pyrolysis. The relationships between the δD values of the generated hydrocarbon gases and Ro values as well as among δD values of the hydrocarbon gas species are established. The close relationships among these parameters suggest that the water medium had a significant effect on the hydrogen isotopic composition and a minimal effect on the carbon isotopic composition of the hydrocarbon gases. The results of these pyrolyses may provide information for the understanding of the genesis of coalbed gas from herbaceous marsh material with the participation of different diagenetic water media.     

黑龙江省塔河县宝兴沟金矿床中生代侵入岩及其对成矿作用的制约

宝兴沟金矿床为近年来在漠河前陆盆地南缘新发现的大型金矿床。区内发育石英闪长岩、闪长玢岩、花岗细晶岩等侵入岩,矿体主要产于石英闪长岩、闪长玢岩内部及其与二十二站组砂岩的内外接触带中。地球化学研究表明,石英闪长岩具高钾、低钛、富碱特征,花岗细晶岩具高硅、高钾、低钛、富碱特征,二者均为高钾钙碱性系列岩石,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Sr等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti和重稀土元素Yb、Y,但二者稀土元素特征和配分曲线差异较大,不具成因联系。矿石与石英闪长岩、闪长玢岩具有相似的微量元素、稀土元素组成和稀土元素配分曲线,表明石英闪长岩、闪长玢岩为成矿提供了热液和成矿物质等,与成矿具有密切的成因联系。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年结果显示,石英闪长岩成岩时间为118.13~121.77 Ma,限定了宝兴沟金矿床的形成时间不早于118Ma,为早白垩世,形成于太平洋板块俯冲后的伸展环境。漠河前陆盆地除中-晚侏罗世侵入岩外,早白垩世中酸性侵入岩对区域成矿也具有重要的作用,是今后找矿的重要方向之一。     

河源市秋季暴雨的时空分布和环流特征

利用1964—2013年河源市5个国家气象站日降水量、NCEP/NCAR逐月2.5°×2.5°再分析资料,分析河源市秋季暴雨的时空分布特征和同期环流特征。结果表明:(1)河源市秋季暴雨日数在空间分布上自南向北逐渐减少,9月的分布特征与秋季一致,11月的分布型与9月完全相反;秋季暴雨日数呈弱增长的气候变化趋势,且存在明显的阶段性变化。(2)南海到西北太平洋地区纬向风垂直切变偏小和南方涛动处在正位相时,对应有利9和10月热带气旋的生成、发展,副热带高压偏西偏北、强度偏强,有利于热带气旋趋向广东,而来自该区的强东南季风,给河源带来充沛的水汽,为暴雨的发生提供了有利的水汽条件。另外,活跃的南支槽也是造成10月暴雨的重要影响系统之一。(3)热带气旋对11月暴雨日数的贡献较小,南支槽和东移南下的高原短波槽是造成该月暴雨的重要影响系统。西太平洋副热带高压偏西偏南、强度偏强,河源受其西侧的异常西南风影响,获得充足的水汽供应,有利于暴雨的发生。(4)秋季华南地区海平面气压偏低或冷空气活动偏弱时,有利于河源暴雨天气的发生。     

Indian Ocean Dipole-related Predictability Barriers Induced by Initial Errors in the Tropical Indian Ocean in a CGCM

利用GFDL CM2p1模式, 本文探讨了初始海温误差对印度洋偶极子(IOD)事件可预报性的影响. 当热带印度洋存在初始海温误差时, IOD预报发生了冬季预报障碍(WPB)现象和夏季预报障碍(SPB)现象. WPB发生与否与正IOD事件发展位相冬季的厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)有关. 即当冬季存在ENSO时, IOD预测不发生WPB现象, 反之亦然. 相比之下, SPB发生与否和ENSO没有必然联系. 此外, 进一步探讨了最容易导致SPB现象的初始海温误差的主要模态, 指出该模态在热带印度洋上表现为东-西偶极子型, 这和前人研究中最容易导致WPB现象的初始海温误差模态相似. 当在热带印度洋上叠加这些初始海温误差后, 热带太平洋上出现了海表温度异常和风场异常, 进而通过大气桥和印尼贯穿流的作用影响热带印度洋, 使之在夏季出现了东-西偶极子型的海表温度异常, 该异常在Bjerknes作用下快速发展, 加强, 最终导致SPB现象的发生.     

近十五年国内外城乡互动发展研究述评

城乡互动发展是通过资本、劳动力、物质、信息等社会经济要素在城乡空间的双向流动而 形成的一种空间关联的地域关系。在构建社会主义新农村与和谐社会的进程中, 开展城乡互动发 展的理论和实证研究, 有利于拓宽地理学的研究体系, 为新一轮的区域规划和城乡规划提供新的 研究架构; 有利于城市和乡村的共同发展和区域空间结构的整体优化。文章从内涵、内在机理和 驱动因素、模式、实现途径等方面总结了近十五年来国内外学者对城乡互动发展研究的主要成 果, 指出当前的研究大多倾向于定性化和静态层面的研究, 定量化研究和不同时空尺度的动态研 究还较为欠缺。因此, 加强城乡互动发展内在机理的系统解读、加强城乡互动发展时空演变机制 和规律的研究、深入开展我国不同类型区域城乡互动发展的模式和优化对策的研究将是该领域 亟待深入探讨的几大问题。     

腹地发展与区域合作关系研究——"泛珠三角"区域合作的思考

“泛珠三角”区域合作是目前国内地域最广、结构最复杂、差距最大的区域合作尝试,极具合作的潜力和条件。文章把腹地的概念在跨省（区）的区域合作中加以延伸,即以粤港澳为“泛珠三角”合作这个大区域的中心地区,邻近的8省（区）则是“泛珠三角”的腹地。目前,区域合作带来了中心地区和腹地必须共同发展的契机,其中“泛珠三角”腹地的发展更具重要性和紧迫性。中心地区可以更多的利用腹地的优势资源以保持经济的高速增长,而腹地省（区）更要充分利用中心地区的成熟市场、区位优势、产业转型以及外向联系使自身经济迅速发展,缩小区域中的地区发展差距,与中心地区的后续发展保持协调,为实现区域的普遍富裕奠定坚实的基础。     

华北北部不同构造单元地壳速度模型——均匀分层介质反射波走时反演的结果

从广义反演理论出发,对多层反射波的走时联合反演,可以同时获得所有的各层速度及厚度参数。其优点是在不需要把问题线性化过程的同时,统一考虑了各层反射波走时的离散对整个地壳模型的影响,又可兼顾观测数据的不同误差分布。本文将该方法进行了数值模拟并应用于华北北部的几个不同构造单元,反演得出了其反射P波速度结构,并与正演结果进行了对比。     

Impacts of TRMM SRR assimilation on the numerical prediction of tropical cyclone

1 IntroductionObservation of the tropical rainfall is crucial forthe research on tropical weather and climate. Nu-merous studies have shown that the ingestion of rain-fall data into a numerical model can have considera-ble impacts on simulation results(Kr…     

船舶航行安全信息可视化关键技术研究

针对当前NAVTEX和EGC接收机无法实现船舶航行安全信息可视化的问题,提出一种基于电子海图显示与信息系统的船舶航行安全信息可视化方法,研究并解决涉及的若干关键技术。经实践应用表明,该方法可有效解决报文信息存在的效能低、标绘难、非图形化显示等弊端,同时可推动海岸电台进一步发展基于新型通信手段的海上安全信息播发业务。