Relationship between garnet skarn and W mineralization: A case study from the Tongshankou Cu-Mo-W deposit,Daye, Hubei.SCIEI北大核心CSCD

石榴子石是矽卡岩型矿床的标志性矿物之一,其结构和成分特征被广泛用来示踪早期成矿流体性质的变化,但其生长过程与金属元素富集过程的关系还不清楚。本文对长江中下游成矿带最西端鄂东矿集区内的铜山口铜钼钨矿床中的石榴子石开展了显微结构和电子探针主量元素、LA-ICP-MS微量元素点分析和面扫描分析。结果显示,铜山口矿床中的石榴子石端元成分以钙铁榴石-钙铝榴石为主,普遍含有一定量的W,特别是在钙铁榴石端元比例高的石榴子石中(可达3898×10-6),且W与Mo、As、Sn存在明显的正相关关系、与Ti存在一定的负相关关系,指示W以类质同象的方式进入石榴子石晶格。石榴子石可包裹结构简单的白钨矿或被具复杂结构的白钨矿交代,指示石榴子石记录了白钨矿形成前和形成过程中流体性质(氧逸度和W含量等)的变化。铜山口矿床中钙铁榴石的大量结晶,导致成矿早期W的大量分散,不利于高品位和大规模钨矿的形成,仅在这些钙铁榴石遭受强烈的退化蚀变时,释放的W在一定程度能够提高矿石的品位,这可能是氧化性矽卡岩型钨矿通常比还原性矽卡岩型钨矿品位低、规模小的重要原因。石榴子石的成分特征(如W、Sn等元素含量和W/Sn、W/Mo和W/As等比值)可以作为判断矽卡岩的氧化还原性和钨矿床的品位及规模的依据,并具有成为W、Mo和Sn等矿床的找矿勘查指示矿物的潜力。     

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE FLOODING AND DROUGHT CLAMITY DURING PAST 1500 YEARS IN THE HAI′AN REGION，JIANGSU PROVINCE

Collection and arrangement of the historical records of climatic changes and environment evolution,espectial-lyin the aspect of calamities,are made on the history documents of past 1500 years about Haiˊan region,Jiangsu Province.There existed two obvious flooding-drought frequently-occurring periods:one was from 1550 AD to 1850 AD and another was 100 AD to 1200AD.The period of 1550 AD to1850 AD is interrupted by two relatively arid and cold climatic periods:one was from 1630 AD to 1700 AD and another was 1750 AD to 1820 AD.The main characteristic of the calamity periods is that they occurred by turns,and sometimes,both drought and flooding occurred in the same year.The instability of the climatic changes in the Little Ice Age may be the main reason of the frequently-occurring flooding and drought in Haiˊan region.Research results also show that the frequently-occurring periods of flooding and drought is in close relationship with the solar activity,and therefore,occurrence of the flooding and drought may be in relation with the intensity of the solar activity.This hypothesis may need further study in the future.     

我国湖泊环境演变及其成因机制研究现状

湖泊沉积忠实地记录了湖泊环境变化的各类信息.不同时问尺度的湖泊环境变化分别受到构造、气候与人类活动三个方面的驱动机制的影响.影响中同湖泊环境变化的最主要的构造运动是青藏高原的隆升;气候变化的影响主要是东亚季风系统带来的一系列作用;而人类活动的影响则比较复杂,不仅有流域植被、土壤性质的改变导致输入湖泊物质的变化,也有人类活动直接改造湖泊,如围垦、封堵等.准确地分析湖泊环境变化的各种过程与规律,特别是定量刻画人与自然相互作用下的湖泊环境响应过程与驱动机理,是当今科学界的热点.     

Search For Correlations Between Batse Gamma-Ray Bursts and Supernovae

We report on our statistical research of space–time correlated supernovae and CGRO-BATSE gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). There exists a significantly higher abundance of core-collapse supernovae among the correlated supernovae, but the subset of all correlated objects does not seem to be physically different from the whole set.     

海南什统萤石矿床地质特征

什统萤石矿床位于海南省白沙拗陷带与五指山隆起的接触部位,是以断裂控矿为主的大型萤石矿床,其容矿构造为NE向张扭性断裂,成矿围岩为二长花岗岩和结晶灰岩.笔者以现场地质事实为依据,细致地研究该区的矿床地质特征,为今后的萤石矿床地质探矿提供了理论依据.     

Modelling the effect of changing precipitation inputs on deep soil water utilization

Forests in the Southeastern United States are predicted to experience future changes in seasonal patterns of precipitation inputs as well as more variable precipitation events. These climate change‐induced alterations could increase drought and lower soil water availability. Drought could alter rooting patterns and increase the importance of deep roots that access subsurface water resources. To address plant response to drought in both deep rooting and soil water utilization as well as soil drainage, we utilize a throughfall reduction experiment in a loblolly pine plantation of the Southeastern United States to calibrate and validate a hydrological model. The model was accurately calibrated against field measured soil moisture data under ambient rainfall and validated using 30% throughfall reduction data. Using this model, we then tested these scenarios: (a) evenly reduced precipitation; (b) less precipitation in summer, more in winter; (c) same total amount of precipitation with less frequent but heavier storms; and (d) shallower rooting depth under the above 3 scenarios. When less precipitation was received, drainage decreased proportionally much faster than evapotranspiration implying plants will acquire water first to the detriment of drainage. When precipitation was reduced by more than 30%, plants relied on stored soil water to satisfy evapotranspiration suggesting 30% may be a threshold that if sustained over the long term would deplete plant available soil water. Under the third scenario, evapotranspiration and drainage decreased, whereas surface run‐off increased. Changes in root biomass measured before and 4 years after the throughfall reduction experiment were not detected among treatments. Model simulations, however, indicated gains in evapotranspiration with deeper roots under evenly reduced precipitation and seasonal precipitation redistribution scenarios but not when precipitation frequency was adjusted. Deep soil and deep rooting can provide an important buffer capacity when precipitation alone cannot satisfy the evapotranspirational demand of forests. How this buffering capacity will persist in the face of changing precipitation inputs, however, will depend less on seasonal redistribution than on the magnitude of reductions and changes in rainfall frequency.     

海洋鱼类卵壳亚微结构的研究

在现代生物科学中,应用生物卵壳亚微结构的物种特异性进行分类研究已成为可行性现实。在海洋生物学研究中,曾发现海胆类未受精的卵壳层颗粒中即存在着眀显的物种特异性差别( L?nning,1967)。很多学者通过对鱼类卵细胞发生期间的亚微结构及卵壳形成的研究,证实在鱼类卵壳结构中亦存在特异性的种间差异,并认为这些差异与分类学、生物学及其区系分布有密切关系( Müller& Sterba,1963; Yamamoto,1963;G?tting,1966; Anderson,1967; Flügel,1967)。目前我国对鱼类卵壳( Egg chorin)结构的研究还鲜为人知,本文亦是首次通过对12种海洋经济鱼类受精卵的卵壳结构差别的探讨,为进行鱼类系统分类和系统发育研究提供科学依据。     

X波段雷达海面回波谱宽特征研究

海面电磁回波频谱宽度与海浪波高密切相关,可应用频谱宽度进行海浪有效波高反演。本文应用线性滤波法仿真出了海表散射面元在雷达视向上的投影速度,建立了回波谱宽模型,分析了雷达空间分辨率、回波时间序列长度及海洋环境参数等因素对频谱宽度的影响,同时还针对如何在实际观测过程中选择回波时间序列长度、观测方位角等参数进行了讨论。最后还将理论结果与CSIR-X波段雷达实测数据谱宽估计结果进行了比较。结果表明,剔除雷达噪声以及频率泄露的影响后,基于高斯分布标准偏差的谱宽估计方法所得结果与理论结果吻合很好,这从而证明了理论结果的可靠性。本文所得结果对海浪有效波高反演具有一定参考价值。     

中国全新世大暖期哺乳动物与气候波动

中国全新世哺乳动物群有众多地点，并已作了详细研究，绝大多数地点有＾１４Ｃ的年代测定，全新世一更新世的界线，作者根据哺乳动物及＾１４Ｃ年代测定，在１２－１０ｋａＢ．Ｐ之间，可作为二者之间的过渡层位，在１０ｋａＢ．Ｐ。可作为全新世的开始，中国的全新世大暖期出现于８．５－３．０ｋａＢ．Ｐ。在此期间内的哺乳动物偏南种类似为明显，如亚洲象，苏门犀及爪哇犀等，在５．６－３．０ｋａＢ．Ｐ。这一时期内的气候波动剧     

西藏札达盆地上新世—早更新世气候变迁与湖泊演化

通过孢粉组合分析, 结合河湖相地层岩性特征和古地磁及电子自旋共振(ESR)法年龄测定结果, 探讨了西藏札达盆地上新世—早更新世的古气候变迁与札达古湖泊演化的关系.研究表明, 札达盆地古湖泊演化可划分为早(湖泊形成期)、中(稳定发展期)、晚(湖泊消亡期)三期.早期(距今5.41~4.40 Ma), 札达盆地为温凉而干旱的疏林草原植被气候, 随后转变为温暖稍湿的森林草原植被气候, 最后转变为温暖潮湿的亚热带针阔叶混交林气候, 这一时期古湖开始形成; 中期(距今4.40~2.57 Ma), 古气候进入寒温期, 古植被表现为先由暖温带针阔叶混交林带向山地寒温带暗针叶林带过渡, 再由山地暖温带针阔叶混交林→山地寒温带暗针叶林交替出现的过程, 古湖泊进入发育期; 晚期(距今2.57~1.36 Ma), 湖区古气候环境进入寒冷期, 古植被为山地寒温带暗针叶林→山地暗针叶林向低矮灌木→干冷草原的变化, 古湖泊进入消亡阶段.古湖泊演化与古植被、古气候演变有很好的相关性, 高原隆升控制了古气候环境的变化, 进而影响湖泊水量的变化.