广西岑溪地区泥盆系志留系地质特征及其意义

广西岑溪地区志留系为半深、深海笔石相—滨浅海腕足相的碎屑岩地层序列,属地槽型沉积产物;泥盆系为滨岸碎屑岩相—台地碳酸盐岩相—槽盆硅质岩相的地层序列,富含鱼、腕足等多门类化石,具地台型沉积特征。泥盆系与志留系之间为平行不整合接触。表明广西运动在本区表现为整体抬升遭受剥蚀而非强烈的造山运动,其集中暴发时间在早泥盆世早期,前奏可追溯到中志留世。由于这一运动,结束了本区早古生代地槽的发展历史,此后进入准地台发展阶段,导致钦州地槽博白—玉林拗陷未能延至本区。     

Correlations between gastropod shell dissolution and water chemical properties in a tropical estuary

Although poorly reported in the scientific literature, acidic waters characterize many South East Asian estuaries. The observation of shell dissolution in a typically marine gastropod whelk (Thais) prompted investigation into determining relationships between shell properties of this whelk and the water chemistry (including pH) of the Sungai Brunei estuary (Borneo) in which it occurs. Shell weight, shell length and topographical shell features were determined for populations of Thais gradata distributed along a gradient of pH and salinity ranging between 5.78 and 8.3 pH units, and 3.58 and 31.2psu. Shell weight varied independently of the co-varying acidity, salinity and calcium levels experienced. In contrast, shell length and a semi-quantitative variable based on shell sculpturing (shell erosion rank, SER) were significantly correlated with these water chemistry variables. This study brings attention to the potential use of estuarine organisms and systems in investigating current marine acidification questions.     

蒙古国东部巴彦东铅锌矿地质特征及找矿方向

位于蒙古国东部的巴彦东铅锌矿,区域上处于南克鲁伦成矿带内,有著名的有色金属矿山与之相毗邻。在现有的资源量估算边界外侧,矿体还未圈闭。在该矿区周围及深部仍然有较大的找矿空间。矿体主要受细粒黑云母花岗岩及其外侧的矽卡岩控制,NW向张性断层对矿体的就位亦有重要的控制作用,岩性与构造是该矿床形成的联合控制因素。同时矿体位于布格重力异常区以及正、负磁异常的急剧梯度带内。下步找矿工作重点应当在深部投入必要的钻探工作,同时应注意研究外围的矽卡岩分布区物、化探异常特征。     

The vertical hydraulic conductivity of an aquitard at two spatial scales

Aquitards protect underlying aquifers from contaminants and limit recharge to those aquifers. Understanding the mechanisms and quantity of ground water flow across aquitards to underlying aquifers is essential for ground water planning and assessment. We present results of laboratory testing for shale hydraulic conductivities, a methodology for determining the vertical hydraulic conductivity (K(v)) of aquitards at regional scales and demonstrate the importance of discrete flow pathways across aquitards. A regional shale aquitard in southeastern Wisconsin, the Maquoketa Formation, was studied to define the role that an aquitard plays in a regional ground water flow system. Calibration of a regional ground water flow model for southeastern Wisconsin using both predevelopment steady-state and transient targets suggested that the regional K(v) of the Maquoketa Formation is 1.8 x 10(-11) m/s. The core-scale measurements of the K(v) of the Maquoketa Formation range from 1.8 x 10(-14) to 4.1 x 10(-12) m/s. Flow through some additional pathways in the shale, potential fractures or open boreholes, can explain the apparent increase of the regional-scale K(v). Based on well logs, erosional windows or high-conductivity zones seem unlikely pathways. Fractures cutting through the entire thickness of the shale spaced 5 km apart with an aperture of 50 microns could provide enough flow across the aquitard to match that provided by an equivalent bulk K(v) of 1.8 x 10(-11) m/s. In a similar fashion, only 50 wells of 0.1 m radius open to aquifers above and below the shale and evenly spaced 10 km apart across southeastern Wisconsin can match the model K(v).     

Reliably estimating the effect of toxicants on fertilization success in marine broadcast spawners

Recently, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of ecotoxicological studies examining the effects of toxicants on fertilization success in marine broadcast spawners and it appears that this life-history stage is one of the most vulnerable to toxicants. Most of the studies examining this issue use single sperm concentrations in their assays. Here, I discuss recent advances in fertilization ecology that suggest this technique has some severe limitations resulting in unreliable estimations of the size and direction of toxicant effects. I present an alternative assay technique and two metrics (F(max) and [Sperm](max)) that will reliably estimate the size of a toxicant's effect on fertilization success. This technique has the added advantage of making comparisons among species and studies easier without an impractical increase in effort.     

桂东南云开变质地区的大地构造特征

桂东南云开地区的基底主要由前寒武纪变质表壳岩与变形变质花岗岩组成 ,晚古生代、中生代盖层相当薄。该地块形成于晚前寒武纪 ,它在古生代向北运移并同时发生左旋旋转。这一事件奠定了该区的构造格局。在中二叠世末的东吴运动期间 ,该地块作为一个变质地体最终与钦州沉积地体拼合。文章重新对云开地区的大地构造特征进行了认识 ,认为该区的变质基底中存在晋宁期甚至前晋宁期地质体及相应的地质事件