两个冰期-间冰期旋回的黄土记录及其古气候意义

北京邻区枣沟、斋堂和赤峰黄土－古土壤剖面粒度和磁化率变化在幅度和相位上都有明显的差异。在两个冰期－间冰期旋回，磁化率记录具有冰量变化模式，而粒度记录具有轨道周期特点，粒度和磁化率之间的相位关系在从冰期向间冰期转换和冰期向间冰期过渡的过程中，既有滞后也有超前的表现，很难单纯以成土作用来解释。由于黄土粒度主要反映粉尘源区环境和古风场强度的变化，而磁化率主要记录的是沉积区的成壤作用，反映夏季风的强度变化，因此剖面粒度和磁化率变化的不协调说明古风场和粉尘源区变化与粉尘沉积区气候变化之间不统一。这可能意味着控制夏季风强度变化和控制冬季风强度变化的机制存在差异。     

高山增水效应及其水资源意义

根据高山上云、雾、雨、雪、径流等水资源丰富现象，分析了高山冰川、植被、地形等与汽-水作用关系，提出高山增水效应概念和高山区水资源开发与保护的新思路。高大山体及其造成的垂向对流、高山冰川和高山植被共同作用形成了高山增水效应，并形成良性增水系统。山体愈高大，增水效应愈明显。对内陆干旱地区开发利用更多的高山水资源具有意义。     

Dynamic processes of a simple linear dune—a study in the Taklimakan Sand Sea, China

Samples of dune sands, surveys of the morphology and field measurements of wind velocity and direction of a simple linear dune in Taklimakan Sand Sea show that the airflow and sand flux vary with the change of wind direction on the dune surface. Decrease of the airflow stress on the lee flank does not result in much decrease of the sand flux because of the low threshold shear velocities and the airflow conditions. There are no significant relations between the sand flux on the lee flank and the angle of incidence of the airflow. The low threshold shear velocities and the maintenance of the sand flux at the lee flank are the main mechanisms keeping the linear shape of the dunes. Measurements of the sand flux shows that it reaches a maximum on the crest of the dune. The grain size of the transported sands has some differences compared to that of the dune surface. The sands transported are finer than that on the dune surface, but better sorted under the influence of the medium to low wind activity. The field experiment results exhibit that it is possible for the dunes to be shaped as linear dunes during the processes of accumulation and elongation.     

Eco-environment range in the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers

Based on geographical and hydrological extents delimited, four principles are identified, as the bases for delineating the ranges of the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers in the paper. According to the comprehensive analysis of topographical characteristics, climate conditions, vegetation distribution and hydrological features, the source region ranges for eco-environmental study are defined. The eastern boundary point is Dari hydrological station in the upper reach of the Yellow River. The watershed above Dari hydrological station is the source region of the Yellow River which drains an area of 4.49×104 km2. Natural environment is characterized by the major topographical types of plateau lakes and marshland, gentle landforms, alpine cold semi-arid climate, and steppe and meadow vegetation in the source region of the Yellow River. The eastern boundary point is the convergent site of the Nieqiaqu and the Tongtian River in the upstream of the Yangtze River. The watershed above the convergent site is the source region of the Yangtze River, with a watershed area of 12.24×104 km2. Hills and alpine plain topography, gentle terrain, alpine cold arid and semi-arid climate, and alpine cold grassland and meadow are natural conditions in the source region of the Yangtze River.     

罕见矿物--六方球方解石的发现及特征

大庆油田部分三元复合驱抽油井结垢现象比较严重。井中结垢损害抽油设备，增加了生产成本。通过运用XRD，IR，SEM和化学分析手段对抽油井垢的研究发现，垢的主要化学成分为CaO和SiO2，其含量分别为67％和28％，油井垢中的主要矿物成分是罕见矿物——六方球方解石。六方球方解石呈微晶状(1—10μm)，并常常以微晶聚集的球粒状出现，同时伴生有无定形SiO2。呈游离态的SiO2和有机质对于六方球方解石的形成起到了重要作用。     

天然铁(氢)氧化矿物对铜离子的吸附特征

研究了天然铁的(氢)氧化矿物对铜离子的吸附行为，结果显示不同种类的铁(氢)氧化矿物的吸附能力明显不同。针铁矿的吸附能力最强，赤铁矿吸附能力变化最大。对于同种矿物，矿物中杂质的种类和含量是影响吸附能力的主要因素，矿物的晶体习性有一定的影响。粒度较大(＞140目)的情况下，天然矿物的粒度对矿物吸附能力的影响没有规律性。pH值对铁氧化物矿物的吸附性能影响最大。随着初始浓度的增加，铁的(氢)氧化矿物的吸附量增加，但吸附率变化复杂且没有明显规律性。铁的(氢)氧化矿物的吸附行为较为符合Freundlich型和Temkin型等温吸附式。     

泌阳凹陷北部斜坡带构造特征及油气圈闭有效性

泌阳凹陷北部斜坡带断裂极为发育，主要发育NE向和NWW向两组正断层。NE向断层断距大，延伸距离远；NWW向断层断距相对较小，延伸较短。斜坡带由于构造破碎，断层发育，圈闭类型多为断块、断鼻及断层 岩性复合型圈闭。因此，对北部斜坡带断层的展布和交切规律的研究，是识别该区圈闭的关键。     

An Experimental Calibration on the Sphalerite-Galena Sulfur Isotope Geothermometer

A new experimental calibration was undertaken in this study to get a more reliable sphalerite-galena sulfur isotope geothermometer. The experimental conditions selected in study were very similar to those of natural hydrothermal solution. The high-precision SF6 method was used in sulfur isotope analyses. The obtained calibration curve for sulfur isotope fractionation between sphalerite and galena can be expressed with the equation 10001nαSp-Gn= 0.74×106T-2+0.08.     

深海岩芯高分辨率的古环境记录-以南海北部陆坡17940-2柱状样为例

本文将深海岩芯高分辩率记录的替代性指标分为沉积型和生物型两类。沉积型替代性指标主要包括沉积物的粒度，沉积速率，粘土矿物；生物型替代性指标主要包括有孔虫，氧同位素，古水温，有机碳通量。对比研究发现，17940—2柱状样沉积物的粒度、沉积速率、有孔虫，氧同位素，古水温，有机碳通量等指标记录海洋环境变化信息程度优于其它替代性指标；沉积型替代性指标与生物型替代性指标记录海洋环境变化信息不同步；海洋环境变化的突变与渐变影响替代性指标记录的同步性。     

地质基础理念之我见

任-侵位的岩浆体，在结晶分异、固化成岩过程中，一般都可分为：已结晶的固相岩体、正(半)结晶的可塑相岩体及未结晶的熔融相岩浆3部分．此时，若发生了地壳运动，地壳运动的构造作用力。使正(半)结晶的可塑相岩体发生可塑相变形，形成片麻化岩体；地壳运动(包括地震)时的构造作用力为脉动性质的挤压作用力；岩体发生片麻化的地壳运动，又使已结晶的固相岩体和围岩发生断裂活动，形成了断裂带控矿、容矿构造；未结晶的熔融相岩浆再度上升侵位，便形成了小侵入岩体控矿构造．残浆的形成与排出，控矿构造的发生、发展与控矿过程，都是在这次地壳运动过程中完成的．因此，对这次地壳运动可称成矿作用．