遥感技术在地质找矿中的应用及发展前景

遥感技术作为矿产勘查的一种手段应用于找矿,并取得了一定成就.遥感技术的直接应用是蚀变遥感信息的提取,遥感技术的间接应用包括地质构造信息、植被的光谱特征及矿床改造信息等方面.遥感找矿具有很大的发展前景的领域主要有:高光谱数据、数据融合技术、3S的紧密结合、计算机技术的发展.     

Distribution of Palygorskite in the Lingtai Profile of Chinese Loess Plateau: Its Paleoclimatic Implications

Palygorskite is a typical indicator mineral of the arid and strong evaporation environment. Distribution of palygorskite in loess-red clay sequences may act as an important indicator for reconstruction of the paleoenvironment and paleoclimate. In this paper, field emission scanning electron microscope and high-resolution transmission electron microscope observations on the red clay-loess-paleosol of the Renjiapo profile at Lingtai, Gansu Province indicate that palygorskite occurs widely in red clay sequences formed before 3.6 Ma, but no occurrence has been found in eolian sediments since 3.2 Ma. Micromorphological features and microstructure of palygorskite show that it is an autogenic mineral formed during pedogenesis, and transformed from iilite-montmorilionite under the pore water action. In the Lingtai profile, the disappearance horizon of palygorskite is consistent with those of increasing magnetic susceptibility, dust flux and depositional rate. The distribution of palygorskite in the profile indicates that the interval of around 3.6 Ma was an important transformation period of the East Asian paleomonsoon, when changes took place in the East Asia paleoclimate pattern, i.e. a high-frequency strong fluctuation alternative evolution of the environment. Therefore, palygorskite is a key indicator mineral of the East Asian paleomonsoon evolution of that time.     

<Superscript>40</Superscript>Ar-<Superscript>39</Superscript>Ar dating of lamprophyre dykes in the Baimazhai nickel deposit,Yunnan Province,China, and its geological significance

The Baimazhai nickel deposit, Yunnan Province, China, is located in the southern part of the Sanjiang （Tri-river） alkali-rich intrusive rock belt （Sanjiang ARIR）. In this paper was conducted ^40Ar-^39Ar dating of two phlogopites in lamprophyres which are, as dikes, widely distributed in the orefield, and two plateau ages were acquired, i.e., 32.46±0.62 Ma and 32.01±0.60 Ma, respectively （averaging 32.23±0.60 Ma）. The ages are obviously younger than those of the ore-hosted complex and mineralization of the Baimazhai nickel deposit. In combination with the characteristics, it is indicated that lamprophyres in the orefield and those in the Sanjiang ARIR are similar in tectonic setting, mineral assemblage and geochemistry. It is considered that lamprophyres in the orefield are the important component of the Sanjiang ARIR, and the lamprophyres and ore-hosted complex in the orefield represent the products of two times of different magmatic activity from different mantle sources. On the other hand, the age of lamprophyres in the orefield is older than that of the strike-slip shearing of the Ailaoshan-Honghe fault belt, suggesting that the strike-slip shearing of the Ailaoshan-Honghe fault belt is not the factor leading to magmatic activity of lamprophyres in the orefield, while it is more possible that magmatic activity of the Sanjiang ARIR promoted strike-slip shearing of the fault belt.     

A Preliminary Study on Fluid Inclusions and Mineralization of Xitieshan Sedimentary-Exhalative (SEDEX) Lead-Zinc Deposit

The Xitieshan lead-zinc deposit is located at the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin, Qinghai Province, China, and had developed a complete marine sedimentary-exhalative system. Our preliminary study of ore-forming fluids shows that fluid inclusions in quartz from altered stockwork rocks that represent the pipe facies have a wide range of temperature and salinity. The intense fluid activities are characteristics of the pipe facies of the exhalative system. Fluid inclusions in carbonates near the unstratified ore bodies hosted in the thick-bedded marble which represents vent-proximal facies are large in size and have moderate to high temperatures. They represent unerupted sub-seafloor fluid activity. Fluids in altered stockwork rocks and carbonates have similar H2O-NaCl-CO2 system, both belonging to the sedimentary-exhalative system. The fluids migrate from the pipe facies to the unstratified ore bodies. Boiling of the fluids causes the separation of CO2 vapor and liquid H2O. When the fluids migrate into the unconsolidated thick-bedded marble, the escape of CO2, decreasing temperature and pressure as well as some involvement of seawater into the fluids result in the unmixing of fluids with high and low salinity and deposition of ore-forming materials. The two unmixed fluids were trapped in unconsolidated carbonates and the ore-forming materials were deposited in the unconsolidated carbonates to form the sedimentary-exhalative type unstratified ore bodies. The ore-forming temperature of unstratified ore bodies is up to high temperature indicating that there is a huge ore-forming potential in its deep.     

下庄矿田湖子地区铀矿找矿方向探讨

湖子地区位于NNE向诸广-新兴铀成矿带与近EW向大东山-漳州大断裂复合部位,是华南早、晚两期铀成矿热液活动叠加区、放射性高场区,既有"硅化带大脉"型铀矿产出,又有"交点"型铀矿存在,找矿前景良好.文章在论述下庄矿田铀成矿地质环境、铀成矿特征及铀矿定位条件基础上,分析了湖子地区铀成矿条件与找矿前景,指出该区今后铀矿找矿方向是:① 6009号硅化断裂带,在其北段找硅化带大脉型铀矿,在其南段找"交点"型铀矿;②新桥-下庄硅化断裂带和6009号带之间成矿部位,寻找硅化带型和"交点"型铀矿;③NW向、近EW向辉绿岩脉与NNE向、NE向构造交汇部位(交点),寻找"交点"型铀矿.     

From 2D TO 3D Through Modelling Based On A Single Image

Three-dimensional modelling from single images remains an interesting topic of investigation in the research community, even though range sensors are becoming a common alternative for the generation of 3D information. The interest in single-image-based modelling is motivated by a wide spectrum of applications such as cultural heritage, civil engineering, urban planning and even criminology. In this paper a complete new production flowline is presented for modelling based on a single image. The modelling process consists of a series of familiar steps in photogrammetry and computer vision: feature extraction, vanishing point computation, camera self-calibration, 3D reconstruction and dimensional analysis. In particular, the methodology developed for single-image-based modelling takes a scientific approach combining several proven techniques with robust estimators. Finally, in order to demonstrate its capabilities, the reported examples include several real situations applied in different contexts.     

海量三维GIS数据可视化系统的实现研究

建立在OpenGL,OSG图形APIs和各种开源图片支持库之上,基于DEM、影像和常用的GIS地图数据文件,提出一套基于数据网格化管理、动态调度、LOD地形动态简化为主要思想的解决方案,成功构建了海量三维GIS数据可视化系统。系统基于102 G原始数据实现了流畅显示,并基于DEM数据与影像数据的合成实现了红绿立体显示效果,同时基于不同基础数据实现了各种数据的操作、分析等功能。     

中国金矿床(Ⅰ):成矿理论研究新进展

针对中国近年来金矿床学领域研究工作,综合讨论了金矿床成矿学理论研究方面的主要进展。它们集中体现在①大型一超大型金矿床;②区域成矿学与成矿系统;③造山带成矿与造山型金矿：从俯冲（增生）造山到碰撞造山成矿的显著发展;④成矿系列、成矿谱系到成矿体系研究;⑤热点、地幔柱及其多级演化：从边缘成矿到板内成矿;⑥成矿时代：从模糊到精确;⑦现代金矿成矿的实时模型;⑧从板块构造演化、超越板块构造到成矿地球动力学等8个方面。     

基于USB的DCP控制电路设计与应用

传统的机械式电位器控制电路难以满足高精度的信号调节要求,而且具有调节不方便、体积大、重复性差等弱点;为此,利用USB即插即用的优点,设计了基于USB的DCP控制电路;这里详细介绍了USB设计模块、DCP控制模块、固件程序设计和应用程序设计;测试结果表明:该设计是成功的,在输入1 V的正弦信号情况下,输出信号的调节精度可达1 mV,实现了输出信号的高精度调节,具有一定应用前景。