Potential field imaging of Palaeozoic orogenic structure in northern and central Europe

The Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ) is the most fundamental lithospheric boundary in Europe, separating the ancient crust of the Fennoscandian Shield–East European Craton from the younger crust of central Europe, and extending deep into the mantle. Geophysical potential field images provide an overview of the entire Palaeozoic orogenic system of northern and central Europe for the first time. The TESZ is largely concealed by sedimentary basins of Permian–Cenozoic age; geological observations are largely restricted to local basement highs and deep boreholes, and the coverage of deep seismic surveys is widely spaced, despite experiments recently acquired within the EUROPROBE programme. By contrast, the potential field data offer a relatively detailed coverage of standardised observations throughout the TESZ. While some features of the images may be sourced in the near surface, particularly in the gravity image, much of their content reflects the structure of the underlying Palaeozoic basement. At the scale presented, the images highlight the most fundamental features of the crustal structure of the TESZ. These include the strong contrast between the highly magnetic crust of the East European Craton and the less magnetic Palaeozoic-accreted terranes of central Europe; the lateral continuity of terranes and their internal structure, particularly where arc-magmatic complexes are involved; and the location and geometry of the terrane boundaries (oceanic sutures and strike-slip zones) that separate them.     

Lower lithospheric structure beneath the Trans-European Suture Zone from POLONAISE''97 seismic profiles

The large-scale POLONAISE'97 seismic experiment investigated the velocity structure of the lithosphere in the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ) region between the Precambrian East European Craton (EEC) and Palaeozoic Platform (PP). In the area of the Polish Basin, the P-wave velocity is very low (Vp <6.1 km/s) down to depths of 15–20 km, and the consolidated basement (Vp5.7–5.8 km/s) is 5–12 km deep. The thickness of the crust is 30 km beneath the Palaeozoic Platform, 40–45 km beneath the TESZ, and 40–50 km beneath the EEC. The compressional wave velocity of the sub-Moho mantle is >8.25 km/s in the Palaeozoic Platform and 8.1 km/s in the Precambrian Platform. Good quality record sections were obtained to the longest offsets of about 600 km from the shot points, with clear first arrivals and later phases of waves reflected/refracted in the lower lithosphere. Two-dimensional interpretation of the reversed system of travel times constrains a series of reflectors in the depth range of 50–90 km. A seismic reflector appears as a general feature at around 10 km depth below Moho in the area, independent of the actual depth to the Moho and sub-Moho seismic velocity. “Ringing reflections” are explained by relatively small-scale heterogeneities beneath the depth interval from 90 to 110 km. Qualitative interpretation of the observed wave field shows a differentiation of the reflectivity in the lower lithosphere. The seismic reflectivity of the uppermost mantle is stronger beneath the Palaeozoic Platform and TESZ than the East European Platform. The deepest interpreted seismic reflector with zone of high reflectivity may mark a change in upper mantle structure from an upper zone characterised by seismic scatterers of small vertical dimension to a lower zone with vertically larger seismic scatterers, possible caused by inclusions of partial melt.     

Sharp contrast in lithospheric structure across the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone as inferred by Rayleigh wave analysis of TOR1 project data

This work is a part of the TOR1 project (1996–1997) and is devoted to determining the lithospheric structure across the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone in Northern Europe. For the first time in Europe, a very dense seismic broadband array has offered the possibility of determining very sharp lateral variations in the structure of the lithosphere at small scales using surface wave analysis. We measure phase velocities for Rayleigh waves with periods ranging between 10 and 100 s, both within arrays with apertures of 40–50 km (small compared to the wavelength), and along long profiles of at least 100 km. Dispersion curves are then inverted and shear-wave velocity models down to the depth of 200 km are proposed. We show that the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone is a major tectonic feature within the whole lithosphere. North–east of this feature, in Sweden beneath the Baltic Shield, no lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary is observed to exist to depths of 200 km. South–west of the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone, beneath Denmark, we find a lithospheric thickness of 120±20 km. The transition across the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone is sharp and determined to be very steeply dipping to the south–west. We also demonstrate the existence of a sharp discontinuity between the lithospheres beneath Denmark (120±20 km thick) and beneath Germany (characterized by thicknesses of 50±10 km in the northernmost part and 100±20 km in the southwest). This discontinuity is most likely related to the Trans-European Fault at the surface.     

小震的综合识别研究ht

采用现代数字信号处理方法，对中国地震局地球物理研究所研制的数字地震仪在山西省大同地区1999年11月记录的三分向数字地震资料进行分析，研究了数字地震记录信号的自动识别．结果表明，通过采用长短时信号平均值比、谱分析和小波分析法提取特征参量进行综合识别的方法，可对地震信号进行人机交互式自动识别，且对多数ML＞2.0地震识别较好．      

“75.8”河南特大暴雨的动力学分析

采用比较完全的ω方程,计算了暴雨期间大范围垂直运动场。指出导致各种天气过程与垂直运动大小的关系以及水汽凝结潜热的突出影响;得到了登陆台风和暴雨区的三维运动图案。另外,对于用某些天气学分析的结论,如弱冷空气活动、东风气流和上游热带涡旋等对暴雨的影响,用定量计算的结果给予澄清和肯定,揭露了台风反覆转向时垂直结构的变化。最后,给出了暴雨预报的着眼点。     

长江中下游地区“寒露风”出现早晚的环流特征的初步分析和预报

一、前言 我国后季稻抽穗开花时,正值秋季冷空气逐步加强南侵的时期,容易遭受低温危害,影响水稻正常孕穗开花,增加空壳率,造成减产。我们根据1953—1975年23年资料,对长江中下游双季稻种植区的秋季低温(亦称“寒露风”)出现早晚的环流背景和前期环流特征及其预报问题进行了初步研究。分析指出,同年三月东亚槽的强弱和前一年10—12月我国东南沿海副热带高压西伸脊点位置与长江中下游地区寒露风出现早晚有较好的关     

Deep seismic soundings in southern Spain

Summary In 1974 and 1975 deep seismic sounding experiments were carried out in the area of the Betic Cordillera in southern Spain. A network of crustal seismic profiles was established with shotpoints at sea close to Cádiz, Adra and Cartagena and on land at Alquife near Guadix. The lengths of the profiles range from 50 km near Alquife to 440 km for the main profile between Cádiz and Cartagena parallel to the strike of the Betic Cordillera. The main profile was supplemented by a reversed recording line close to the Mediterranean coast between Adra and Cartagena and another one perpendicular to the main tectonic strike from Adra towards the north. The first interpretation of the data indicates considerable variation in the crustal thickness. A preliminary inversion leads to a three-layered model of the crust. The mean compressional velocity is about 5.1 km/s down to a depth of 4 km. Below this the velocity is 6.13 km/s from 4 to 16 km where it increases to 7.14 km/s. TheP _n-velocity is 8.18 km/s. The crust-mantle boundary is reached at a depth of 27 km near Cartagena and lies 32 km deep near Adra, Underneath the gravity minimum of the Betic Cordillera the crust-mantle boundary is found at a depth of about 36 km. Below the Betic zone a pronounced zone of low velocity with 7.7 km/s seems to exist in the depth range from 40 to 60 km.Contribution No. 4, Grupo de Trabajo de Perfiles Sismicos, Comisión Española del Proyecto Geodinámico, C.S.I.C., Madrid, Spain.Contribution No. 139, Geophysical Institute, University of Karlsruhe, Hertzstrasse 16, D-75 Karlsruhe 21, Germany.Contribution No. 217, Institut de Physique du Globe, Université Paris VI, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75230 Paris Cedex 05, France.Contribution No. 11, Instituto y Observatorio de Marina, San Fernando (Cádiz), Spain.Contribution No. 163, Institute of Geophysics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Hönggerberg, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.     

盛夏亚洲和西太平洋副热带地区高压活动规律的若干研究

盛夏亚洲和西太平洋地区除存在强大又稳定的太陆青藏高压外，西太平洋副热带高压也是对流层大气中深厚的高压实体． 这是两个既独立又有紧密联系的高压系统． 本文研究指出，它们之间的演变关系有两种情况：一种是整个环流调整，促使两个高压相向或相背而行，调整到一个位置或者分离在一定波长范围内；另一种是西太平洋副热带高压稳定存在，副热带地区环流作新的调整，大陆青藏高压东移与副高合并． 本文还分析太平洋中部槽与西太平洋副热带高压的关系，指出两者存在一定的对应关系．但其制约关系如何，有特进一步研究．     

副硫锑钴矿(CoSbS)的晶体结构

副硫锑钴矿是硫锑钴矿(CoSbS)的一个同质多象变体。1970年由卡布里(L. J. Cabri)等人发现于加拿大安大略州,他们对该矿物进行了化学分析及X射线粉晶分析等研究。测得该矿物属斜方晶系,a=5.764,b=5.952,c=11.635,空间群为Pbca,Z=8。     

开展基建审计 服务台站综改

２００１年以来，根据省局党组安排，我们组织专人对部分县（市）台站综合设施改善项目进行了基建审计，取得了较好的社会经济效益。通过审计，在为台站节约开支的同时，锻炼了队伍，提高了审计人员业务素质，促进了被审单位的党风廉政建设。１拓宽审计领域，开展台站综合改善审计山西省１１９个基层气象台站中的绝大多数是５０、６０年代建成的。由于当时条件所限，基础设施和办公条件极为简陋，有的台站是由破庙改建而成，有的台站办公室和宿舍仅是几孔旧窑洞。经过风雨剥蚀，年久失修，变得更加破旧不堪。据综改前初步统计，全省基层气象…