塔里木盆地喀什凹陷北缘烃源岩潜力探讨

对喀什凹陷北缘烃源岩进行了综合评价分析,通过对喀什凹陷北缘3套潜在烃源岩的分布、有机质丰度、类型、成熟度的对比分析,认为喀什凹陷北缘石炭系海相碳酸盐岩分布有限,综合评价指标较差,为非烃源岩;二叠系海陆过渡相泥岩分布较广,为差烃源岩;侏罗系煤系源岩分布虽然局限,但是厚度大,评价指标好,是喀什凹陷主要的烃源岩.石炭系碳酸盐岩和二叠系泥岩不具备为大中型气田提供烃源的潜质.     

Relative sea-level history from the Lambert Glacier region, East Antarctica, and its relation to deglaciation and Holocene glacier readvance

We present a relative sea-level (RSL) history, constrained by AMS radiocarbon-dated marine-freshwater transitions in isolation basins from a site adjacent to the Lambert Glacier, East Antarctica. The RSL data suggest an initial ice retreat between c. 15,370 and 12,660 cal yr B.P.. Within this period, meltwater pulse IA (mwp IA, between c. 14,600-14,200 and 14,100-13,700 cal yr B.P.) occurred; an exceptionally large ice melting event, inferred from far-field sea-level records. The RSL curve shows a pronounced highstand of approximately 8 m between c. 7570-7270 and 7250-6950 cal yr B.P. that is consistent with the timing of the RSL highstand in the nearby Vestfold Hills. This is followed by a fall in RSL to the present. In contrast to previous findings, the isolation of the lakes in the Larsemann Hills postdates the isolation of lakes with similar sill heights in the Vestfold Hills. An increase in RSL fall during the late Holocene may record a decline in the rate of isostatic uplift in the Larsemann Hills between c. 7250-6950 and 2847-2509 cal yr B.P., that occurred in response to a documented mid-Holocene glacier readvance followed by a late-Holocene retreat.     

长庆中部气田奥陶纪马家沟组储层成岩模式与孔隙系统

长庆中部气田奥陶纪马家沟组马五～马五储层的主要成岩作用包括:(Ⅰ)准同生白云石化作用;(Ⅱ)白云石对小球状硬石膏结核(简称"膏球")和板状硬石膏晶体的交代;(Ⅲ)石膏的溶解;(Ⅳ)自生石英、自生粘土矿物在白云石晶间生长;(Ⅴ)早期方解石的充填作用;(Ⅵ)晚期方解石的充填作用;(Ⅶ)钾石盐的充填作用;(Ⅷ)去白云石化作用。其中造成孔隙的是(Ⅰ)、(Ⅱ)、(Ⅲ),破坏孔隙的主要是(Ⅴ)、(Ⅵ)、(Ⅶ)、(Ⅷ)。最重要的成岩作用是(Ⅰ)、(Ⅱ)、(Ⅲ)。主要的成岩模式有:云化-溶蚀型、云化-溶蚀-充填型、云化-溶解型、云化-交代-溶解型、云化-交代-溶解-早充填型、云化-交代-溶解-早充填-晚充填型、云化-交代-溶解-早充填-晚充填-钾石盐充填型。其中云化-溶解型、云化-交代-溶解型以及云化-溶蚀型是形成孔隙的主要成岩方式。主要的孔隙系统类型有5种:密球型、"球 胀裂缝型"、"球 晶间溶孔型"、晶模孔型、晶间溶孔型。其中,密球型、"球 胀裂缝型"、"球 晶间溶孔型"是最主要的孔隙系统类型。长庆中部气田马五段储层的发育首先受沉积微相控制,即膏球的发育;在此基础上还受成岩方式控制。膏球发育于马五、马五、马五、马五,尤其是马五。白云石对硬石膏球的交代作用和石膏的溶解作用广泛发育于马五、马五、马五、马五、马五、马五、马五、马五地层中。早期方解石、晚期方解石和钾石盐的充填作用主要发育在马五、马五、马五和马五地层中,而在马五、马五地层中不发育。膏球在马五、马五、马五不发育。所以,马五、马五、马五是最好的储集层段马五、马五是其次的储集层段。马五、马五、马五是最差的储集层段。     

上海淀山湖水生高等植物现状及其近30年变化

于2009年8月至2010年5月调查淀山湖水生高等植物现状.并结合历史资料分析其近30年变化,探讨水生植被的发展趋势及退化原因.淀山湖现有水生高等植物29种,隶属18科,25属,栽培种、外来种比例较过去升高.30年来水生植被(尤其是沉水植被)面积严重萎缩,主要植被类型从沉水植物占优势转变为漂浮植物占优势,沉水植被主要优...     

华山云海的变化特征以及与气象要素的关系

用华山气象站1985—2014年气象要素资料,分析近30 a华山云海的变化及云海与降水、相对湿度、风速的关系。结果表明,华山年平均云海日为26.27 d,最多年份72 d,最少年份仅3 d;面积200 km~2云海年平均日数24.23 d;面积≥200 km~2云海平均日数2.87 d,最多有20 d (1985、1994年),最少有2 d(1997年),1997年后再没有面积≥200 km~2的云海出现。云海的出现呈逐年下降的趋势,年际差异明显。秋季云海出现日数最多(平均云海日数8.13 d),冬季最少(平均4.60 d);各月的云海日数8月最多,5月最少。面积≥200 km~2云海冬季出现日数最多,夏季最少;11月出现最多,3、12月次之,5月最少。面积≥200 km~2云海出现的前一天或当天一般都有降水,两天中至少有一天出现降水的几率是84.30%;平均相对湿度≥70%时,较易形成云海;云海日出现时常伴有风,但总体风速不大,通常≤10.0 m·s~(-1),利于云海的形成保持。     

塔里木河干流输水运行对河流生态功效的分析

塔里木河干流在2005年阿拉尔站的年径流量为57.18×108 m3,属丰水年,上、中、下游耗水量分别为31.63×108m3、18.93×108 m3、7.206×108 m3.1960-2004年新渠满站水文断面河床总淤积厚度达120 cm,由于河床淤积,洪水漫溢不断增大,导致上游段耗水量呈不断增加趋势.2005年实施了第七次生态输水,向下游"绿色走廊"输水2.80×108m3.从2000-2005年向塔里木河下游绿色走廊应急输水,共七次累计输水时间900天,前期主要利用开都-孔雀河处在丰水期的有利时机,后期靠塔里木河流域综合治理成果和上游三源流的水量增加.总计从博斯腾湖和干流调水25.06×108m3,自大西海子水库泄洪闸向塔里木河最下游河道输水量达20.40×108m3.2005年水头连续五次到达台特玛湖,不仅使塔里木河下游绿色走廊生态条件得到了改善,而且也使干流两侧胡杨林生态林草得到较快的恢复,并使塔里木河干流全程流水的受损河流生态系统得到了修复.塔里木河干流区域林草面积142.1×104hm2,其中上游段46.8×104hm2,约占干流林草总面积的33.0%,位居第二,中游段81.1×104hm2,占总面积的57.1%,位居第一,而下游段14.1×104hm2,占总面积的9.9%,位居第三.结果显示,塔里木河干流上游、中游的植被面积与水量消耗极不协调.2001-2005年上游消耗水量均超过了塔里木河干流初始水权比例下的分配额度.为了保障塔里木河干流实现永久输水和维护其区域生态功能,建议急需对上游河段采取河道整治和疏浚等工程措施,进一步调整干流上、中、下游区水量泄放比例,才能使得塔里木河的综合治理实现生态河流目标.     

基于Python实现正射影像图的质量检查与精度统计方法研究

DOM成果质量检查是数字测绘成果质量检查的核心内容之一,本文介绍了DOM质量检查主要的核查内容、方法和评估公式,提出了利用Python语言和FME模板设计对质量检查中需要人工核查的重要环节进行技术优化,实现检查图、表等统计信息的自动化生成,并对流程优化过程中的重要环节进行阐述,有效地提高了DOM成果质量检查效率。     

The portrayal of the Australian monsoon equatorial monsoon shear line by GCMs: enhanced greenhouse scenario implications

A critical test of a general circulation model is its performance on the regional scale. In this paper we examine the summer climatology of the CSIRO4 (4-layer) climate model over the Australian tropical region. The benchmark for the study is the positioning of the monsoon equatorial trough. We compare the CSIRO4 model climatology with the climatologies from the GFDL and GISS models and we report on the sensitivity of the position of the monsoon shear line and the strength of the monsoon westerly winds to the doubling of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The model results show that under the greenhouse scenario the monsoon is strengthened, but the average location of the monsoon shear line is not sensitive to the doubling of CO₂. Offprint requests to: BF Ryan     

Recognition criteria,characteristics and implications of the fluvial to marine transition zone in ancient deltaic deposits (Lajas Formation,Argentina)

The seaward end of modern rivers is characterized by the interactions of marine and fluvial processes, a tract known as the fluvial to marine transition zone, which varies between systems due to the relative strength of these processes. To understand how fluvial and tidal process interactions and the fluvial to marine transition zone are preserved in the rock record, large‐scale outcrops of deltaic deposits of the Middle Jurassic Lajas Formation (Neuquén Basin, Argentina) have been investigated. Fluvial–tidal indicators consist of cyclically distributed carbonaceous drapes in unidirectional, seaward‐oriented cross‐stratifications, which are interpreted as the result of tidal modulation of the fluvial current in the inner part of the fluvial to marine transition zone. Heterolithic deposits with decimetre‐scale interbedding of coarser‐grained and finer‐grained facies with mixed fluvial and tidal affinities are interpreted to indicate fluvial discharge fluctuations (seasonality) and subordinate tidal influence. Many other potential tidal indicators are argued to be the result of fluvial–tidal interactions with overall fluvial dominance or of purely fluvial processes. No purely tidal or tide‐dominated facies were recognized in the studied deposits. Moreover, fluvial–tidal features are found mainly in deposits interpreted as interflood (forming during low river stage) in distal (delta front) or off‐axis (interdistributary) parts of the system. Along major channel axes, the interpreted fluvial to marine transition zone is mainly represented by the fluvial‐dominated section, whereas little or no tide‐dominated section is identified. The system is interpreted to have been hyposynchronous with a poorly developed turbidity maximum. These conditions and the architectural elements described, including major and minor distributary channels, terminal distributary channels, mouth bars and crevasse mouth bars, are consistent with an interpretation of a fluvial‐dominated, tide‐influenced delta system and with an estimated short backwater length and inferred microtidal conditions. The improved identification of process interactions, and their preservation in ancient fluvial to marine transition zones, is fundamental to refining interpretations of ancient deltaic successions.