A Study of Magnetized White Dwarf+Helium Star Binary Evolution to Type Ⅰa Supernovae

The white dwarf(WD)+helium(He)star binary channel plays an important role in the single degenerate scenario for the progenitors of type Ⅰa supernovae(SNe Ⅰa).Pr...     

四川宜宾地壳浅部三维S波速度结构及方位各向异性

利用四川宜宾及周边地区布设的30个临时台站连续44天的波形记录,采用背景噪声互相关方法提取了周期为1—15 s的瑞雷面波相速度频散曲线,然后使用基于面波射线路径追踪的瑞雷面波直接成像方法得到0—10 km深度范围内三维S波速度模型,最后利用该模型作为初始模型采用相同的反演框架得到该地区的方位各向异性结构.结果表明:浅层...     

利用区域地基GPS的电离层层析成像研究

电离层是近地空间的重要组成部分,如何对电离层的异常扰动进行合理监测与预报一直是空间物理领域的研究课题。本文将计算机层析成像技术引入到电离层扰动监测中,利用大量的区域地基GPS观测数据,借助代数层析迭代算法反演得到三维电离层电子密度;并将层析结果与国际电离层参考模型IRI2007进行对比分析,结果表明:地基GPS层析所得的电离层电子密度与IRI2007基本一致,但层析结果精度略高于IRI2007模型。     

Dome A冰川学研究进展及深冰芯计划展望

目前,位于东南极冰盖分冰岭中心的冰穹-Dome A已成为深入理解南极冰盖演化、稳定性和找寻地球气候久远记录的研究热点。通过整理总结在Dome A获得的冰川学研究进展,结合国际冰芯科学研究计划(International Partnerships in Ice Core Sciences,简称IPICS)有关寻找最古老冰芯的相关资料,对Dome A的气象要素、地貌、冰厚、冰下地形、冰体流速、冰盖内部结构等环境特征进行归纳分析,讨论Dome A冰川学的最新发展及其对深冰芯钻探计划的影响,并分析概述Dome A深冰芯钻探需考虑的问题和未来发展动向。     

Analysis of Titan's neutral upper atmosphere from Cassini Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer measurements

In this paper we present an in-depth study of the distributions of various neutral species in Titan's upper atmosphere, between 950 and 1500 km for abundant species (N₂, CH₄, H₂) and between 950 and 1200 km for other minor species. Our analysis is based on a large sample of Cassini/INMS (Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer) measurements in the CSN (Closed Source Neutral) mode, obtained during 15 close flybys of Titan. To untangle the overlapping cracking patterns, we adopt Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) to determine simultaneously the densities of different species. Except for N₂, CH₄, H₂ and ⁴⁰Ar (as well as their isotopes), all species present density enhancements measured during the outbound legs. This can be interpreted as a result of wall effects, which could be either adsorption/desorption of these molecules or heterogeneous surface chemistry of the associated radicals on the chamber walls. In this paper, we provide both direct inbound measurements assuming ram pressure enhancement only and abundances corrected for wall adsorption/desorption based on a simple model to reproduce the observed time behavior. Among all minor species of photochemical interest, we have firm detections of C₂H₂, C₂H₄, C₂H₆, CH₃C₂H, C₄H₂, C₆H₆, CH₃CN, HC₃N, C₂N₂ and NH₃ in Titan's upper atmosphere. Upper limits are given for other minor species.The globally averaged distributions of N₂, CH₄ and H₂ are each modeled with the diffusion approximation. The N₂ profile suggests an average thermospheric temperature of 151 K. The CH₄ and H₂ profiles constrain their fluxes to be and , referred to Titan's surface. Both fluxes are significantly higher than the Jeans escape values. The INMS data also suggest horizontal/diurnal variations of temperature and neutral gas distribution in Titan's thermosphere. The equatorial region, the ramside, as well as the nightside hemisphere of Titan appear to be warmer and present some evidence for the depletion of light species such as CH₄. Meridional variations of some heavy species are also observed, with a trend of depletion toward the north pole. Though some of the above variations might be interpreted by either the solar-driven models or auroral-driven models, a physical scenario that reconciles all the observed horizontal/diurnal variations in a consistent way is still missing. With a careful evaluation of the effect of restricted sampling, some of the features shown in the INMS data are more likely to be observational biases.     

濮阳市深秋连阴雨天气过程成因分析

利用高空天气图、地面加密观测、多种物理量场等资料,分析了2006年深秋发生在濮阳市的连阴雨天气过程,结果表明:500 hPa大尺度环流形势稳定,有利于中低层中尺度系统的形成,为本次降水过程提供了动力机制;500 hPa横槽不断有冷空气扩散南下,在中纬度地区产生小波动,每一个小波动与暖湿气流在濮阳市交汇,配合700 hPa低槽、切变线及地面中尺度辐合线共同作用造成了持续的阴雨天气;地面气压场上东南沿海气旋波北扩到35°N,既为降水过程提供了水汽和能量供应,也阻止了北方冷空气的快速南下,使冷、暖空气在濮阳市汇合;物理量场的变化,对这次连阴雨的预报有一定的指示意义.     

气候条件对建筑施工的影响及其评价模型

季节性施工会受到外部气象条件的影响.在分析建筑施工受气象因素影响的基础上,建立了模糊层次综合评价模型.利用该模型,可对建筑工程施工时受不利气象条件影响程度做出预先评价,从而合理安排季节性施工.     

强对流天气临近预报技术研究

强对流天气是严重危害人民生活的危险性天气,特别是对于空中飞行有重大影响。目前,国内外主要的临近预报技术包括利用雷达资料的雷暴识别和跟踪技术、利用卫星资料的强降水估计,概率预报技术、概念模型和数值模式预报技术等。本文重点介绍近年来发展起来的强对流天气临近预报方法和主要业务系统,分析了临近预报技术中存在的主要问题并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Mesoscale Structure of Trade Wind Convection over Puerto Rico: Composite Observations and Numerical Simulation

We examine the mesoscale structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), low-level circulation, and trade wind convection over the sub-tropical island of Puerto Rico in mid-summer. Shallow afternoon thunderstorms are frequently seen over the western plains of the island. Observational data include automatic weather station measurements, radiosonde profiles, infrared satellite images, and mesoscale reanalysis data with a focus on the summer of 2006. Satellite microwave radar data (TRMM and CloudSat) indicate that island clouds typically extend just above the −20°C level during afternoon hours with reflectivity values reaching 50 dBz. A singular value decomposition of 3-hourly high resolution satellite rainfall maps reveals an island mode. From this a composite is constructed for a group of ten cases. With a Froude number ≈1 the trade winds pass over the mountains and standing vortices and gravity waves are trapped in the meandering wake. The Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) model at 1-km resolution with 51 vertical layers is used to simulate the short-lived thunderstorms for two cases: 27 June and 20 July 2006. The model correctly locates the convective cells that develop between 1400 and 1700 LST. The shallow afternoon thunderstorms are triggered by surface heat fluxes, confluent sea breezes and a mountain wake. Recommendations for enhanced observations are given.