A statistical study on relationship of El Niño events to the hydrography along 137 °E in winter

Principal component analysis (PCA) as used by meteorologists and oceanographers is a powerful tool for analysis of the spatial and temporal variability of physical fields. This study was aimed at applying “quasi-local PCA for singular factor” to make the cumulative percentage for the first principal component as great as possible, so that a multi-dimensional problem can be reduced to a single-dimensional one, and then stepwise regression analysis can be used to parameterize the relationship between El Niño events and the hydrographic factor anomalies along 137 °E in winter. The results show that the salinity anomalies on 30 m level, the sigmat on 250 m level, and the temperature on 300 m level at 8 °N are most closely related with El Niño events because of thermocline movement caused by enhanced upwelling in this area during El Niño years.     

生物传感器综述

本文介绍当前国际、国内生物传感器的发展及应用概况,并对生物传感器的市场前景和生物传感器技术的未来发展作了简单地论述。     

彰武盆地地质发展及构造聚煤控煤研究

从侏罗纪到新生代彰武盆地构造发展可分为８个阶段。早新华夏系属成盆期构造体系，控制了以八道壕煤系为代表的晚侏罗世九佛堂组的聚煤作用；北西构造系同沉积构造控制了彰武盆地早白垩世小型断陷盆地的聚煤作用；中新华夏系等成盆后构造通过后期形变控制了盆地内现今煤层的分布。     

Induction of gyno-tetraploidy in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Tetraploid fish are important for mass production of triploids in polyploid breeding. In this study, we reported a novel protocol for artificial induction of...     

Wind speed prediction using statistical regression and neural network

Prediction of wind speed in the atmospheric boundary layer is important for wind energy assessment, satellite launching and aviation, etc. There are a few techniques available for wind speed prediction, which require a minimum number of input parameters. Four different statistical techniques, viz., curve fitting, Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average Model (ARIMA), extrapolation with periodic function and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are employed to predict wind speed. These methods require wind speeds of previous hours as input. It has been found that wind speed can be predicted with a reasonable degree of accuracy using two methods, viz., extrapolation using periodic curve fitting and ANN and the other two methods are not very useful.     

Water Balance and Evapotranspiration Monitoring in Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering

Among the various components of the water balance, measurement of evapotranspiration has probably been the most difficult component to quantify and measure experimentally. Some attempts for direct measurement of evapotranspiration have included the use of weighing lysimeters. However, quantification of evapotranspiration has been typically conducted using energy balance approaches or indirect water balance methods that rely on quantification of other water balance components. This paper initially presents the fundamental aspects of evapotranspiration as well as of its evaporation and transpiration components. Typical methods used for prediction of evapotranspiration based on meteorological information are also discussed. The current trend of using evapotranspirative cover systems for closure of waste containment facilities located in arid climates has brought renewed needs for quantification of evapotranspiration. Finally, case histories where direct or indirect measurements of evapotranspiration have been conducted are described and analyzed.     

检索应用中地理信息资源相似度计算方法研究

在地理信息资源检索应用中,资源属性间相似关系的计算还不够深入,地理信息资源的精准推荐及检索可视化应用尚难以实现。针对该问题,统一采用"相似度"对资源属性间的相似关系进行表达。资源的属性类型大部分为文本,其中具有语义差异,文中提出复合文本的相似度算法对文本类型属性进行匹配,并给出数值类型属性的"相似度"映射方案。在此基础上,实现资源时间、空间属性的相似度计算。基于所提出的相似度算法进行地理信息资源检索实验,实现地理信息资源属性间相似关系的量化,促进信息可视化在地理信息资源检索中的应用。     

Large-Eddy Simulation of Flow Over a Vegetation-Like Canopy Modelled as Arrays of Bluff-Body Elements

Turbulent flow over a vegetation canopy under neutral atmospheric conditions is investigated using large-eddy simulation. Each model tree, which consists of a sphere-shaped tree crown and a cylindrical trunk, is fully resolved. The resulting turbulence statistics and the drag force on the vegetation agree well with measurements from the corresponding wind-tunnel experiment described by Böhm et al. (Boundary-Layer Meteorol, 146:393–419, 2013). Statistically, this kind of model canopy exhibits both vegetation and bluff-body-flow characteristics. The time-averaged flow skims over the top of the underlying canopy, forming a low-momentum recirculation zone on the lee-side of the bluff elements, which causes significant dispersive stress within the canopy layer. Two other numerical representations of vegetation canopies, referred to as the drag-element and drag-crown approaches, have also been developed to assess the performance of simulations. Turbulence statistics suggest that the canopy shear layer interferes with wakes behind stems and crowns. The drag-crown approach yields better agreement between numerical results and experimental measurements than does the traditional drag-element approach, thus providing a promising numerical model for simulating canopy turbulence.     

甲强龙联合右美托咪定对体外循环下认知功能的影响

目的 评价甲强龙联合右美托咪定对体外循环（CPB）心脏瓣膜置换术患者脑认知功能的保护作用。方法 选择内蒙古医科大学附属医院CPB下行心脏瓣膜置换术患者60例,完全随机化分为4组（n=15）,分别为对照组（A组）、甲强龙组（M组）、右美托咪定组（D组）和甲强龙联合右美托咪定组（B组）,在麻醉诱导后气管插管,机械通气。M组在体外循环预冲液加入甲强龙20mg/kg,D组麻醉在诱导后静脉泵注右美托咪定1μg/kg负荷量,之后以0.05μg/（kg·h）速率静脉泵注至术毕,B组既麻醉诱导后静脉注射右美托咪定1μg/kg负荷量,然后以0.05μg/（kg·h）速率静脉输注至术毕又在体外循环预冲液加入甲强龙20mg/kg,A组给于等容量生理盐水。在麻醉后手术前（T₁）、CPB即刻（T₂）、CPB30min（T₃）、CPB结束10min（T₄）、术毕（T₅）、CPB结束后6h（T₆）时采集颈内静脉球部血样,使用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）法测定血清IL-6、IL-10、S100β蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）的浓度。记录术前1天术后2天、3天、7天采用简化智能评分量表（MMSE）评估患者认知功能。结果 M组、D组和B组在T_1~6各个时间点IL-6、S100β蛋白和NSE均比对照组明显降低,IL-10均比对照组升高,差异有统计学差异（P<0.05）。B组在T_1~6各个时间点IL-6、S100β蛋白和NSE均比其他组更低,IL-10均比其他组更高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。M组、D组和B组术后发生认知功能障碍的发生率均高于对照组,B组发生认知功能障碍的发生率最低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 甲强龙和右美托嘧啶均可以有效降低体外循环中IL-6、S100β蛋白和NSE的浓度,降低脑损伤,减少术后认知功能障碍的发生率,联合应用甲强龙和右美托嘧啶对体外循环后脑损伤的保护效果更佳。     

用TRMM资料研究1998年长江流域暴雨

热带测雨卫星ＴＲＭＭ资料于１９９８年６月起向公众用户开放。本文使用了１９９８年７月２０日世界时２１：４０分的ＴＲＭＭ资料对长江流域暴雨作了初步研究。ＴＲＭＭ导出的降水产品亦与雨量计，地面雷达观测以及数值模拟结果进行了比较。由此得出，ＴＲＭＭ资料非常适合于暴雨监测研究。此外，它们还有其他广泛得用途。