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991.
碎屑沉积岩沉积作用的高精度定年——自生磷钇矿离子探针UPb年龄测定 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
沉积岩沉积作用准确时间的厘定是目前同位素年代学研究中的一大难题 ,尽管目前可采用多种方法对成岩过程中的自生矿物进行定年 ,但由于技术上的原因 ,这项研究一直发展很慢。文中详细介绍了近年来发展起来的运用高精度离子探针 (SHRIMP)技术确定自生磷钇矿形成年龄 ,进而确定沉积作用年代的新方法。如 ,澳大利亚西北部Kimberley盆地中未变质的古元古代砂岩中自生磷钇矿的SHRIMP定年将成岩作用限定在 7Ma的误差范围之内。相比之下 ,对非洲南部太古宙Witwa tersrand超群和澳大利亚西南部MountBarren群绿片岩相变质砂岩中磷钇矿的研究 ,不仅确定了所研究岩石的成岩作用时代 ,而且恢复了该区后期的复杂热演化历史。研究还表明 ,这种方法同样适用于显生宙岩石。这些实例表明 ,磷钇矿的SHRIMP定年不仅可以测定从太古宙到第四系所有年代碎屑沉积岩的沉积时代 ,而且可以实现极小尺度上的微区定年 ,从而可以研究岩石自沉积成岩以后的演化历史 ,显示这一方法在沉积作用及相关热事件问题研究上的巨大潜力。 相似文献
992.
993.
Remnants of premetamorphic fluid and oxygen isotopic signatures in eclogites and garnet clinopyroxenite from the Dabie-Sulu terranes, eastern China 总被引:17,自引:2,他引:17
A combined oxygen‐isotope and fluid‐inclusion study has been carried out on high‐ and ultrahigh‐pressure metamorphic (HP/UHPM) eclogites and garnet clinopyroxenite from the Dabie‐Sulu terranes in eastern China. Coesite‐bearing eclogites/garnet clinopyroxenite and quartz eclogites have a wide range in whole‐rock δ18OVSMOW, from 0 to 11‰. The high‐T oxygen‐isotope fractionations preserved between quartz and garnet preclude significant retrograde isotope exchange during exhumation, and the wide range in whole‐rock oxygen‐isotope composition is thought to be a presubduction signature of the precursors. Aqueous fluids with variable salinities and gas species (N2‐, CO2‐, or CH4‐rich), are trapped as primary inclusions in garnet, omphacite and epidote, and in quartz blebs enclosed within eclogitic minerals. In high‐δ18O HP/UHPM rocks from Hujialin and Shima, high‐salinity brine and/or N2 inclusions occur in garnet porphyroblasts, which also contain inclusions of coesite, Cl‐rich blue amphibole and dolomite. In contrast, in low‐δ18O eclogites from Qinglongshan and Huangzhen, the Cl concentrations in amphibole are very low, < 0.2 wt.%, and low‐salinity aqueous inclusions occur in quartz inclusions in epidote porphyroblasts and in epidote cores. These low‐salinity fluid inclusions are believed to be remnants of meteoric water, although the fluid composition was modified during pre‐ and syn‐peak HP/UHPM. Eclogites at Houshuichegou and Hetang contain CH4‐rich fluid inclusions, coexisting with high‐salinity brine inclusions. Methane was probably formed under the influence of CO2‐rich aqueous fluids during serpentinisation of mantle‐derived peridotites prior to or during plate subduction. Remnants of premetamorphic low‐ to high‐salinity aqueous fluid with minor N2 and/or other gas species preserved in the Dabie‐Sulu HP/UHPM eclogites and garnet clinopyroxenite indicate a great diversity of initial fluid composition in the precursors, implying very limited fluid–rock interaction during syn‐ and post‐peak HP/UHPM. 相似文献
994.
Tectonic Controls on the Formation of the Liwu Cu-rich Sulfide Deposit in the Jianglang Dome, S W China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Abstract. The Liwu Cu‐rich sulfide deposit occurs within the Jianglang dome in the eastern margin of the Tibetan plateau. The dome consists of a core, a middle slab and a cover sequence. The main deposit is hosted in the core with minor ore bodies in the middle slab. The protolith of the core consists of clastic sedimentary rocks with inter‐layered volcanic rocks. All of the ore bodies are substantially controlled by an extensional detachment fault system. The ore bodies within the core are distributed along the S2 foliation in the hinge of recumbent fold (D2), whereas ore bodies with en echelon arrangement are controlled by the mylonitic foliation of the lower detachment fault. Ore bodies within the middle slab are oriented with their axes parallel to the mylonitic foliation. Pyrite and pyrrhotite from the ores contain Co ranging from 37 to 1985 ppm, Ni from 2.5 to 28.1 ppm, and Co/Ni ratios from 5 to 71. These sulfides have δ34S values ranging from 1.5 to 7.5 % whereas quartz separates have δ18O values of 11.9 and 14.3 % and inclusion fluid in quartz has δD value of‐88.1 %. These features suggest that the deposit was of hydrothermal origin. Two ore‐forming stages are recognized in the evolution of the Jianglang dome. (1) A low‐temperature ore‐forming process, during the tectonic transport of the upper plate above the lower detachment, and the initial phase of the footwall updom‐ing at 192–177 Ma. (2) A medium‐temperature ore‐forming stage, related to the final structural development of the initial detachment at 131–81Ma. Within the core, the ore bodies of the first stage were uplifted to, or near, the brittle/ductile horizon where the ore‐forming metals were re‐concentrated and enriched. A denudation stage in which a compressional tectonic event produced eastward thrusting overprinted the previous structures, and finally denuded the deposit. The Liwu Cu‐rich sulfide deposit was formed during a regional extensional tectonic event and is defined as a tectono‐strata‐bound hydrothermal ore deposit. 相似文献
995.
Quaternary folding of the eastern Tian Shan, northwest China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Bihong Fu Aiming Lin Ken-ichi Kano Tadashi Maruyama Jianming Guo 《Tectonophysics》2003,369(1-2):79-101
The Tian Shan, east–west trending more than 2000 km, is one of most active intracontinental mountain building belts that resulted from India–Eurasia collision during Cenozoic. In this study, Quaternary folding related to intracontinental mountain building of the Tian Shan orogenic belt is documented based on geologic interpretation and analyses of the satellite remote sensing images [Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM)/Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) and India Remote Sensing (IRS) Pan] combined with field geologic and geomorphic observations and seismic reflection profiles. Analyses of spatial–temporal features of Quaternary folded structure indicate that the early Quaternary folds are widely distributed in both piedmont and intermontane basins, whereas the late Quaternary active folds are mainly concentrated on the northern range-fronts. Field observations indicate that Quaternary folds are mainly characterized by fault-related folding. The formation and migration of Quaternary folding are likely related to decollement surfaces beneath the fold-and-fault zone as revealed by seismic reflection profiles. Moreover, analysis of growth strata indicates that the Quaternary folding began in late stage of early Pleistocene (2.1–1.2 Ma). Finally, tectonic evolution model of the Quaternary deformation in the Tian Shan is presented. This model shows that the Quaternary folding and faulting gradually migrate toward the range-fronts due to the continuous compression related to India–Eurasia collision during Quaternary time. As a result, the high topographic relief of the Tian Shan was formed. 相似文献
996.
997.
Two solar radio bursts exhibiting narrow-band millisecond pulsations in intensity and polarization are analyzed. There were considerable time delays between the left-and right-circularly polarized components of the radio emission. The observed oscillations of the degree of polarization are due to the different group velocities of the ordinary and extraordinary modes in their propagation from the source to the observer; the frequency dependence of the delay is in excellent agreement with the theoretically calculated group delay in a magnetoactive plasma. It unambiguously follows that the pulsed radio emission is generated near the double upper hybrid frequency by the nonlinear plasma mechanism, since the source emission has a low degree of polarization. In addition to dispersion effects, a Fourier analysis also reveals effects associated with the source inhomogeneity. We detected a frequency drift of pulsations (autodelays) with different signs for different polarization components. This drift suggests that, apart from the dispersion effects, there are also the effects related to inhomogeneity of the radio source. It is shown, in particular, that the upper hybrid modes (generating the radio emission) are unstable in regions with enhanced gradients of the plasma density and/or magnetic field. 相似文献
998.
改进的遗传算法在地下水数值模拟中的应用 总被引:10,自引:3,他引:10
地下水流数值模拟中的模型识别问题,可以转化为函数的最优化问题。鉴于遗传算法的特点,将之引入到地下水流数值法中,用以解决地下水数学模型的识别问题。在建立地下水数值模拟中模型识别问题的是优化模型后,采取将最优化模型中的目标函数嵌入到遗传算法适应度函数中的方法,实现遗传算法与地下水流数值法的耦合。基于优化模型和遗传算法的运算过程,编写计算程序,实现地下水数学模型的自动识别。根据在珲春盆地地下水资源评价实例中应用得到的结果,信纸证了改进的遗传算法在地下水数值模拟中应用的可行性与有效性。 相似文献
999.
1000.