全国地层委员会章程

第一条　宗　旨为了适应国民经济建设和地质科学发展的需要，推动中国地层工作和地层学的健康发展，更好地发挥全国地层委员会（以下简称全委会）的作用，特制定本章程。第二条　性质与任务全国地层委员会是国家地矿主管部门——国土资源部领导下的全国性学术协调组织。其任务是：1.讨论制定地层工作和地层学研究的基本任务和发展方向；协调地层工作发展规划。2.组织起草、修订《中国地层指南》；负责全国地层单位名称的管理。3.组织交流地层工作的成果和经验，开展国内外学术交流；组织、协调有关重大的地层科学技术问题的解决；编辑出版《…     

La rétromorphose du talc dans les dolomies métallifères de Boukdema (Algérie); discussion du rôle des fluides

Résumé Les échantillons étudiés proviennent du gîte stratiforme de Boukdema (Algérie), où l'on observe notamment l'association dolomite-quartz-talcsphalérite. L'étude des inclusions fluides primaires des quartz contemporains, selon toute vraisemblance, de la dissolution partielle du talc, montre que ceux-ci se sont développés dans des solutions de salinités très variables (entre 4 et 28% en équivalent pondéral NaCl). L'hypothèse d'une ébullition des solutions (par suite d'une chute brutale de pression) rend compte de ce fait inhabituel. Dans le cadre d'un tel modèle, les corrections dues à la pression sont nulles et l'on peut en déduire à partir des mesures de températures d'homogénéïsation que la croissance du quartz s'est amorcée vers 250 °C. Compte tenu de cette indication thermométrique, on discute enfin du rôle relatif des facteurs physiques et chimiques (T, f_{CO 2}, a_Mg/a_Ca) sur la stabilité du talc dans le contexte minéralogique du gîte de Boukdema.

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The samples studied were collected in the Boukdema stratabound deposit (Algeria), where the association dolomite-quartz-talc-sphalerite occurs. Cryoscopic investigations of fluid inclusions in quartz indicate a wide salinity range in mineral forming fluids (4 to 28 weight % NaCl eq). Boiling of hydrothermal fluids possibly explains this unusual characteristic. In this hypothesis thermometric data need no pressure corrections and one may conclude that quartz growth (and simultaneously talc dissolution) occurred in the 250°–200 °C range. On the basis of this last indication, the relative role of T, f_{CO 2}, a_Mg/a_Ca, on talc stability is discussed in the mineralogical environment of Boukdema.

     

Establishment and data processing of high-precision city subsidence monitoring network by GPS surveying instead of leveling

The feasibility of monitoring the change of city settlement using GPS surveying instead of leveling is studied. A fiducial network and a monitoring network are established in Ningbo city. Two periods of GPS observation are completed. Some measures are taken during the observation in order to ensure to obtain the high-precise height component. The Saastamoinen model is adopted in the data processing of the dry component part of the tropospheric delay. The wet component change of the tropospheric delay is estimated by stochastic processes model. When Bernese software is used to process the data, the millimeter level precision of height measuring is achieved.     

Rapid texture mapping from image sequences for building geometry model

An effective approach,mapping the texture for building model based on the digital photogrammetric theory, is proposed. The easily-ac-quired image sequences from digital video camera on helicopter are used as texture resource, and the correspon-dence between the space edge in build-ing geometry model and its line feature in image sequences is determined semi-automatically. The experimental re-sults in production of three-dimension-al data for car navigation show us an attractive future both in efficiency and effect.     

西部地震资料主要处理技术研究

西部地区地表情况多样,资料品质较差,多属低信噪比资料。这对类资料,静校正叠前去噪及速度分析等技术是非常重要的基础工作。针对西部地区不同的资料采用相应的静校正方式,在叠前去噪方面,就FK域倾角滤波方法的应用上进行了改进,克服了该方法一些“蚯蚓化”、“假构造”等弊端,总结出一套切实可行的尤其是用于西部资料的去噪方法。并针对多次波的特点,采用时间域,频率域及τp域等多种方式进行多次压制,在西部资料的处理中取得了较好的效果。     

在线液—液萃取微型万用分相器的设计和应用：Ⅱ.流动注射溶剂萃取分光？…

设计了一种实用的玻璃重力分相器及相应的萃取流系统,用于在一萃取分光光度测定微量碘,萃取时Ｕ水：Ｕ有机＝３０：１,线性范围在０－３．００ｍｇ／ＬＩ＾－效果良好。     

Hydrothermal history of Piton des Neiges volcano (Reunion Island, Indian Ocean)

The Piton des Neiges volcano on Reunion Island represents a unique example of an oceanic volcano where the extreme development of amphitheatre-headed valley erosion has led to the formation of three large cirques. They are so large that the island's volcano-structural and petrological history can be traced from its emergence to the latest stages of its sub-aerial evolution (> 2.1 m.y. to 22,000 years ago).The various magmatic series of the Piton des Neiges are, moreover, abundantly invaded by hydrothermal mineralization. It is this post-magmatic feature, represented by the hydrothermal alteration of the series, which is examined here.Mineralogical studies (X-ray, microprobe, scanning electron microscope) reveal a large number of hydrothermal species. Of these, zeolites are the most common and five are described here for the first time in Reunion (gonnardite, levynite, erionite, garronite, herschelite).Six hydrothermal facies characteristic of weak metamorphism are defined: chabazitephillipsite, natrolite-thomsonite, analcime-thomsonite, laumontite-thomsonite, albiteprehnite and prehnite-pumpellyite. The paleo-temperatures covered by these facies range from 0 to 380°C.On the basis of these data and supporting field observations, three main hydrothermal phases were determined and fitted into the known chronostratigraphy. These three phases have succeeded one another over the last two million years in the Piton des Neiges massif. The extent and mineralogical facies of each phase can be related to the volcanotectonic structures. This sequence has been directly linked to the geological evolution of the massif. The progressive restriction with time of the hydrothermal manifestations to the present Piton des Neiges occurred alongside the focusing of volcanism centralized on this same relief. An attempt is made to reconstruct the island's hydrothermal history.     

Nitrogen isotopic composition of macromolecular organic matter in interplanetary dust particles

Nitrogen concentrations and isotopic compositions were measured by ion microprobe scanning imaging in two interplanetary dust particles L2021 K1 and L2036 E22, in which imaging of D/H and C/H ratios has previously evidenced the presence of D-rich macromolecular organic components. High nitrogen concentrations of 10-20 wt% and δ¹⁵N values up to +400‰ are observed in these D-rich macromolecular components. The previous study of D/H and C/H ratios has revealed three different D-rich macromolecular phases. The one previously ascribed to macromolecular organic matter akin the insoluble organic matter (IOM) from carbonaceous chondrites is enriched in nitrogen by one order of magnitude compared to the carbonaceous chondrite IOM, although its isotopic composition is still similar to what is known from Renazzo (δ¹⁵N = +208‰).The correlation observed in macromolecular organic material between the D- and ¹⁵N-excesses suggests that the latter originate probably from chemical reactions typical of the cold interstellar medium. These interstellar materials preserved to some extent in IDPs are therefore macromolecular organic components with various aliphaticity and aromaticity. They are heavily N-heterosubstituted as shown by their high nitrogen concentrations >10 wt%. They have high D/H ratios >10⁻³ and δ¹⁵N values ≥ +400‰. In L2021 K1 a mixture is observed at the micron scale between interstellar and chondritic-like organic phases. This indicates that some IDPs contain organic materials processed at various heliocentric distances in a turbulent nebula. Comparison with observation in comets suggests that these molecules may be cometary macromolecules. A correlation is observed between the D/H ratios and δ¹⁵N values of macromolecular organic matter from IDPs, meteorites, the Earth and of major nebular reservoirs. This suggests that most macromolecular organic matter in the inner solar system was probably issued from interstellar precursors and further processed in the protosolar nebula.     

Combining IR and X‐ray microtomography data sets: Application to Itokawa particles and to Paris meteorite

In the near future, a new generation of sample return missions (Hayabusa2, OSIRIS‐REx, MMX, etc.) will collect samples from small solar system bodies. To maximize the scientific outcome of laboratory studies and minimize the loss of precious extraterrestrial samples, an analytical sequence from less destructive to more destructive techniques needs to be established. In this work, we present a combined X‐ray and IR microtomography applied to five Itokawa particles and one fragment of the primitive carbonaceous chondrite Paris. We show that this analytical approach is able to provide a 3‐D physical and chemical characterization of individual extraterrestrial particles, using the measurement of their 3‐D structure and porosity, and the detection of mineral and organic phases, and their spatial co‐localization in 3‐D. We propose these techniques as an efficient first step in a multitechnique analytical sequence on microscopic samples collected by space missions.