Geological characteristics and favorable areas prediction of shale gas in Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Zheng’an area of Northern Guizhou

In order to determine the shale gas geological characteristics of Wufeng Formation in upper Ordovician and Longmaxi Formation in Lower Silurian of Zheng'an area in Northern Guizhou, the authors used geology survey,gravity,magnetic,two dimensional seismic,geological well and test analysis methods to carry out 1:50000 shale gas basic geology survey. The distribution, depositional environment, organic geochemical, mineral composition, reservoir properties and hydrocarbon content and other characteristics of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation rich organic shale were obtained. The results show that the rich organic shale belongs to deep water continental shelf facies, mainly distributed in Anchang, Banzhu and Nigao syncline, with a thickness of 14.5-55 m and burial depth of 0-3 200 m. The TOC content is between 1.0% and 4.0%, and the vitrinite reflectance (R_o) is between 1.82% and 2.23%, with the organic matter type mainly I kerogen. The rocks are mainly composed of quartz, feldspar and clay minerals. The brittle mineral content is high, generally more than 50%. The porosity is generally between 2.03% and 3.89%,and the permeability is generally between 0.35×10^-5 μm² and 1.86×10^-5 μm², showing the characteristics of low porosity and low permeability. The highest gas content is 2.88m³/t, showing good gas content characteristics. Three favorable target areas for the shale gas in Zheng’an area were identified through comprehensive analysis and evaluation optimization, that is Anchang,Banzhu and Nigao block respectively, which provides exploration direction for shale gas exploration and development in the study area.     

（古）盐度研究的一种重要工具——锶同位素

本文详细地阐述了海水－陆表水双元体系中锶同位素的混合原理、混合水体中＾８７Ｓｒ／＾８６Ｓｒ值与盐度的定量关系。利用Ｓｒ同位素不随生物、何尝作用过程发生分馏作用及Ｓｒ与Ｃａ化学性质相似等特征,地层、沉积物中生物壳体和碳酸盐岩＾８７Ｓｒ／＾８６Ｓｒ值可作为沉积水体（古）盐度确定的一种有用工具。文中详细地综述了国内外在这方面的研究进展,并讨论了成岩后生作用对生物壳体和碳酸盐岩＾８７Ｓｒ／＾８６Ｓｒ原始值     

碳酸盐岩风化壳岩-土界面地球化学特征及其形成过程--以贵州花溪灰岩风化壳剖面为例

在对黔中花溪灰岩风化壳原地风化残积特征进行了论证的基础上，本文从地球化学角度对央酸盐岩风化壳岩-土界面发育特征及其形成机理进行了讨论。碳酸盐岩的易溶解性和显著的差异性溶蚀，导致了其风化壳基岩面起伏强烈、岩-土界面界线清楚且突变；与此宏观特征相对应的是风化产物的矿物成分、主量、微量元素等方面均存在明显的突变现象。同时，在岩-土界面土层中形成了一个相对狭窄而突变的碱性障，此障无疑对风化壳的一些地质地球化学过程产生强烈影响，例如硅酸盐矿物的进一步蚀变分解，以及稀土和其它部分微量元素的超常富集和强烈分异等。     

右江盆地西北缘安然背斜东段奥伦尼克期牙形石生物地层研究及地质意义

罗楼组上部灰岩段是右江盆地西北缘奥伦尼克期海生爬行动物化石的唯一赋存层位,生物地层研究精度较低。本文以安然背斜东段敢南、者堡一带罗楼组为研究对象,通过剖面测制,对该组上部灰岩段进行系统的牙形石生物地层研究。结果显示,敢南一带罗楼组上部可识别出5个牙形石带,者堡一带罗楼组上部可识别出3个牙形石带。根据两条剖面牙形石生物地层对比,认为右江盆地西北缘奥伦尼克期包含5个牙形石带,自下而上依次为:Neospathodus pakistanensis带、Novispathodus waageni带、Neospathodus crassatus带、Icriospathodus collinsoni带以及Triassospathodus homeri-Tr.symmetricus组合带。区内早三叠世海生爬行动物主要产于Triassospathodus homeri-Tr.symmetricus组合带。该研究结果为罗楼组上部灰岩段海生爬行动物群时代的限定提供可靠的生物依据,并为进行奥伦尼克期海生爬行动物群产出层位的精细对比提供佐证。