Feasibility and acceptability study of rainwater use to the acute water shortage areas in Dhaka City,Bangladesh

This study explored the feasibility and acceptability of harvested rainwater in rural communities of Bangladesh as well as densely populated City like Dhaka, using simple and low-cost technology. As a part of this study, a field survey was conducted in the water-scarce Dhaka City. Four slums were selected for conducting questionnaire survey. A questionnaire was furnished to know some information such as the socio-economic condition for those slum dwellers and family information, housing condition, sanitation condition, health condition, economic condition, existing water supply condition, knowledge about rainwater, willingness to accept rainwater, etc. Two hundred people from different representative groups were selected randomly. Yield after spillage and yield before spillage models were developed to know the actual rainwater availability and storage conditions, which were used to justify the effective tank size. Cost-benefit analysis and feasibility analysis were performed using the survey results and the research findings. A sensitivity analysis was performed to check the important parameters toward the implementation of the system as well. The results showed that cost was the most sensitive parameter (48.1%), the second highest sensitive parameter was roof area (25.9%) and the lowest sensitive parameter was demand (2.2%). The study showed that the low-cost rainwater harvesting technique was feasible and acceptable to the slum dwellers as the only potential alternative source of safe drinking water.     

The knowledge expression on debris flow potential analysis through PCA + LDA and rough sets theory: a case study of Chen-Yu-Lan watershed,Nantou, Taiwan

Debris flow is often performed through identifying and analyzing the soil condition, hydraulic, geomorphological factors and vegetation conditions. In the present study, a spatial information analysis system is combined with a linear statistical method (principle components analysis with linear discriminant analysis, PCA + LDA) and an advanced data mining technique (discrete rough sets, DRS) to investigate the debris flow occurrence based on geomorphological and vegetation conditions factors. The analyzed data sources include (1) digital elevation model: to investigate the variation in the landscape, and (2) remote sensing data: to analyze the vegetation and plant conditions on the ground surface. The objective of this research is to define a method with the ability to forecast the level of debris flow susceptibility through the parallel study of statistical outcomes (PCA + LDA) and data mining results (DRS). The outcomes from PCA + LDA are inadequate due to the thresholds of the influenced variables not being examined. In this study, the DRS approach not only showed satisfactory results for the thresholds of influenced variables in the study area, but also the occurrence rules of debris flow are generated. Finally, the results show superior classification accuracy (70.8% for debris flow occurrence) for the DRS method over those of PCA + LDA analysis (54.2% for debris flow occurrence) for the analysis of debris flow occurrence. Therefore, this is an encouraging preliminary approach in the hazard assessment of debris flow.     

长心卡帕藻（Kappaphycus alvarezii）表达序列标记分析

分别采用BlastX和Blast2go软件对453条非冗余的长心卡帕藻EST序列进行匹配分析和GO注释。结果表明,有281条序列与蛋白数据库中序列匹配,有132条序列被归属为3个子本体：分子功能、生物学过程和细胞组成。同时筛选到24个与逆境适应相关的基因,包括应对胁迫反应和抗氧化反应的基因。采用GCUA软件,进行长心卡...     

Stokes parameters for thomson scattering in a cold magnetized plasma

The effect of a strong magnetic field on neutron stars or white dwarfs is calculated for Thomson scattering in a fully ionized collisionless plasma. The Stokes parameters for the scattered radiation are computed explicitly in terms of the state of polarization of the incident wave, the electron-cyclotron frequency, the plasma frequency, the angle of incidence, and the angle of scattering. The effects of the plasma are very insensitive to specific values of ( = ₂ ^p /²,_p denotes the electron plasma frequency) so long as 1, whereas the criterion for the magnetic field to substantially affect the Stokes parameters is that the photon frequency be less than the electron-cyclotron frequency. The effects of classical radiation damping and natural line broadening are briefly mentioned.     

利用自记忆模式试报我国汛期降水

基于大气运动是一种不可逆过程的观点，引进了记忆过去时次资料的记忆函数。进一步阐明了大气运动的自记忆概念，导出了大气运动的自记忆性方程。基于自记忆原理，从大气热力学方程和水分平衡方程出发，建立了一个用于短期降水预报的数学模式。对6－8月我国汛期降水预测作了12年的回报试验，结果表明该模式的预测评分比目前的月预报有很大提高。     

500hPa月平均距平场演变的宏观描述

近年来,采用数值方法进行长期预报和气候异常的研究有了很大的进展,但是这些研究多是沿用了中短期预报的概念和方法,由于长期天气系统是一个强迫耗散的非线性系统,而“耗散系统最终将趋向维数比原始相空间低的极限集合——吸引子,许多自由度在演变过程中成为‘无关变量’,最终剩下支撑起吸引子的少数自由度”。如果不考虑系统的极其复杂的暂态行为,我们自然可以把这些‘无关变量’去掉,从而把高维动力系统简化成低维动力系统。这个解释H.Haken称做随动原理。本文的目的旨在应用上述原理探讨长期天气异常演变的宏观描述方法。我们希望这里提出的概念和方法将有助于建立有效的长期数值预报模式。     

飞仙关组紫色页岩作为矿质肥源的试验

四川盆地下三叠统飞仙关组(T_1f)紫色页岩,富含有机质、磷和多种微量元素T_1f紫色母质添加到两类基础肥力较低的紫色母质和黄壤内,种植稻麦试验后对照结果表明T_1f紫色页岩肥效显著,因此它是一种矿质肥源。     

不同地形和下垫面对冬季地中海气旋发展影响的数值模拟

通过数值模拟方法对一个冬季地中海气旋发生和发展的可能机制进行了研究。控制试验和对比试验结果指出，阿尔卑期山背风坡是气旋的有利生成地；但阿尔卑斯山和阿特拉斯山的存在与否，对冬季地中海气旋发展的影响不大。下垫面替代试验结果指出，冬季地中海作为一个非绝热加热源，对其气旋的发展有着十分重要的作用当以陆面或沙漠代替地中海面时，则气旋的发展显著减弱。地形替代试验结果指出，当青藏高原移到地中海西部，并且二者配合     

西太平洋副热带高压脊线位置季节变化的实况分析和理论模拟

副高特征量的长期预报问题历来为我国气象工作者所关注。以往就此作了大量的研究工作。通常,副高脊线位置是直接从天气图上读得的,这不便于进行数值分析和理论模拟。为此将500 hPa高度场按二维傅氏级数展开来确定西太平洋副高脊线位置。为了使理论模式不过于复杂而且便于将波谱资料分析结果和理论模拟结果进行比较,对波谱资料分析时所取的项数和理论模式中所取项数相对应。设500 hPa高度场可表示为     

Climate change projections over three metropolitan regions in Southeast Brazil using the non-hydrostatic Eta regional climate model at 5-km resolution

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - The objective of this work is to assess changes in three metropolitan regions of Southeast Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Santos) based on the...