探讨建立基于Web的中国南极环境评估系统

本文根据“马德里协议”与ATCM通过的其他相关议案对南极环境管理、监测和环境影响评估的要求,在系统研究澳大利亚南极局自2003年起运行的南极环境评估系统[1]的基础上,探讨如何建立中国南极环境评估系统(Ch inese Antarctic Environm entEvaluation System,CAEES)。该系统在设计中将结合中国南极考察活动的特点、规模、发展战略以及环境保护要求,涵盖一系列静态或动态的南极环境要素数据,同时综合相关学科专家的评估意见。该系统拟采取基于W eb的数据库技术来实现南极环境的实时动态评估以及中国南极环境状况报告(Ch inese Ant-arctic Environm ental Report,CAER)的自动生成。     

江汉平原古生界构造结构特征及油气勘探方向

江汉平原古生界具有北西—南东向分为三块、北东—南西向分为三带及纵向上多层楼的构造结构特征。三个区块为当阳—京山构造区、荆州—仙桃构造区及鄂城—大冶构造区,每个区块均可划分出三个次级构造带,并在全区形成三个构造变形分带。这三个分带在变形强度、构造样式等方面具有特征性差异:北东侧的构造分带受东秦岭—大别山造山运动产生的挤压应力的直接作用,显示以逆冲推覆结构为主要特征;南西侧的构造分带在三个构造区有差别,在当阳—京山构造区形成斜坡稳定带,在另两个构造区则以推覆叠瓦构造为特征;中部构造分带一般显示前缘断褶或复合叠加构造。当阳—京山构造区东部和鄂城—大冶构造区应以逆冲推覆体为勘探对象;荆州—仙桃构造区的仙桃地区应以上古生界油气藏为勘探目标;当阳—京山构造区西部宜昌稳定带和荆州—仙桃构造区的珂理—簰洲地区则应以下古生界油气藏为勘探目标。     

寒武系烃源古油藏油裂解气特征及成藏条件

在寒武系为母源的气藏中,普遍存在的固体沥青、25-降藿烷、氮气等三种物质,实际是古油藏残余油裂解的产物。25-降藿烷一般与氧化—降解油有关,氮气来自油藏水洗时溶入的大气,二者共同反映古油藏经历的抬升破坏作用。寒武系烃源一般经历过两次成藏:加里东—海西期形成“油藏”,燕山—喜马拉雅期裂解为“气藏”。寒武系油裂解气成藏的地质条件是:古构造聚油、后期改造适度、叠合盆地增熟、断层作为油气运移通道等。围绕加里东—海西期古油藏寻找原生、次生油裂解气是今后寻找寒武系来源油气的重要途径。     

大型海藻对富营养化海水养殖区的生物修复

随着海水养殖的快速发展,养殖水体的自身污染和富营养化已成为严重的环境问题。作为生物滤器的大型海藻可以有效地吸收、利用养殖环境中多余的氮、磷等营养物质,从而减轻养殖废水对环境的影响,并提高养殖系统的经济输出,被广泛应用于鱼、虾和贝类等的综合养殖系统中,对富营养化海水养殖区进行生物修复。文章概述了大型海藻对富营养化海水养殖区进行生物修复的原因、原理、优点、研究进展以及应用大型海藻产生的效益和需要注意的问题。并指出在富营养化海水养殖区养殖大型海藻进行生物修复的方法可以实现海水养殖业的可持续发展。     

壳聚糖在药物缓释中的研究进展

壳聚糖也称甲壳胺或几丁聚糖壳聚糖,是一种天然聚阳离子碱性多糖,其化学名称为(1,4)-2-氨基-2-脱氧-β-D-葡聚糖,是甲壳素脱乙酰基的产物,而甲壳素是虾、蟹等甲壳动物外壳的主要成分,广泛存在于自然界。壳聚糖具有很好的生物相容性和生物可降解性,且其降解产物对人体健康无害,近年来在药物制剂中的应用越来越广泛,作者就壳聚糖在药物缓释、控释中的应用研究进展作一综述。1壳聚糖的药理作用1.1壳聚糖的药理特性壳聚糖及其衍生物是来源于海洋的天然高分子化合物,是天然的动物性食物纤维,是自然界存在的惟一一种碱性多糖,壳聚糖的基本结构单…     

细菌胞外多糖的研究进展

多糖在自然界高等植物、藻类、细菌及动物体内均有存在,分布极广。通常植物和藻类来源的多糖较为普遍,但近些年来,微生物来源的多糖越来越引起人们的广泛注意。尤其是细菌和真菌的胞外多糖,因其易于分离纯化而且产量高等优点在工业生产中颇受人们青睐。     

The Mg Ⅱ absorption line systems in quasar spectra from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope

Making use of quasar spectra from LAMOST,in the spectral data around the Mg Ⅱ emission lines,research described in this paper has detected 217 Mg Ⅱ narrow absorption lines(NALs) with W_r ~(λ2796)≥3σ_w and W_r~(λ2803)≥ 2σ_w in a redshift range of 0.4554≤z_(abs)≤2.1110.For quasars observed by both LAMOST and SDSS,we find that 135 Mg Ⅱ NALs were obviously observed in the LAMOST spectra,347 Mg Ⅱ NALs were were apparent in the SDSS spectra,and 132 Mg Ⅱ NALs were clearly present in both the SDSS and LAMOST spectra.The missed Mg Ⅱ NALs are likely ascribed to low signal-to-noise ratios of corresponding spectra.Among the Mg 11 NALs obviously observed in SDSS or LAMOST spectra,eight Mg 11 NALs were significantly changed with |ΔW_r ~(λ2796)|≥3σ_w in time intervals of ΔMJD/(1+z_(em))=359-2819 d.     

绿潮迁移过程中环境要素与浒苔藻体生物学特征的相关性分析

浒苔(Ulva prolifera)引起的大规模绿潮起源于黄海南部,在向北迁移过程中生物量迅速扩增,在海州湾附近(35°N左右)迅速增加达到峰值.在绿潮漂浮迁移过程中,海水表层温度、溶解无机氮(dissolved inorganic nitrogen,DIN)和磷酸盐(PO43--P)变化显著.本文以迁移过程中的浒苔为...     

Trace metals in seawater and copepods in the ocean outfall area off the northern Taiwan coast

The distribution, partitioning and concentrations of trace metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) in seawater, including dissolved and particulate phases, and in copepods in the ocean outfall area off the northern coast of Taiwan were investigated. Normalization of metal concentrations to the background metal concentration to yield relative enrichment factors (EF), which were used to evaluate the contamination of dissolved and particulate trace metals in seawater around the ocean outfall. The EF results indicated that the outfall area was significantly contaminated by dissolved Fe and Zn, and by particulate Fe, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn. In addition, most trace metals were chiefly in the particulate phase. The average percentage of total metal concentrations (dissolved plus particulate phases) bound by suspended particulate matter followed the sequence Al(95%) = Mn(95%) > Pb(88%) > Cu(86%) > Fe(72%) > Zn(32%) > Cr(17.5%) > Cd(3.4%). Therefore, metal contamination is better evaluated in solid phase than in the dissolved phase. The concentration ranges of trace metals in the copepods, Temora turbinata, Oncaea venusta and Euchaeta rimana, near the outfall were: Cd, 0.23-1.81 microg g(-1); Cr, 16.5-195 microg g(-1); Cu, 14-160 microg g(-1); Fe, 256-7255 microg g(-1); Mn, 5.5-80.8 microg g(-1); Pb, 2.6-56.2 microg g(-1); Zn, 132-3891 microg g(-1); and Al, 0.21-1.13%. Aluminum, and probably Fe, seemed to be the major elements in copepods. The concentrations of trace metals in copepods, especially Temora turbinata, near the outfall were generally higher than those obtained in the background station. The mean increase in bioconcentration factor of metals in copepods ranged from 4 to 7 and followed the sequence Al(6.4) > Cu(6.2) > Fe(6.0) > Zn(5.7) > Pb(5.6) > Cr(5.5) > Cd(5.1) > Mn(4.7). Therefore, marine copepods in the waters of northern Taiwan can accumulate trace metals over background concentrations and act as contamination indicators.     

全球大震和中国及邻区中强震地震活动 (2006年2-3月)

本目录中的地震参数来自"中国地震台站观测报告"(简称"月报").其中,国内及邻区给出M≥4.7的事件,全球给出M≥6的事件."月报"由中国地震台网中心按月做出.