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71.
基于多源数据的新疆人居环境质量评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对区域人居环境质量缺乏从自然和人文因子组合综合评价分析的现状,利用遥感影像、站点监测、交通网络等多源数据,获取与人居环境质量密切相关的自然和人文因素共17个影响因子。应用熵权法、GIS空间分析及现代大数据等方法,定量研究新疆人居环境质量综合评价指数的空间分异及其与经济、人口分布的协调性关系。结果表明:① 新疆自然环境本底受水资源及植被覆盖情况影响较大,自然环境本底评价指数高值区域的空间分布特征与绿洲分散分布的特点具有极大的相似性,县域尺度的高质量区聚集分布在天山北坡的伊犁河谷等地,低质量区和一般质量区大面积集中连片地分布在新疆南部和东部。② 人文环境受交通通达程度及基础支撑完善度影响较大,地级市、县级市优于其他县级地区,人文环境质量基本呈现以各地级市、县级市为中心向外辐射递减的空间分异规律。③ 人居环境质量综合评价指数空间分异显著,呈现出以乌鲁木齐、昌吉市等点为中心的局部圈层式递减的空间分异规律。木垒?皮山分界线东南部与西北部人居环境质量的平均水平相差悬殊。④ 整体人居环境质量水平较低,人口分布与人居环境质量综合评价指数空间分布的匹配度不足,一般质量区和低质量区的县域土地面积占比高达84.90%,分布了47.74%的人口,低质量区仍有较大的提升潜力。⑤ GDP水平与人居环境质量保持较高的匹配性,环境经济协调型县市数量较少,环境经济滞后型县市数量最多,经济发展与人居环境相互掣肘,制约着新疆的可持续性发展。 相似文献
72.
运用交互胁迫、耦合协调模型,结合主观均方差分析法和客观结构熵值法确定指标权重,通过建立指标体系研究2000-2014年浙江省生态环境和城市化的交互胁迫关系和协调类型.结果表明:浙江省生态环境和城市化之间存在交互胁迫关系,演变状态符合双指数函数;前者对后者有显著的约束作用,后者对前者有显著的胁迫作用.对城市化综合水平影响程度大小依次为经济、社会与人口城市化,对生态环境综合水平影响程度大小依次为生态环境压力、状态与响应.2000-2014年浙江省综合协调耦合类型分为磨合协调阶段(2000-2003年)、基本协调阶段(2003-2005年)、拮抗协调阶段(2005-2010年)和良好协调阶段(2010-2014)4个阶段. 相似文献
73.
???????GPS????????????????????λ?????????????????о??????????????????С????α??????????????????????仯???????????繤?????????????????????????????????????????????????£??????????????????????????????????????仯??????????????λ????????????????????????????????е????????????С???????????????????С?????α?????й?????????????????????????????????????????й??????????С?????α????????????С????????????????????????????????????????????2006??2009??????????????????????????????????????????????????С???,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????仯??????????????????????????? 相似文献
74.
75.
Cheng San Zhang Zhi-Yong Zhou Feng Li Man Chen Hui Shi Fu-Sheng Huang Lin-Pin Li Yong 《应用地球物理》2021,(3):375-385
A three-dimensional (3D) step-by-step inversion strategy for audio magnetotellurics(AMT) is investigated in this study.The objective function is minimized by it... 相似文献
76.
Silicon limitation on primary production and its destiny in Jiaozhou Bay, China——Ⅳ:Study on cross-bay transect from estuary to ocean 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The authors analyzed the data collected in the Ecological Station Jiaozhou Bay from May 1991 to November 1994, including 12
seasonal investigations, to determine the characteristics, dynamic cycles and variation trends of the silicate in the bay.
The results indicated that the rivers around Jiaozhou Bay provided abundant supply of silicate to the bay. The silicate concentration
there depended on river flow variation. The horizontal variation of silicate concentration on the transect showed that the
silicate concentration decreased with distance from shorelines. The vertical variation of it showed that silicate sank and
deposited on the sea bottom by phytoplankton uptake and death, and zooplankton excretion. In this way, silicon would endlessly
be transferred from terrestrial sources to the sea bottom. The silicon took up by phytoplankton and by other biogeochemical
processes led to insufficient silicon supply for phytoplankton growth. In this paper, a 2D dynamic model of river flow versus
silicate concentration was established by which silicate concentrations of 0.028–0.062 μmol/L in seawater was yielded by inputting
certain seasonal unit river flows (m3/s), or in other words, the silicate supply rate; and when the unit river flow was set to zero, meaning no river input, the
silicate concentrations were between 0.05–0.69 μmol/L in the bay. In terms of the silicate supply rate, Jiaozhou Bay was divided
into three parts. The division shows a given river flow could generate several different silicon levels in corresponding regions,
so as to the silicon-limitation levels to the phytoplankton in these regions. Another dynamic model of river flow versus primary
production was set up by which the phytoplankton primary production of 5.21–15.55 (mgC/m2·d)/(m3/s) were obtained in our case at unit river flow values via silicate concentration or primary production conversion rate.
Similarly, the values of primary production of 121.98–195.33 (mgC/m2·d) were achieved at zero unit river flow condition. A primary production conversion rate reflects the sensitivity to silicon
depletion so as to different phytoplankton primary production and silicon requirements by different phytoplankton assemblages
in different marine areas. In addition, the authors differentiated two equations (Eqs. 1 and 2) in the models to obtain the
river flow variation that determines the silicate concentration variation, and in turn, the variation of primary production.
These results proved further that nutrient silicon is a limiting factor for phytoplankton growth.
This study was funded by NSFC (No. 40036010), and the Director's Fund of the Beihai Sea Monitoring Center, the State Oceanic
Administration. 相似文献
77.
CHEN Meixiang) ZUO Juncheng) LI Peiliang) DU Ling) and LI Lei)) Oceanography Department Ocean University of China Qingdao P. R. China ) Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster Defence Ministry of Education Hohai University Nanjing P. R. China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(2):117-124
Based on a ship survey during January 1998, the characteristics of the flow, the thermohaline properties and the volume transport of the Arabian Sea are discussed. A strong westward flow exists between 10.5?N and 11?N, part of which turns to the south as the Somali current near the coast at about 10?N and the rest turns north. At the passage between the African continent and the So- cotra Island, the northern branch separates into two flows: the left one enters the passage and the right one flows eastward along the southern slope of the island. Off the island the flow separates once more, most of it meandering northeast and a small fraction flow- ing southeast. Volume transport calculation suggests that the tidal transport is one or two orders of magnitude smaller than the total transport in this region and it becomes more important near the coast. The average velocity of the flow in the upper layer (0-150 m) is about 20 cm s-1, with a maximum of 53 cm s-1 appearing east of the Socotra Island, and the subsurface layer (200-800 m) has an aver- age velocity of 8.6 cm s-1; the velocity becomes smaller at greater depths. The depth of the seasonal thermocline is about 100 m, above which there is a layer with well mixed temperature and dissolved oxygen. High-salinity and oxygen-rich water appears near the surface of the northern Arabian Sea; a salinity maximum and oxygen minimum at 100 m depth along 8?N testifies the subduction of surface water from the northern Arabian Sea. Waters from the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf also influence the salinity of the area. 相似文献
78.
Fish assemblage structure in the hypoxic zone in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) estuary and its adjacent waters were analyzed
based on data from bottom trawl surveys conducted on the R/V Beidou in June, August and October 2006. Four fish assemblages were identified in each survey using two-way indicator species analysis
(TWIA). High fish biomass was found in the northern part, central part and coastal waters of the survey area; in contrast,
high fish diversity was found in the southern part of the survey area and the Changjiang estuary outer waters. Therefore,
it is difficult to maintain high fishery production when high fish diversity is evenly distributed in the fish community.
Fish became smaller and fish size spectra tended to be narrower because of fish species variations and differences in growth
characteristics. Fish diversity increased, the age to maturity was reduced and some migrant species were not collected in
the surveys. Fish with low economic value, small size, simple age structure and low tropic level were predominant in fish
assemblages in the Changjiang estuary and its adjacent waters. The lowest hypoxic value decreased in the Changjiang estuary
and its adjacent waters. 相似文献
79.
Preliminary Study on Applicability of Microsatellite DNA Primers from Parasite Protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi in Free-living Protozoa 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1 Introduction Generallyknownasacodominantgeneticmarker ,microsatellitehasbeenwidelyusedinstudiesonpopu lationgenetics,high resolutiongenotyping ,genemap ping ,evolution ,linkageanalysis ,conservationbiology ,behaviouralecology ,relationsbetweenparasite… 相似文献
80.
东北地区大气污染物源排放时空特征:基于国内外清单的对比分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于国内外4类常用的污染源排放清单数据(EDGAR:全球大气研究排放数据库;CEDS:社区排放数据系统;MIX:亚洲排放清单;PKU-FUEL:全球燃料排放数据),对东北区域5类人为排放源(工业源、能源、交通运输源、生活民用源和农业源)的8种污染物(PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NOx、NMVOCs、NH3、OC和BC)从排放总量、来源贡献和时空分布特征等方面进行对比分析。结果表明:东北污染物排放主要以SO2、NOx和NMVOCs为主,工业、能源和交通运输为主要贡献源;PM2.5和PM10主要来自生活民用源和工业源,贡献率前者大于后者。辽宁省污染物(除NH3外)排放最大,其次为黑龙江省、吉林省和内蒙古东四盟市,冬季排放强度明显高于其他季节。NH3主要来自农业源,排放峰值发生在5~7月;各清单间排放总量和来源贡献差异明显,EDGAR和PKU清单对NH... 相似文献