秦岭石瓮山地药用植物资源分析

石瓮山区共有药用种子植物９９科,２０９属,２６２种．对２６２种药用植物分析基础上,制定了药用植物综合价值评价标准．提出了保护和利用建议．     

The lithologic diversity of the Moon recorded in lunar meteorites Northwest Africa 7611 and 10480

Northwest Africa (NWA) 7611/10480 are lunar regolith breccia meteorites, composed of mineral fragments and various clasts including mare basalts, volcanic glasses, gabbroic lithologies, and a diverse variety of highland materials (ferroan anorthosite, Mg-suite, magnesian anorthosite, and alkali suite rocks) as well as different subvarieties of impact melt breccia. The Apollo two-component mixing model calculation reveals that the NWA 7611 source region contains 58 wt% mare materials and 42 wt% highland components, but the estimated mare components in NWA 10480 have a higher abundance (66 wt%). The predominantly very low-Ti (VLT) composition in both fine-grained basaltic and coarse-grained gabbroic lithologies indicates a provenance associated with a thick lava flow or a single magmatic system. The co-occurrence of zoning patterns and fine-scale exsolution lamellae in pyroxene debris supports a cryptomare deposit as the best candidate source. Phosphate Pb–Pb ages in matrix fragments, impact melt breccia, and basaltic clast indicate that the breccia NWA 7611 records geological events spanning approximately 4305–3769 Ma, which is consistent with the ages of ancient lunar VLT volcanism and the products of basin-forming impacts on the lunar nearside. The youngest reset age at ~3.2 Ga is potentially related to the strong shock lithification process of breccia NWA 7611. Moreover, the similar petrology, texture, geochemistry, cosmic-ray exposure data, and crystallization ages support that basaltic component in Yamato (Y)-793274, and Queen Alexandra Range (QUE) 94281, NWA 4884, and NWA 7611 clan came from the same basalt flow.     

Approximations of the scattering phase functions of particles

Based on anomalous diffraction theory and the modified Rayleigh-Debye approximation, a physically realistic model in bridging form is described to approximate the scattering phase function of particles. When compared with the exact method, the bridging technique reported here provides a reasonable approximation to the Mie results over a broader range of angles and size parameters, and it demonstrates the advantage of being computationally economic. In addition, the new phase function model can be essentially extended to other shapes and conveniently used in more complicated scattering and emission problems related to the solutions of the radiative transfer equations.     

Comprehensive Study of the Activity in the Middle Sections of Huangzhuang-Gaoliying and Babaoshan Faults

To monitor the activity of the Huangzhuang-Gaoliying and Babaoshan faults in their middle sections,a network for leveling,short-side ranging,and gravity and geomagnetic observations at the same time and at the same station was set up.By this network,the time and space distribution and the relation between different observations have been studied.It is considered that the Huangzhuang-Gaoliying fault is in a locked state for rapid strain energy accumulation,while the Babaoshan fault is in a state of creep or unrestrained motion.To do comprehensive monitoring of fault activity by making deformation,gravity,and geomagnetic observations at the same time and at the same station,it would be possible to acquire the microscopic state of fault activity and the data of earthquake preparation; such an approach is considered worth popularizing.     

祁连山青海云杉林辐射平衡研究

研究了青海云杉林的辐射平衡，表明青海云杉林冠辐射平衡各分量在总辐射中所占的比例为；反射辐射１２．０７％，净长波辐射２９．４６％，净全辐射５８．４７％，辐射平衡各分量与总辐射线性回归，相关紧密；青海云杉林林内总辐射林外减少７１．０２％，林内净辐射变幅小于林冠层。     

云对地基微波辐射计反演湿度廓线的影响

利用中国气象局大气探测试验基地的L波段探空数据和微波辐射计观测数据,采用MonoRTM辐射传输模型作为正演亮温模型,BP (back propagation) 神经网络作为反演工具,在由亮温反演大气湿度廓线的过程中,添加与样本匹配的云底高度和云厚度信息,建立新的反演模型,使新反演模型得到的反演湿度廓线和未添加云信息的反演湿度廓线分别与探空数据进行对比,获取两种反演方法各高度层的均方根误差,分析云信息对反演大气湿度廓线的影响。对比结果表明:未添加云信息时,测试样本的反演湿度廓线与探空廓线的相关系数平均值为0.685,而添加云信息后,相关系数平均值为0.805。相比未添加云信息的反演廓线,添加云信息之后多数高度层的均方根误差均有不同程度减小,而在有云以上高度层表现尤为明显。     

中国大陆及其周边地区构造应力场的数值计算及其在地震活动性解释上的应用

利用粘弹性有限元模型,采用最新发表的边界位移速率结果,对中国大陆及其邻区的基本构造应力场进行了数值模拟．主要内容有：最大剪应力及其变化速率的模拟、最大剪应变及其变化速率的模拟和剪应变能密度及其变化速率的模拟．针对中国大陆及其邻区地震活动在时空分布上高度不均匀之特点,将中国大陆东西部地震能量释放进行归一化处理,即得到归一化的本底能量值,并将模拟结果与实际地震活动进行对比．结果表明,用上述模拟结果可以较好地解释中国大陆及其邻区地震分布的特点．     

用流动形变观测判定强震危险地点的研究

分析了形变异常形成的机理，认为形变异常的空间与时间分布特征可以用断层活动闭锁区的形成及发展来解释，活动断层的闭锁区为强震发生地点。提出了半年至几年时间尺度判定强震危险地点的原则和判定危险区与危险地点的具体方法。     

A Baseline Assessment of Coral Reef in Malacca Straits,Malaysia

Coral reefs along the Malacca Straits (MS) are poorly developed mainly due to turbidity and sedimentation. This study describes the health status and community structure of the corals in Cape Rachado, West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia (WCPM), utilizing the Coral Video Transect (CVT) technique. All the survey transects were categorized as ‘fair’ coral conditions (27.39 ± 5.41%–48.56 ± 18.96%) with the reef floor mainly covered by corals and sediment. Twelve families of coral comprised of 25 distinct genera were identified. Coral communities were differentiated into four clusters with each being predominated by Galaxea, Diploastrea, Fungia and Pectinia respectively. Among all, Pectinia is the most spectacular genera and dominated the survey area. Along the MS, Favia, Favites and Porites are commonly found while Porites and Pectinia dominated the reefs. Low coral cover and diversity was recorded in MS as compared to the reefs in the South China Sea (SCS). The most prominent results include changes in the dominant coral from Porites to Pectinia while some species such as Acropora were absent from the study area. Based on the presented data, the reef in the study area was predominantly occupied by sediment and the coral communities were formed by a species with a high tolerance to turbidity and sedimentation.     

地壳放气动态监测与张北—尚义Ms6.2级地震预报

笔者从新的地球观出发,论述地壳放气与地震活动的关系,及其在张北－尚义Ｍｓ６．２级地震中短期,短临预报中应用,认为地震是可以预报的。因此,笔者提出地震预报探索中应加强地壳放气动态监测与研究,特别是加强断层带土壤气ＣＯ２、Ｈ２,Ｈｅ与Ｈｇ动态监测的观点。