一次江淮气旋发生发展动力因素的计算分析

本文对一次江淮气旋的发生发展过程计算了500mb等压面上的涡度平流,对流层下部的温度平流、大气层结稳定度、大气加热率等各项动力因素对其发生发展所起的作用。计算结果发现,在江淮气旋的发生期,大气加热率所起的作用占主要地位;在江淮气旋强烈发展时期,500mb上的涡度平流、对流层下部的温度平流、大气加热率都有重要作用,但以对流层下部的温度平流作用最大。 大气的加热场采用从温度场与流场倒算的方法。计算所得的加热场与降水场有较好的对应,故可认为该大气的加热作用主要是由水汽凝结潜热的释放所致。 计算分析得到如下结论:江淮气旋的发生时期,水气凝结潜热的释放对气旋的发生起着主要的动力作用;而在江淮气旋进一步猛烈发展时期,温度平流对气旋发展的贡献最大,也即大气本身的斜压性是它进一步发展的重要因素。     

内蒙、甘、宁某些地区地球上部电导率分布的横向变化特征

这篇文章给出了内蒙、甘肃、宁夏某些地区的大地电磁测深结果。这些结果显示出,在地震带内地壳和上地幔电导率分布的横向变化是很明显的,而在比较稳定的鄂尔多斯地台内电导卑分布的横向变化较小,地壳和上地幔的电导率结构比较简单。基于这些结果发现,上部地壳(10—15公里)低阻层在大震震中区较为发育,这可能与大震有关。我国西北地区已有的大地电磁测深结果显示出,莫霍面並不是一个清楚的电性分界面,而某些地区的地壳中部低阻层似乎与康拉界面相应,这就使得后者成为一个明显的电性分界面。     

The impact of dynamic change of cropland on grain production in Jilin

The quantity and quality changes of cropland in Jilin province are analyzed by combining the statistics from 1949 to 1999 and land-use maps interpreted from TM images in 1986 and in 2000. In general, the decreasing trend of the cropland in Jilin province was derived from the statistic data in 1949-1999. While since 1983, the cropland area has increased slightly, because of the conversion from other land-use types to cropland. It is showed that the net increase of cropland was about 43.40×104 ha. While the quality change of the cropland can be seen from that mainly caused by the conversion from forestland, grassland to cropland and the change mainly took place in the west, where it is ecologically fragile. According to the spatial distribution model, the centroids' move of the cropland and the grain production are calculated, whose directions are not consistent. The impact of the dynamic change of the cropland on food security is further analyzed.     

A discontinuous Galerkin method for seismic soil–structure interaction analysis in the time domain

A technique for modeling transient wave propagation in unbounded media is extended and applied to seismic soil–structure interaction analysis in the time domain. The technique, based on the discontinuous Galerkin method, requires lower computational cost and less storage than the boundary element method, and the time‐stepping scheme resulting from Newmark's method in conjunction with the technique is unconditionally stable, allowing for efficient and robust time‐domain computations. To extend the technique to cases characterized by seismic excitation, the free‐field motion is used to compute effective forces, which are introduced on the boundary of the computational domain containing the structure and the soil in the vicinity of the structure. A numerical example on a dam–foundation system subjected to seismic excitation demonstrates the performance of the method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

广州地区近地层湍流输送的特征

利用风温梯度观测资料,以相似理论为基础,采用迭代方法得到普适函数Φ（ｚ／Ｌ）的半径验表达式,对近地层总体输送系数的牲进行了分析,求得了与风速、温度的拟合关系,并利用实测资料地其适用性作了检验。     

电镀镍锰胎体金刚石钻头的应用

对电镀镍锰胎体金刚石钻头和镍钴胎体钻头的使用情况进行了对比。实践证明,镍锰胎体钻头特别适用于钻进坚硬破碎、强研磨性地层和软硬交替的地层。     

铜石杂岩体稀土元素地球化学特点

铜石杂岩体是由三个阶段多期次岩浆活动形成的中偏碱性火山杂岩体,其稀土元素分析结果经统计表明：该杂岩体稀土元素总量（ΣＲＥＥ）与地壳克拉克值基本一致,ΣＣｅ／ΣＹ（ＬＲＥＥ／ＨＲＥＥ）比值较大,轻稀土相对富集,Ｅｕ具弱亏损,各期次侵入岩的稀土元素分布形式均呈左高右低的平缓弧形,形态基本相似。这些特征反映了该杂岩体三个侵入阶段的岩浆均来源于地壳深部或上地幔的同一岩浆房,且具有强烈分异的特点。     

居留南极对考察队员血浆色氨酸及尿中5－羟吲哚乙酸水平的影响

为探讨南极考察队员行为／性格变化的物质基础，观察了驻长城站考察队员血浆色氨酸（Ｔｒｐ）与尿中５－羟吲哚乙酸（５－ＨＩＡＡ）变化。第８次队及第１１次队两批队员变化规律相同，即血浆Ｔｒｐ降低，尿中排出５－ＨＩＡＡ增加，血浆Ｔｒｐ变化较尿排出５－ＨＩＡＡ变化出现早，恢复慢。本文讨论了血浆Ｔｒｐ、尿中５－ＨＩＡＡ变化与行为／性格变化间可能的关系     

Analysis of 19-year tidal data

19-year tidal data of the 3 stations, Huludao, Qinhuangdao and Kanmen, have totally been analysed, and the amplitudes and phases of 472 tidal constituents have been calculated with a resolution of Δσ⩾ 0.002 2°/h. Based on the draconitic tide, the anornalistic tide and pole tide obtained, the ultra-long-period variations of the mean sea level have been predicted. The annual tidal analysis of 19-year data at the above-mentioned stations and at Tanggu, Longkou has been carried out. The stability of the annual tidal analysis has been investigated with regard to the astronomical factors, the nonlinear effects and the variations of sea-bottom topography.     

SOME STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THE APPLICATION OF JAPANESE GMS LOW CLOUD WINDS

A statistical study of GMS low cloud winds in January,April,July and October,1983 shows that on an average,there exist 223.5 low cloud winds over western North Pacific each synoptic time.The low cloud winds have a diurnal change with more low cloud winds at 12 Z than at 00 Z. The wind fields at 850 hPa over western North Pacific,with and without application of low cloud winds, have been analyzed by a successive correction scheme.The results indicate that the flow patterns without low cloud winds are considerably distorted from short of wind data over the oceanic region.On the contrary,with application of low cloud winds,the flow patterns get much more improved over the oceanic region.