西宁大墩岭剖面黄土地层初步研究

大墩岭黄土剖面总厚261.3m,包括有全新世黄土、马兰黄土、离石黄土和午城黄土上部。全新世黄土厚0.6m,包括 So 及其以上黄土;马兰黄土厚16.6m,位于 So 底部与 S_1顶部之间;S_1至 L_5为离石黄土上部,厚75.34m,包括14个黄土—古土壤层;S_5至 L_(15)为离石黄土下部,厚157.43m,包括10个黄土-古土壤层,其中 S_5、L_9、L_(15)为三个标志层;午城黄土厚11.33m,由两层古土壤和一层黄土组成。B/M 界限位于 L_8顶部,B1事件位于 S_1中部,p—J 事件位于 L_9上部,J 事件位于 S_(10)中部至 L_(12)顶部。根据古地磁界限年龄推算的剖面底界年龄为1.2MaB.P.。整个剖面可与兰州九洲台、洛川黄土剖面进行对比。     

利用ZAAS中的σ组分测定高含量锶

本文研究了利用Zeeman分裂的σ组分-火焰原子吸收光度法测定锶矿中高含量锶的可行性及基本条件。初步探讨了干扰机理并选择了可行的消除方法,拟定了在HNO_3介质中,以钙盐作释放剂AAS测定高含量Sr的分析方法。且方法具有良好的准确度和精密度,操作简便快速,用于样品分析获得满意结果。     

星际E型CH3CN与H2的碰撞跃迁速率系数的理论计算

继本文作者对星际Ａ型ＣＨ３ＣＮ与Ｈ２含超精细能级的碰撞过程的研究之后，又计算了星际分子云条件下Ｅ型ＣＨ３ＣＮ与Ｈ２的碰撞跃迁速率系数。为研究分子云与恒星形成区的物理、化学性质提供了有用的基础分子数据。     

地下水中锶的形成及其与人群健康的关系

本文以丰富的实际资料，论证了地下水中微量元素锶形成的主要控制因素及其与人群健康的关系。     

Quantifying multi-modal public transit accessibility for large metropolitan areas: a time-dependent reliability modeling approach

The temporal dimensions of public transit accessibility have recently garnered an increasing amount of interest. However, the existing literature on transit accessibility is heavily based on oversimplified assumptions that transit services operate at deterministic speeds using predetermined timetables. These measurements may overestimate transit accessibility, especially for large metropolitan areas where inter- and intra-modal transfers are frequent. To handle travel time uncertainty, a multi-modal transit accessibility modeling approach is proposed to account for realistic variations in travel time and service reliability. The proposed approach is applied to the mapping of transit accessibility in Shenzhen (China), where transit services exhibit significant travel time variations over space and time. Compared to traditional transit accessibility measures, our method has been demonstrated to better capture intrinsic spatial and temporal accessibility variations with complex multi-modal transit networks. Normal distribution of inter-stop travel times and constant travel speed between GPS sampling points are assumed to simply the computation, which we consider to adjust in future studies to better quantify the dynamics of transit accessibility across space and time.     

Fabrication of anodized superhydrophobic 5083 aluminum alloy surface for marine anti-corrosion and anti-biofouling

Marine corrosion and biofouling seriously affect the service life of marine structural materials,resulting in performance failure,enormous economic loss,and even catastrophic safety accidents.It is worthwhile and desirable to develop high-efficiency strategy for anti-corrosion and anti-biofouling.In this paper,superhydrophobic 5083 aluminum alloy(AA5083) surface with micro-nano hierarchical morphology was fabricated through anodization followed by 1 H,1 H,2 H,2 H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane(POTS)modification.The surface morphologies,roughness,and chemical compositions were revealed by scanning electron microscopy,atomic force microscopy,and X-ray diffraction.The self-cleaning ability,corrosion resistance and algae adhesion suppression ability of the fabricated surfaces were investigated,indicating an excellent water-proofing,anti-corrosion and anti-biofouling performance.We believe the superhydrophobic creation of metallic materials is expected to have potential applications in marine corrosion and antibiofouling fields.     

Geological,physical, and chemical characteristics of seafloor hydrothermal vent fields

Seafloor hydrothermal vent fields(SHVFs) are located in the mid-ocean ridge(MOR),backarc basin(BAB),island arc and hot-spot environments and hosted mainly by ultramafic,mafic,felsic rocks,and sediments.The hydrothermal vent fluids of SHVFs have low oxygen,abnormal pH and temperature,numerous toxic compounds,and inorganic energy sources,such as sulfuric compounds,methane,and hydrogen.The geological,physical,and chemical characteristics of SHVFs provide important clues to understanding the formation and evolution of seafloor hydrothermal systems,leading to the determination of metal sources and the reconstruction of the physicochemical conditions of metallogenesis.Over the past two decades,we studied the geological settings,volcanic rocks,and hydrothermal products of SHVFs and drawn new conclusions in these areas,including:1) the hydrothermal plumes in the Okinawa Trough are affected by the Kuroshio current;2) S and Pb in the hydrothermal sulfides from MOR are mainly derived from their host igneous rocks;3) Re and Os of vent fluids are more likely to be incorporated into Fe-and Fe-Cu sulfide mineral facies,and Os is enriched under low-temperature(200℃) hydrothermal conditions in global SHVFs;4) compared with low-temperature hydrothermal sulfides,sulfates,and opal minerals,high-temperature hydrothermal sulfides maintain the helium(He) isotopic composition of the primary vent fluid;5) relatively low temperature(116℃),oxygenated,and acidic environment conditions are favorable for forming a native sulfur chimney,and a "glue pudding" growth model can be used to understand the origin of native sulfur balls in the Kueishantao hydrothermal field;and 6) boron isotope from hydrothermal plumes and fluids can be used to describe their diffusive processes.The monitoring and understanding of the physical structure,chemical composition,geological processes,and diverse organism of subseafloor hydrothermal systems will be a future hot spot and frontier of submarine hydrothermal geology.     

重庆松藻矿区复杂地层钻探技术探讨

重庆松藻矿区强风化地层厚度在700m左右,结构松软、涌水、漏失及水敏性地层反复出现。该区钻孔易出现坍塌、掉块、吸水膨胀缩径、孔斜等现象,施工难度较大,另外煤心采取率极低。在该矿区小鱼沱井田钻进时,采用快干水泥浆封堵及跟管钻进相结合的钻进工艺,并严格控制双聚低固相泥浆配方;在跟管钻进过程中,掌握控制其压力、转速,防止因压力过大或钻进太快而出现套管断脱。该孔历时4个月,终孔深度1261．72m,终孔斜度为8°,钻孔质量为特级。CK-28井成孔经验表明,在该区复杂地层钻进,采用边钻进边封堵及跟管钻进等技术,可有效解决易塌、涌水、漏失、孔斜等难题。     

Simultaneously simulate vertical and horizontal expansions of a future urban landscape: a case study in Wuhan,Central China

While there are extensive studies of urban 2D forms, research on the varying geometric features and spatial distribution patterns of urban 3D spaces is comparatively rare. In this paper, we propose a coupled model, known as BPANN-CBRSortCA, which is based on a back propagation artificial neural network (BPANN) and case-based reasoning technology with sort cellular automaton (CBRSortCA) to simulate future urban building heights and their spatial distribution. BPANN–CBRSortCA uses BPANN to predict the vertical extrusion of building heights and uses CBRSortCA to simulate horizontal urban expansion. The BPANN–CBRSortCA model is innovative because of its capabilities to simultaneously project urban growth in the vertical and horizontal dimensions. The proposed model also overcomes the limitations of the traditional cellular automata models that cannot simulate ‘diffused’ urban expansion. This research used Wuhan City as a case study to simulate vertical and horizontal urban expansion from 2015 to 2025. The results showed the following: (1) in the next 10 years, new build-up will mainly appear along the edge of Hongshan and Hanyang Districts or will occupy bare land in the form of ‘filling’ and (2) the tallest buildings will be mainly located to the south of East Lake in Hongshan District and on undeveloped land within the city. These simulation results can provide a reference for future urban planning.     

东营石油装备制造业创新网络演化研究

采用社会网络分析方法,借助Ucinet、ArcGIS等软件工具,从多维邻近的视角出发,对东营石油装备业创新网络演化进行分析研究,研究发现：首先,多维邻近对东营创新网络发展产生了重要影响,且不同网络发展阶段（培育、起步、成长）主导的邻近因子不同。这一方面证实了Boschma多维邻近性的相关理论假说,另一方面指出多维邻近因子与东营创新网络演变的不同关联。其次,高校、大型国有企业是东营创新网络的知识源泉和组织者。中国石油大学（华东)、胜利油田集团企业发挥了主导作用,这与国外中小型创新企业发挥主导作用的情形有很大差异。