常压法合成Methomyl的研究

提出一种合成Methomyl的改良法。该方法的特点是反应可在常压下进行。对常压反应的优宜条件作了系统研究,并讨论了反应机理。     

东海XH凹陷烃资源预测──勘探层分析及石油资源专家系统分析

应用勘探层分析及石油资源专家系统对ＸＨ凹陷下第三系勘探目的层的三个勘探层烃资源量作出了综合预测，结果表明，凹陷内各勘探层，尤其是渐新统勘探层，烃资源量相当可观。提出在渐新统内的地层圈闭中可进一步作详细的勘探工作。     

六溴苯的合成研究

对直接溴化法合成六溴苯作了系统的研究,并对文献方法进行了一系列的改进。包括选择适当的摧化剂及其用量,使反应基本上在室温下进行;利用水汽蒸馏法驱除残余溴,可直接得到无色或近乎无色的纯净产物,而勿需进行还原脱溴,且得率较高。提出一种以溴化物形式回收副产物的方法。     

Processes Causing the Temporal Changes in Si/N Ratios of Nutrient Consumptions and Export Flux during the Spring Diatom Bloom

Two processes are generally explained as causes of temporal changes in the stoichiometric silicon/nitrogen (Si/N) ratios of sinking particles and of nutrient consumption in the surface water during the spring diatom bloom: (1) physiological changes of diatom under the stress of photosynthesis of diatom and (2) differences of regeneration between silicon and nitrogen. We investigated which process plays an important role in these changes using a one-dimensional ecosystem model that explicitly represents diatom and the other non-silicious phytoplankton. The model was applied to station A7 (41°30′ N, 145°30′ E) in the western North Pacific, where diatom regularly blooms in spring. Model simulations show that the Si/N ratios of the flux exported by the sinking particles at 100 m depth and of nutrient consumptions in the upper 100 m surface water have their maxima at the end of the spring diatom bloom, the values and timings of which are significantly different from each other. Analyses of the model results show that the differences of regeneration between silicon and nitrogen mainly cause the temporal changes of the Si/N ratios. On the other hand, the physiological changes of diatoms under stress can hardly cause these temporal changes, because the effect of the change in the diatom's uptake ratio of silicon to nitrogen is cancelled by that in its sinking rate.     

A Zonal Pathway for NADW in the South Atlantic

Several large deployments of neutrally buoyant floats took place within the Antarctic Intermediate (AAIW), North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW), and the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) of the South Atlantic in the 1990s and a number of hydrographic sections were occupied as well. Here we use the spatially and temporally averaged velocities measured by these floats, combined with the hydrographic section data and various estimates of regional current transports from moored current meter arrays, to determine the circulation of the three major subthermocline water masses in a zonal strip across the South Atlantic between the latitudes of 19°S and 30°S. We concentrate on this region because the historical literature suggests that it is where the Deep Western Boundary Current containing NADW bifurcates. In support of this notion, we find that a net of about 5 Sv. of the 15–20 Sv that crosses 19°S does continue zonally eastward at least as far as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Once across the ridge it takes a circuit to the north along the ridge flanks before returning to the south in the eastern half of the Angola Basin. The data suggest that the NADW then continues on into the Indian Ocean. This scheme is discussed in the context of distributions of dissolved oxygen, silicate and salinity. In spite of the many float-years of data that were collected in the region a surprising result is that their impact on the computed solutions is quite modest. Although the focus is on the NADW we also discuss the circulation for the AAIW and AABW layers.     

The fate of dumped sediments monitored by a high-resolution multibeam echosounder system,Weser Estuary,German Bight

With the development of high-resolution multibeam echosounder systems (MBES) for surveying shallow-water areas a new tool is available to monitor rapid changes in seabed morphology as, e.g., caused by the dumping of dredge spoil in coastal waters. In this study, four data sets of repeated bathymetric surveys with a MBES were processed and analyzed. The data were collected in a 1.94-km² dumping site in the outer Weser Estuary (German Bight). Between June and December 1998, 2.6 million m³ of dredged sediment were deposited there. The bathymetric maps generated in the course of this study reveal features such as subaqueous dunes, scour holes, and mounds of dumped dredge spoil. The mean water depth decreased by about 1 m during the dumping period. Furthermore, difference grids showing changes in sediment volume allowed a calculation of the sediment budget for the monitored area. After a time period of only 5 months, 0.5 million m³ of the originally dumped 2.6 million m³ of dredge spoil had already been removed from the dumping site.     

Effect of shallow and narrow water on added mass of cylinders with various cross-sectional shapes

The sway, heave and roll added masses of three uniform cylinders with semi-circular, rectangular and triangular cross-sectional shapes in shallow and narrow water are numerically analysed. The method is based on simulation of the potential flow induced by the cylinder's mode of motion. The effects of shallow and narrow water on added mass are analysed and presented. It is concluded that the shallow and narrow water effects on added mass depend on the different cross-section shapes of the cylinders. In particular, the water depth effect on sway added mass is stronger than that on heave added mass while the narrow water effect on sway is weaker than that on heave. The shallow water effect on added mass tends to weaken the narrow water effect. Lastly the effect of shallow and narrow water on added mass on a rectangular cylinder is the strongest while that on a triangular cylinder is the weakest.     

等鞭金藻8701培养液的营养组成研究

等鞭金藻８７０１品系是作用（周，孙）新分离的一个单细饵料藻种。其形态构造与绿光等鞭金藻相同，便适温远较后者为低。通过单因子和正交试验表明，培养液的最佳配方是在天然海水中加入ＮａＮＯ３３０ｐｐｍ，ＣＯ（ＨＮ２）２１５ｐｐｍ，ＫＨ２ＰＯ４或ＮａＨ２ＰＯ４－８ｐｐｍ，ＦｅＣ６Ｈ５Ｏ７０．５ｐｐｍ，维生素Ｂ１０．１ｐｐｍ和维生素Ｂ１２０．０００５ｐｐｍ。     

两种涡鞭毛藻的周日垂直迁移特性研究

Ａｌｅｘａｎｄｒｉｕｍ ｌｕｓｉｔａｎｉｃｕｍ于１９８７年采自葡萄牙沿海，Ｙ－１００于１９８９年采自德国湾。在暗室中用一根柱长１５０ｃｍ，内径３．４ｃｍ的玻璃柱对两种涡鞭毛藻的垂直行特性进行研究。结果表明，两种藻均进行有规律的周日垂直迁移，且均在始前２ｈ开始向上迁移，光照结束前３ｈ开始向移速度约为２８０μｍ／ｓ，向下约为１４０μｍ／ｓ向下约为８５０μｍ／ｓ；Ｙ－１００向上迁移速度约为２８０μｍ／ｓ     

黄海陆架表层水温的低频振动

本文在对位于黄海南部陆架上的朝连岛站30年水温资料进行分析时发现,该站的表层水温有周期大于20个月的低频振动,其中以准两年周期和6年周期最显著。陆架水温的这种低频振动是对东亚季风异常的响应。这种低频振动在冬季与渤海冰情的变化同步;在夏季与黄海底层冷水团的强弱相关。同时,这种低频振动在对马暖流上也有一定的反映。