Isolation via enrichment and characterization of ten polymorphic microsatellite loci in the cuttlefish, Sepiella maindroni de Rochebruns

Ten novel polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed using an enrichment and colony hybridization protocol and characterized for the cuttlefish, Sepiella maindroni. Polymorphism was explored by using 30 individuals from the coastal waters of Zhanjiang, Guangdong province, China, in December 2007. The number of alleles ranged from 5 to 13. The ranges of observed and expected heterozygosity were from 0.578 9 to 1.000 0 and 0.682 8 to 0.925 7, respectively, and the average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.778 5. These microsatellite loci will certainly facilitate the detection of the genetic variation and population structure of S. maindroni.     

华北克拉通北缘白乃庙组变质火山岩锆石定年与岩石地球化学特征

白乃庙组绿片岩是白乃庙铜金矿床赋存层位,矿区构造上位于华北克拉通北缘古生代陆缘增生带内。岩石学、岩石地球化学特征指示该绿片岩原岩为中基性火山岩。对白乃庙组变质火山岩的锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS UPb年代学研究表明,该火山岩形成年龄为449±3Ma(n=33,MSWD=4.0),为晚奥陶世岩浆活动的产物。白乃庙组变质火山岩具有低的SiO2(43.47%~54.64%)、TiO2(0.60%~1.31%)和P2O5(0.08%~0.35%),宽的MgO(3.98%~12.99%)含量,属于钙碱性系列岩石,岩石富集大离子亲石元素K、Sr等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta,Zr、Hf也表现为轻微的亏损。轻重稀土分馏明显,具有不同程度的Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.7~1.2)和轻微负的Ce异常(Ce/Ce*=0.74~1.01)。岩石地球化学特征表明白乃庙变质火山岩经历了一定程度的结晶分异,橄榄石和单斜辉石为主要的结晶相。该变质火山岩具有较低的Ti/Y(2.5~5.0)和Zr/Y(189~355)值、低的176 Hf/177 Hf比值和较宽的εHf(t)值,暗示源区可能为岩石圈地幔,且受到了地壳的混染。Nb和Ta强烈亏损、极低的Nb/Ta值(0.08~1.09)以及Ce的负异常表明与大洋板块的俯冲作用有关,岩浆源区可能已受到俯冲组分的影响。构造环境判别显示白乃庙变质火山岩为与消减作用有关的大陆弧岩浆岩。锆石二阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)变化范围为1073~1470Ma,平均值为1285Ma(n=30),暗示华北板块北缘在中—新元古代时期曾发生过一次重要的构造热事件。     

The Origin of Pb-Zn Deposits in the Northern Kuandian Area, Liaoning Province

1 Regional geologyThere are a series of lead -- zinc deposits in theLiao-ji paleo-rift, for exarnple, the Kumduk Pb -- Zndeposit of Korea, the Huanggoushan Pb -- Zn depositof Jilin Province, the Qingchengzi Pb -- Zn dePOsitand Beiwagou Pb -- Zn deposit of…     

Similarities and differences in driving factors of precipitation changes on the western Loess Plateau and the northeastern Tibetan Plateau at different timescales

Climate change constitutes the superposition of climatic variations at different timescales and is affected by driving factors at multiple scales. Therefore, clarifying the changes in and driving factors of the climate at different timescales is crucial for climate predictions. Here, using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition method, we obtained four components of the western Loess Plateau (WLP) precipitation at the interannual, interdecadal, multidecadal and centennial scales and the long-term change trend, which accounted for 40.4, 33.5, 11.5, 11.6 and 3.0%, respectively, of the total variance in the tree-ring-based precipitation reconstruction during 1566–2013 AD. El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) mainly affected the interannual-decadal, multidecadal and centennial changes, respectively, before increasing anthropogenic aerosol emissions began influencing the WLP precipitation. Using the same method, we also obtained four components of the precipitation on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau (NETP) at different timescales and found that the interannual-decadal and multidecadal changes in the precipitation on the NETP exhibited good relationships with the changes in the WLP precipitation over the past four centuries and were also mainly affected by ENSO and the PDO, respectively. The correlation between the WLP and NETP precipitation at the centennial scale was mainly positive, and the precipitation relationship between these two regions was affected by solar radiation and the AMV to some extent. However, due to the effects of global warming on NETP precipitation and the effects of increasing anthropogenic aerosols on WLP precipitation, this correlation has become negative in recent decades, indicating that without the influences of human activities, the precipitation on the WLP would be positively related to the NETP precipitation.

     

一种改进的GNSS／INS非相干深组合导航

针对GNSS／INS非相干深组合导航中通道滤波器状态模型中信号幅值估测不准而导致跟踪环路观测噪声较大的问题,提出了一种改进的GNSS／INS非相干深组合导航方法。该方法通过去除通道滤波器中信号幅值状态变量,增加载波相位变化率加速度误差,重新设计了通道滤波器数学模型。仿真结果表明：相比于传统的非相干深组合导航方法,这种滤波器的跟踪性能与导航精度有了进一步提高。     

基于AutoLISP的空间数据质检与整理工具集设计与实现

在分析现存空间数据问题的基础上,提出空间数据质检与整理工具集的模块化、层次化设计思想,并选择4个典型性空间数据质检与整理问题详细描述其实现过程。工具集的设计具有较好的扩展性、灵活性、实用性,并在具体实践项目中得到验证,能有效提高工作效率,为科研和类似工程项目提供良好的借鉴意义。     

湖南洪涝灾害波动特征及趋势预测研究

利用1980―2007年湖南省重大洪涝灾害统计数据,采用灰色系统建模方法,建立了湖南省洪涝灾害重大损失年份的灰色灾变GM(1,1)模型,预测未来10年湖南省重大洪涝灾害发生的趋势。结果显示,湖南省洪涝灾害具有周期性波动上升特征,未来10年中,可能发生轻灾的年份为2010和2017年,可能发生重大洪灾的年份为2012、2015和2019年,可能发生特大洪涝灾害的年份为2013和2016年。认为主要原因一方面是湖南特有的以流水为主的地质地貌特征导致地域蓄水能力有限,另一方面是湖南水利工程破坏严重、排洪减涝能力不高以及人们自觉的防灾减灾意识不强。     

台湾地区生物礁及其生境

台湾岛位于亚洲大陆板块与菲律宾海板块的交界处,是在中新世晚期经由板块碰撞而形成的大陆 边缘岛屿。台湾岛形成初期,由于地形陡峭,地表的侵蚀速率高,在高沉积速率的环境中,并不利于碳酸盐沉 积物的形成,因此甚少珊瑚礁沉积,及至更新世和全新世才有比较具规模的珊瑚礁形成。台湾地区的更新世珊 瑚礁主要分布在台湾岛西南部高雄地区和南部恒春地区;其中,高雄地区大岗山、小岗山、半屏山和寿山等地 的珊瑚礁,可能是在逆断层前移的背斜脊高区上沉积形成,或与冷泉碳酸盐提供珊瑚礁发育的硬底质有关。台 湾岛南端恒春地区的珊瑚礁则是在更新世晚期的温暖浅海环境中沉积形成。台湾地区大部分的生物礁于全新世 沉积形成,此时期海平面上升,沉积速率降低,浅海环境适宜,因而有利于生物礁形成;但是由于各地环境条 件的差异,礁的型态也不同;台湾岛南部恒春半岛、绿岛、兰屿、澎湖列岛南部和小琉球等地有较具规模的珊 瑚礁发育,约有造礁珊瑚200～300种;台湾岛东部及澎湖列岛北部仅有块状礁或斑礁形成,造礁珊瑚约有150种;台湾岛北部和东北部浅海则有造礁珊瑚约100种,但因侵蚀作用强烈,并不成礁,属于“非礁型珊瑚群 聚”。另外,在台湾岛西北部海岸则有以无栉珊瑚藻为主体所形成的藻礁。台湾地区各地的全新世生物礁,由于 沉积时间很短,同时受到台湾地区高上升速率与高侵蚀速率的影响,礁体的厚度不足,并广泛被抬升成为海岸 地带的上升礁,且与潮下带的现生珊瑚礁互相连续。台湾岛海域造礁珊瑚的属种特别丰富,高达近300种,约 占全球珊瑚物种的三分之一,主要系因邻近全球珊瑚物种多样性最高的珊瑚大三角,而且黑潮流经台湾地区大 部分海域,把热带物种幼苗携带过来,因而造就了台湾岛海域的生物多样性。     

Web环境下基于GP服务的降雨分布图全自动制图探索

近年来,城市内涝突发较多,降雨量分布图为政府决策提供了信息支撑。但面对应急处置,降雨量分布图的快速自动制图,尤其是Web端制图,成为其应用的制约。文章分析了全自动制图流程并结合ArcGIS10.1 for server提供的GP新性能,探索了Web模式下降雨分布图全自动制图技术体系,建立了自动制图的GP服务框架,特别是自动打印GP服务的探索,使得降雨量分布图的制作实现了全自动化。本文的成果在2012年7.21北京特大暴雨中得到应用,同时对其他行业制图自动化具有借鉴意义。     

Magmatic history during late Carboniferous to early Permian in the North of the central Xing’an-Mongolia Orogenic Belt: a case study of the Houtoumiao pluton,Inner Mongolia

We undertake zircon U–Pb dating, Hf isotopes, and geochemical analyses of the Houtoumiao pluton in the Xilinhot microcontinent (XLMC) in the central Inner Mongolia with an aim of determining their ages, petrogenesis, and sources, which are important for understanding the late Palaeozoic tectonic evolution of the Xing’an-Mongolia Orogenic Belt. The Houtoumiao pluton consists of medium-grained granodiorite, coarse- and medium-grained syenogranite. Mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) are common in the Houtoumiao pluton. Zircon U–Pb dating has yielded ages of 303 ± 2 and 301 ± 2 Ma for the granodiorite, 295 ± 2 Ma for the syenogranite, and 292 ± 1 Ma for the MMEs. The granodiorite and syenogranite have features of high-K high silica content, rich in Rb, U, and Th, but low content of HFSE, belong to calc-alkaline series. The P₂O₅ concentration decreases with the increasing SiO₂ content, suggesting I-type affinity. The MMEs, which are characterized by low SiO₂, relatively high and variable TiO₂, Al₂O₃, FeO^T, MgO, CaO, Ni, and Cr contents, also have much higher total rare earth element concentrations that the REE patterns are subparallel to those of the host rocks. Zircons from the host rocks have ε_Hf(t) values from +3.91 to +7.73 and T_DM2 values of 820–1067 Ma, suggesting that the granitoids were probably dominated by remelting of juvenile crust materials. The MMEs are of ε_Hf(t) value ranging from +6.23 to +11.04 and T_DM1 values from 490 to 693 Ma, suggesting that the primary magma probably was derived from partial melting of a depleted lithospheric mantle, the mafic mineral fractional crystallization and crustal contamination occurred during the magma evolution. Combined with previous studies on the contemporaneous magma-tectonic activities in the Uliastai Continental Margin and XLMC, we suggest that the Houtoumiao pluton formed in a post-orogenic setting.