Application of probabilistic neural network to design breakwater armor blocks

This study presents a probabilistic neural network (PNN) technique for predicting the stability number of armor blocks of breakwaters. The PNN is prepared using the experimental data of Van der Meer. The predicted stability numbers of the PNN are compared with those of previous studies, i.e. by an empirical formula and a previous neural network model. The agreement index between the measured and predicted stability numbers by PNN are better than those by the previous studies. The PNN offers a way to interpret the network's structure in the form of a probability density function and it is easy to implement. Therefore, it can be an effective tool for designers of rubble mound breakwaters.     

Influence analysis of gaseous absorption on “HY-1A” CZI data processing Simulation and correction for Rayleigh scattering

Besides ozone, oxygen and water vapour should be considered for their absorptive effects on ＂HY--1A＂ CZI data processing. First ,gaseous transmittances under various conditions are computed and analyzed for the band settings of this sensor. Second, transmittances under six standard atmospheres are approximated as functions of zenith angle, the water vapour transmittance is approximated as a function of water vapour content and zenith angle, and the ozone transmittance is approximated as a function of ozone content and zenith angle. Finally, taking Rayleigh scattering as an example, the influence of ignoring gaseous absorption when calculating TOA reflectance is analyzed, and the effect of applying the presented transmittance approximations to gaseous absorption correction for Rayleigh scattering in ＂HY--1A＂ CZI data processing is evaluated.     

Review of recent findings on the water masses and circulation in the East Sea (Sea of Japan)

Recent findings on water masses, biogeochemical tracers, deep currents and basin-scale circulation in the East/Japan Sea, and numerical modeling of its circulation are reviewed. Warming continues up to 2007 despite an episode of bottom water formation in the winter of 2000–2001. Water masses have definitely changed since the 1970s and further changes are expected due to the continuation of warming. Accumulation of current data in deep waters of the East/Japan Sea reveals that the circulation in the East/Japan Sea is primarily cyclonic with sub-basin scale cyclonic and anticyclonic cells in the Ulleung Basin (Tsushima Basin). Our understanding of the circulation of intermediate water masses has been deepened through high-resolution numerical studies, and the implementation of data assimilation has had initial success. However, the East/Japan Sea is unique in terms of the fine vertical structures of physical and biogeochemical properties of cold water mass measured at the highest precision and their rapid change with the global warming, so that full understanding of the structures and their change requires in-depth process studies with continuous monitoring programs.     

一些海洋动植物区系的真菌分离和抑菌活性初步研究

从南海海域的鱼类、贝类、海藻以及海泥样品中分离出199株海洋真菌,分属于青霉属、曲霉属和酵母属等9个属,其中以青霉属和曲霉属真菌居多,分别占28.6%和26.8%。以大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌作为指示菌,筛选出抑菌活性菌株7株,其中2株既抗大肠杆菌又抗金黄色葡萄球菌,4株抗金黄色葡萄球菌,1株抗大肠杆菌。     

温度对管角螺Hemifusus tuba(Gelin)耗氧率和排氨率的影响

设置5个温度梯度(14、19、24、29、34℃),海水盐度为32,研究温度和规格对管角螺Hemifusustuba(Gelin)耗氧率和排氨率的影响。结果表明:14～29℃范围内,管角螺耗氧率随温度的升高,29℃时达到最大值;14～34℃范围内,排氨率随温度的升高而增加。在相同温度下,耗氧率和排氨率随单位软体部干重的增加而下降,管角螺软体部干重(W)与单位体重耗氧率(OR)、排氨率(NR)之间的关系分别符合幂函数方程OR=aW-b、NR=cW-d,W与OR、NR呈负相关关系。     

深沪湾沙滩潮间带大型底栖动物群落及其次级生产力

2006年冬、春2个季度在深沪湾沙滩潮间带获得的大型底栖动物栖息密度和生物量表明,深沪湾沙滩潮间带生物群落生态特点是种类少、数量高,群落结构简单.运用Brey(1990) 的经验公式进行了大型底栖动物次级生产力和P/B值的计算,得出冬、春两季深沪湾沙滩潮间带大型底栖动物平均次级生产力和P/B值分别为48.79[g(AFDW)/(m2·a)]和1.30.深沪湾沙滩潮间带大型底栖动物平均栖息密度、平均生物量和平均次级生产力三者的变化是一致的,均是低潮区＞中潮区＞高潮区.这种分布格局与沉积环境及潮汐有关.     

黄河水下三角洲海底管道沉降量确定方法研究

提出一种海底管道沉降计算方法——递推法,应用到胜利油田埕岛海域海底管道沉降计算中,并将计算结果与目前常用的日本规范法和极限法进行比较。研究发现在粉土与粉质粘土为主的强度较高的海床上,递推法与日本规范法计算结果比较接近,极限法的最小;在淤泥质土组成的强度较低的海床上,日本规范法的计算值最大,递推法的居中,极限法的最小。逆推法可计算裸置和埋设两种形式的管道沉降量,而另外两者只能计算裸置管道的沉降。文中进一步讨论了引起管道沉降的影响因素,土体强度和压缩性对管道沉降影响较大。且管道埋深越大,沉降也越大。最后分析了黄河水下三角洲埕岛海域4个区的管道沉降量,Ⅰ区争Ⅱ区管道沉降较小,可以忽略,Ⅳ区沉降较大,在淤泥质软土上的管道,可能会完全陷入土中。     

西湖凹陷中南部油气成藏动力学特征及成藏机理

西湖凹陷以始新世末的玉泉运动和中新世末的龙井运动形成的不整合面为界,将盆地的发展演化分为裂陷、坳陷和区域沉降三个阶段。在盆地演化的不同阶段,不同构造带的沉降速率存在差异,烃源岩的热成熟演化史也不一致。生、排烃史模拟表明：平湖组烃源岩的生烃强度最高,花港组烃源岩的生烃强度相对较小;中央背斜带及其两侧深凹部位烃源岩的生烃强度大于保斜坡带;主要应用Basin Mod盆地模拟软件系统,通过对流体势、温压系统、异常压力的分析,探讨西湖凹陷中南部油气运聚成藏的机理。     

塔里木盆地石炭系层序地层研究

应用地震、钻井、测井、岩心、露头及分析化验资料,将塔里木盆地石炭系划分为4个地震层序和6个沉积层序,其中Csq1、Csq2、Csq5层序为工型层序,Csq3、Csq4、Csq6层序为Ⅱ型层序,与标准的工型层序比较,盆地内Ⅰ型层序低位体系域以河流沉积体系和低位扇三角洲沉积体系为特征,缺失盆底扇、斜坡进积复合体等深水沉积体系;Ⅱ型层序中陆架边缘体系域不发育,主要的沉积体系以浅水碳酸岩台地和海岸平原为特征。石炭纪早期层序形成在起伏不平的剥蚀面之上,以填平补齐的充填沉积为主,中后期层序则发育在宽阔平坦的盆地内,层序地层学格架模式可用Van的被动大陆边缘模式来描述。     

基于ERDAS的SPOT5卫星影像正射校正方法研究

海岛海岸带卫星遥感调查与评价项目以高分辨率卫星遥感影像数据为基础。项目区块地形有一半为山地和丘陵,地形起伏较大,常规的几何校正难以消除因地形起伏引起的影像几何变形,必须进行正射校正。根据现有数据特点和项目要求,提出了可行的正射校正流程,基于SPOT5物理模型对融合影像进行正射校正,实验校正结果完全满足精度要求。