低可容空间浅水三角洲沉积层序及聚煤模式:以渤海湾地区下二叠统山西组为例*

为研究低可容空间浅水三角洲体系沉积层序及聚煤模式,以渤海湾地区下二叠统山西组为主要研究对象,开展层序地层研究,在层序地层格架内揭示低可容空间浅水三角洲体系聚煤模式。根据沉积相转换面以及下切谷冲刷面两类不整合面(SU)可将山西组划分为3个三级层序Sq1、Sq2及Sq3,每个三级层序代表 1期三角洲。通过最大洪泛面(MFS)与最大水退面(MRS)将每个三级层序划分为LST、TST及HST 3个体系域,代表 9个四级层序。根据岩性参数等值线绘制一系列特定于层序的沉积相图,在可容空间增长速率及泥炭堆积速率的控制下,三角洲平原泛滥平原及三角洲前缘泥炭沼泽为聚煤中心,位于冀中坳陷东部、黄骅坳陷中北部以及济阳坳陷部分地区。泛滥平原中形成的煤层厚度大,且聚煤中心具有随三角洲推进逐渐南移的趋势,三角洲前缘聚煤环境相对较差,形成的煤层厚度较薄,且易被分流河道砂体冲刷。渤海湾地区下二叠统浅水三角洲层序地层学及沉积学分析为聚煤模式提供了基础,该模式包括LST、TST早期、TST中期、TST晚期以及HST 5个时期的演化。煤层主要聚集在Sq1与Sq2的TST以及HST时期。这些成果对渤海湾地区煤炭资源勘探及提高钻探工程地质效果具有现实意义。     

Dynamic process analysis of the Xinmo landslide via seismic signal and numerical simulation

Landslides - On 24 June 2017, a rockslide-debris avalanche occurred in Xinmo Village, Maoxian County, Sichuan Province, China. The displaced materials traveled approximately 2.6 km and...     

茫崖闪长岩的成因及对造山带构造演化的指示意义

南阿尔金造山带是中国西北地区重要的俯冲—碰撞杂岩带。本文对茫崖地区出露的闪长岩开展岩石学、地球化学、锆石U- Pb年代学和Lu—Hf同位素地球化学研究,探讨其岩石成因和成岩时的构造环境。研究表明,茫崖闪长岩亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P、Th、U、HREEs、Ba、Sr等元素,富集Rb等大离子亲石元素及LREEs,显示与俯冲相关岛弧岩浆岩相似的地球化学特征。样品的锆石U- Pb年龄为494~461Ma,εHf (t)为0. 01~3. 90,tDM2为1496~1447Ma,少量εHf (t)为负值（-2. 22~-0. 03）,tDM2为1453~1254Ma,指示其物质来源以中元古代（1453~1254 Ma）新生地壳物质为主,混合少量中元古代（1496~1447Ma）古老地壳物质。综上,该期岩浆活动是幔源岩浆的底侵作用导致下地壳熔融的产物,指示南阿尔金造山带在<494Ma进入深俯冲陆壳断离—折返阶段,同时伴随着大规模幔源岩浆的底侵作用,茫崖闪长岩是深俯冲陆壳断离后折返作用的岩浆活动响应。     

云微物理过程对台风数值模拟的影响

将中国气象科学研究院（CAMS）混合双参数云微物理方案用于中尺度天气模式WRF,开展了对2013年超强台风天兔（1319）的模拟,通过与台风最佳路径、强度及热带降雨测量卫星（TRMM）资料对比,分析CAMS云微物理方案在模拟台风中的适用性及云微物理过程对模拟台风天兔的影响机制。设计了3组敏感性试验:修改雪粒子质量和落速系数（EXP1）,采用海洋性云滴参数（EXP2）,同时修改雪粒子质量和落速系数并采用海洋性云滴参数（EXP3）。结果表明:EXP1和EXP3由于霰碰并雪速率的增加及减小的雪下落通量,导致雪含量显著降低,同时也减少了整体冰相物的含量;EXP2和EXP3模拟的台风眼区对流有效位能快速减小,再现了前期台风的快速增强过程,路径偏差也最小;各试验模拟的小时降水率总体偏强,EXP3的降水空间分布与实况更接近,明显降低雪粒子含量,并一定程度上改善模拟的台风路径、强度及降水分布等。该结果不但可为改进适用于台风的云微物理参数化方案提供思路,也可加深云微物理过程对台风影响的认识。     

福岛核事故泄漏入海的137Cs长期输运的数值研究

The Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011 released large amounts of radionuclides, including ~(137)Cs, into the Pacific Ocean. A quasi-global ocean radioactive transport model with horizontal grid spacing of 0.5°×0.5° and 21 vertical layers was thereafter established to study the long-term transport of the Fukushima-derived ~(137)Cs in the ocean.The simulation shows that the plume of ~(137)Cs would be rapidly transported eastward alongside the Kuroshio Current and its extensions. Contaminated waters with concentrations lower than 2 Bq/m3 would reach the west coast of North America 4 or 5 years after the accident. The ~(137)Cs tends to be carried, despite its very low concentration, into the Indian and South Pacific Oceans by 2016 via various branches of ocean currents.Meanwhile, the ~(137)Cs concentrations in the western part of the North Pacific Ocean decrease rapidly with time. Up to now the highly contaminated waters have remained in the upper 400 m, showing no evidence of significant penetration to deeper layers.     

RBF神经网络在雷达定量估测降水中的应用研究

利用重庆气象局CINRAD/SA气象雷达降水回波资料和相应地区的地面雨量站资料,基于径向基函数神经网络,建立雷达定量估测降水模型,将其用于地面降水估测。作为比较,同时以变分法得到的Z-R关系式估测所得降水。经二者对比试验结果表明:建立的雷达定量估测降水模型的估测精度和稳定性要明显优于Z-R关系式,能较好地反映降雨的真实情况。     

Comparative analysis of fracture identification methods based on gravity anomaly in Heilongjiang

The identification of fractures is of great importance in gravity and magnetic data processing and interpretation.In this study,four fracture identification methods are applied,and widely used in processing and analysis of the gravity anomaly,including vertical second derivative method,tilt derivative method,theta map method and normalized differential method,for gravity data acquired in a given area in Heilongjiang.By comparing the distribution of the zero contour or maximum contour,we summarize the application effects,and both advantages and disadvantages of each method.It is found that tilt derivative method and normalized differential method provide better effects than other two methods:the narrower anomaly gradient belt and higher identification precision of fracture or geological boundary.The inferred fractures and geological boundaries have a great match with the results obtained from geologic map and remote sensing data interpretation.Those study results have definitely provided the theoretical foundation for identifying faults and the geological boundaries.